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(完整版)初中并列句讲解与练习.doc

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    • 并 列 句一、并列连词大观园连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫做并列连词根据其意义,并列连词又分为表示并列、转折、选择和因果等四种关系的连词关系连词例句并列关系and / both ... and .../ not only ... but also .../ neither ... nor ...My father is a teacher and my mother is a nurse.Neither he nor I like to see this film.Not only I but also he will stay here tomorrow.转折关系but / however / whileI like English, but I am not good at it.I am short, while my brother is very tall.选择关系or / either ... or ...You can read this book or that one.Either she or you are going there with me.因果关系so / forIt was late, so I went home at once.It is morning now, for the birds begin to sing.下面整理并列句的口诀:  and 表示顺承  while表示对比  but/yet表示转折  for/so表示因果  or/either ...or 表示选择  when和and/then表示时间  and/so/neither/nor表示并列  not only...but also/neither... nor表示递进二、并列句的构成:  并列句是由并列连词and,but,or,for,so等把两个或两个以上互不依从,但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。

      其结构为:简单句+并列连词+简单句三、并列句的分类:1. 表示同等关系的并列句  这类并列句常用并列连词and连接前后简单句,and常译为"和"、"并且",也可不译出来例如:He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球,并且踢得很好Last year l met Kate and we became friends.去年我和凯特相遇,我们成了朋友2. 表示转折关系的并列句  这类并列句常用并列连词but(但是),yet(可是),while(而,另一方面),however(可是)等连接前后简单句,but常译为"但是","可是",切不可与从属连词though或although一起使用例如:  It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了,可是老师们仍然在工作He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家,而我则想当科学家。

      It's raining hard, however, we must go out. 雨下得很大,然而我们必须出去 3. 表示选择关系的并列句  这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者,否则)等连接前后简单句  or有两重含义:  (1)译为"或者",表示选择例如:Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息,或者去看电影  (2)译为"否则"、"要不然",表示条件例如:You must tell the truth,or you will be punished.你必须说真话,否则你将会受到惩罚 4. 表示因果关系的并列句  这类并列句常用并列连词for,so等连接前后简单句  (1)for在意义上与从属连词because,since和as相同,但它们引导的是原因状语从句,而for则连接两  简单句,前者表示结果,后者表示原因其结构为:简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)  例如:He has many good friends, for he is an honest man他有许多好朋友,因为他是个诚实的男子汉。

        (2)so意为"因此"、"所以",但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中因为because是从属连词,而是并列连词,用来连接并列句其结构为:简单句(原因) +so牛简单句(结果)例如:  Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead.李老师回家乡去了,所以王老师替二课 5. 其他形式的并列句  (1)"祈使句+and+简单句"其中祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果,谓语常用一般将来时例如:  Use your head, and you will find away.动脑筋,你就会想出办法来  (2)"祈使句+or+简单句"祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果例如:  Study hard, or you Will fall behind the others.努力学习,否则你就会落于别人3)"either...or"结构表示"不是……就是……","或者……或者……",例如:  Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事,或者我婶婶也可以做。

        习惯上将两个句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.  (4) "not only…but also"意思为"不仅……而且……",例如:  not only the students have missed the school car, but also the teacher has missed the school car.不仅学生,而且他们的老师都误了校车  (5) "neither…nor…"结构,意为"既不……也不……","两者都不……",用法与either …or…,not only …but also…相同四、使用并列句要注意的几种情况  1. 并列句有时可不用连词,而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)例如:We fished all day; we didn’t catch a fish.我们钓了一天的鱼,一条鱼也没钓到  2. 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分,则相同的部分常可省略例如:My father works in a factory and my mother in a school.我父亲在工厂工作,母亲在学校工作。

        3. 由so, nor, neither连接的并列句,后一简单句为避免重复,其成份常倒装并省略一些例如:  He is not a student, nor am I. 他不是学生,我也不是  Beibei can swim, so can I. 贝贝会游泳,我也会练习:一、单项选择1.I like fish, ____ my brother doesn't like it.  A.so  B.or  C.for  D.but2.Mr Zhang felt a little tired, ____ he still went on working  A.but B.and  C.so  D.or3.——Will you be free on Saturday morning ? ----No, I won't , ____ I'll be free on Monday afternoon.  A.but  B.for  C.and  D.so4.Miss Gao is badly ill, ____ she is still working very hard.  A.but  B.and  C.so  D.or5.Hurry up, ____ you won't catch the early bus.  A.but  B.and  C.or  D.so6.Go along the road, ____ you'll find the market at the end of it  A.when  B.and C.or  D.though7.I help him ____ he helps me. We help each other (互相)  A.but  B.and  C.or8.____ Saturday ____ Sunday is OK. I will be free in these two days. A.Either;or  B.Neither; nor  C.Both; and  D.One; the other9.Mr. Zhang felt very tired, ____ he needed a good rest.  A.and  B.so  C.or  D.but10.____ human beings(人类) ____ animals can live without air.  A.Not only; but also B.Both; and  C.Either; or  D.Neither; nor11.Work hard, ____ you'll catch up with others.  A.and  B.but  C.or  D.for12.——Have you got any brothers ____ sisters?  ---- I have a sister.  A.nor B.or C.but D.for13.Be quick, ____ you'll be late for the football match.  A.so B.but C.and D.or14.Jim is an American, ____ he can speak very good Chinese.  A.if  B.so  C.but  D.because15.We bought Granny a present, ____ she didn't like it.  A.but  B.and  C.when  D.if16.That was our first lesson, ____ she didn't know all our names  A.for  B.but  C.so  D.or17.The boy is only ten, ____ he can do some washing himself  A.though  B.but  C.or  D.so18.He is listening to the music ____ he is washing clothes  A.after B.before  C.that  D.while 。

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