新概念第三册语法宝典.doc

新概念第三册语法新概念英语第三册语法总结：定语从句1.由关系代词 who, whom, whose, that, which; 关系副词 when,where, why 引导下面十个句子请读 5 遍并脱口译出！）2. The man (whom) you spoke to just now is my friend.3. The building whose lights are on is beautiful.4. Please find a place which we can have a private talk in.5. The knee is the joint where the thighbone meets the large boneof the lower leg.6. He still remembers the day when he went to school.7. It is no need telling us the reason why you didn't finish it intime.8. He has three sons, two of whom died in the war.9. Mr. Smith, whose wife is a clerk, teaches us English.10. In the Sunday paper there are comics, which children enjoy.2.只能用 that 和 who 引导的定语从句A.all, nothing, anything, a few, one 做先行词指物时B.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时， 后面常跟 that 而不是 whichC.先行词前有 the only, the first, the last, the next, the very 等词修饰时，引导词只能用 thatD.当先行词是 anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone,somebody 时，后面要用 who 或 whome.g. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的并非都是金子。

3.as 引导定语从句A. 引导限制性语从句在此类定语从句中， as 常与主语中作为其先行词的 such, the same 或 as 联用构成， "such... as" ，"the same... as" 和"as ...as" 句型，可代替先行词e.g. We hope to get such a tool as he is using. 我们希望得到他正在用的那种工具B.as 引导非限制性定语从句时，作用与 which 相同， as 作为关系代词代替整个主句这是语法考试的一个考点 )注意区别：as 引导的从句用于句首、句中或句后，而 which 引导的定语从句不能放在句首e.g. As is reported, a foreign delegation will visit the city.据报道，一个外国代表团将访问这个城市重点词汇joint [d ??it] n. 接合 ;关节 ; 指餐馆、酒吧、夜总会和俱乐部等消遣的地方 a. 连接的 ,接合的 ; 联合的 ,共同的 ;合办的 vt. 连接 ,结合 ; 切断comics ['k ?mik] n. 连环图画 ,喜剧演员 ,杂耍滑稽演员 a. 滑稽的 ,有趣的 ,喜剧的delegation [del ?'gei??n] n. 代表团 ,派遣委员团 ,派遣代表新概念英语第三册语法总结：状语从句作文联接词及词组① 原因： because, since, now that（既然） as, for, this reason ...② 结果： so that, so, therefore, consequently, so as to, as a result ...③ 时间： after, before, when, while, as, until, as soon as, since, by the time, once, lately, presently, shortly after, currently, at present, nowadays ...④ 条件： if, only if, once, unless, in the event (that), in case (that),provided that, on the condition that ...⑤ 让步： though, although, even though (if), no matter what / how /when→ whatever / however / whenever ...⑥ 目的： in order that, in order to, to,⑦ 比较：than, as ... as, by comparison（相比较），by contrast （相对照） ...新概念英语第三册语法总结：名词性从句 20110719通常由 that 或疑问词导出。

1. How some mammals came to live in the sea is not know. （主语从句）2. The attorney told his client that they had little chance of winningthe case.（宾语从句）3. The problem is what we'll do next. （表语从句）4. We have no idea that he has come back.（同位语从句）同位语（ Appositive ）：同位语是英语语法的重点内容，也是各类考试中的一个考点，同时，在写作中正确运用同位语可以使你的句型更加简洁得体《新概念英语》 第三册第一课有这样一个句子： When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.（当伦敦动物园接到报告说，在伦敦以南 45 英里处发现一只美洲狮时，这些报告并没有受到重视。

在这里， a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London 就是同位语从句，它本来应该放在 “reports 后”面，这里却被放在了谓语成分 came into London zoo 的后面，目的是让句型显得更为稳重I ．简单记忆： 同位语从句，就是对某些名词做进一步的解释的句子I was greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father diedyesterday. （that 引导的句子解释了 news 的内容，注意： that 不做任何成分）We have to face the fact that the weather is unexpectedly bad. （that引导的句子解释了 fact 的内容）II ．联想记忆：能接同位词从句的名词有： belief（信仰），fact ，idea，doubt ，rumor（谣言），evidence（证据），conclusion（结论），suggestion（建议），problem ，order ，answer， discovery （发 现） explanation （解释），principle （原则），possibility （可能性），truth ，promise （承诺），report （报告），statement（声明），knowledge（知识），opinion （观点），likelihood （可能性）III ．王牌要点：● 同位语一般由 that 引导，但也可以用关系代词 which, who, what和关系副词 when, where, why, how 或 whether 引导。

There arouse the question whether we could win the game. I have no idea howto explain it.● 一些介词词组后面也能引导同位语从句 （非常经典之功能句式，可用于四六级和托福作文，不妨一试！ ）on the assumption （在 ⋯⋯ 前提下），on the ground （由于 ⋯⋯ 原因），on the condition that（在 ⋯⋯ 条件下），with the exception（有 ⋯⋯ 例外）owing to the fact（由于 ⋯⋯ 事实），on the understanding （基于 ⋯⋯ 理解）e.g. The young lady promised to marry the old man on the conditionthat he bought her a villa.（那位年轻的女士答应嫁给那位老头，条件是他给她买一幢别墅 ）IV ．分隔式同位语从句为了使句型平衡不至于头重脚轻， 有时同位语从句可以放到句子的末尾，（读两遍此定义，然后看倒句： ）An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter.I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie "Titanic".V. 同位语从句与定语从句之区别简单记忆：定语从句的引导词 that 或 which 在句子中用作主语或宾语，而同位语从句的引导词 that 只起连接主句和从句之作用，不用作任何成分。

e.g. I've got an answer that A is right. 。