实义动词的否定句和疑问句句式变化及动词的第三人称变化规律.doc

动词第三人称单数形式构成规则及练习题动词第三人称单数形式构成规则1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]如： ①stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s]   ②read－reads [z] ; play－plays [z]2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如：fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z]   study－studies [z]; worry－worries3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如：   teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz]4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如：   go－goes [z] do－does [z下面几种动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆 如： 1、do [du:]－does [dz] 2、say [sei]－says [sez]以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音， 与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。

如： close－closes [iz]be动词涉及：am， is， are第三人称单数用 is；过去式为 was；复数用are，过去式为were. 注意： 动词 have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用 has； 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是is含have和has的肯定句变否认句和疑问句并做出肯定回答和否认回答I have an apple.I don’t have an apple.(否认句在have前加not)Do you have an apple? (疑问句用do提问，句首第一种字母大写，句尾加问号)Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.（用do和don’t回答，）He has a big nose.He doesn’t have a big nose.(否认句在has前加doesn’t ,并把has变成have) Does he have a big nose?(疑问句用does提问，并把has变成have)Yes , he does./ No, he doesn’t.(用does和doesn’t回答)一般目前时中的第三人称单数形式在一般目前时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。

I 什么是一般目前时？一般目前时的基本用法有哪些呢？【No. 1】一般目前时的功能　　1.表达事物或人物的特性、状态如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的　　2.表达常常性或习惯性的动作如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床标志词（时间状语）：always, every week (day, year, month…), once a week,every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday uauslly often,never,hardly..........　　3.表达客观现实如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转No. 2】一般目前时的构成　　1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其他如：　　I am a boy.我是一种男孩　　2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其他)如：　　We study English.我们学习英语　　当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"如：    Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语No. 3】一般目前时的变化　  1. be动词的变化。

　　  a 否认句：主语+ be + not +其他.如 He is not a worker.她不是工人　　   b 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其他　　   如：-Are you a student?　　　　   -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.　　  c 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句如Where is my bike?　 2.行为动词的变化　　  a 否认句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其他)如：　   　I don't like bread.　  　b 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否认句如：　　   He doesn't often play.　　  c 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其他如：　　   - Do you often play football?　　   - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.　  　当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句如：　   　- Does she go to work by bike?　　   - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.【No. 4】特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：      How does your father go to work?II 哪些主语是第三人称单数? 现归纳总结如下：一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数如：   He likes watching TV. 她喜欢看电视   he has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐   It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数如：   ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的妈妈   ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国   ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔常常做蛋糕三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数如：   ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物   ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的   ③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的   ④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。

四、不定代词someone,everyone,everything, something等及批示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数如：   ①Everyone is here. 人们到齐了   ②This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔   ③That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数如：   ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里   ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数如：  ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母巩固练习题：I 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式：sit________       guess________      die________ go_________       rush_______ reach______             touch______        brush_______fly________       copy________              say________        run________ do_________        fix________               live_______        cry________enjoy______        have_______              \\wish_______        play_______uie________        teach______               \buy________         study_____ drink______       go________                stay_______        make_______look_______        carry______come_______        watch_______ plant______         fly________                                 二、用括号内动词的合适形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _______(like) cooking.12. They _______(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _______(do) your homework well.15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.20. －What day _______(be) it today?  － It’s Saturday.三、按照规定改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否认句)___。