初升高英语衔接班第3讲(共10页).doc

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容：初升高英语衔接班第3讲总结it的用法和there be句型的用法二. 重、难点：（一）It的用法小结1. It作主语的句子（1）It指前面已经提到过的人或事物（有时指心目中的或成为问题的人或事物）时，It是真正的主语如：What’s this ? —— It’s a horse . 这是什么？——这是一匹马Who is it ? —— It’s me . 谁？——是我It’s the wind shaking the window . 是风刮得窗户响2）It指时间、季节如：What time is it ? —— It’s nine . 几点了？——九点了It’s time for the meeting . Let’s go . 开会的时间到了，我们走吧！What day is today ? —— It’s Saturday . 今天星期几？——今天星期六What is the date today ? —— It’s Oct.（the）1st . 今天是几号？——今天是十月一号What season is it ? —— It is summer . 现在是什么季节？——是夏季。

3）It指气候Is it cold in this room ? —— No , it isn’t . 屋里冷吗？——不冷What’s the weather like today ? —— It’s fine . 今天天气怎么样？——是晴天It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city . 这个城市夏天经常下雨，冬天经常下雪4）It指距离、情况等如：It is five kilometres from my home to the school .从我家到学校有5公里It is very near from this factory to that one .从这个工厂到那个工厂非常近It is a long way to the sea .（这）离海很远Is it well with you ? 你身体好吗？2. It作形式主语动词不定式、动名词短语或从句在句中起主语作用，而这一部分用词较多时，可用it作为形式主语，放在句首代表其后所说的事实上的、真正的主语，而把真正的主语放在后面1）It +谓语+动词不定式。

It作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语如：It is difficult to climb a mountain . 爬山是很艰难的It is a good habit to do morning exercises . 做早操是个好习惯It is important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language . 在学习外语时适当地做一些有助于记忆的练习是很重要的It is right to do so . 这样做是对的2）It+谓语+动名词短语It作形式主语，动名词作真正的主语如：It is no use learning without thinking . 学而不思则罔It’s useless arguing with a silly boy . 和笨孩子争论是没有用的3）It+谓语+名词性从句It作形式主语，以that引导的名词性从句是真正的主语如：It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film .你没看这么好的电影，真可惜It is certain that we shall succeed . 我们一定会成功。

It is strange that nobody knows where he lives .真奇怪，谁也不知道他住在哪里It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning .据说飞机明天上午十点起飞3. It作形式宾语 It作形式宾语，代表其后所说的真正的宾语真正的宾语是以that引导的名词性从句或不定式短语如：I consider it wrong that you Chinese students learn English without comparing it with your own language .我认为你们中国学生学习英语不和你们自己的语言比较是不对的I find it not so difficult to learn a foreign language . 我发现学习一门外语不那么困难I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming . 我记得向你明确表示过我不来They want to make it clear to the public that they are doing an important and necessary job .他们要向公众表明，他们在做一件必需做的重要工作。

4. It用于强调结构在表示强调的结构中it可用作先行代词，这种结构的句型如下：It+动词be+被强调的部分（词或词组）+that+其他部分如果强调的部分是人，可用who，whom代替that如：Miss Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon .王老师每周一下午教我们英语强调主语：It is Miss Wang who teachers us English every Monday afternoon .强调间接宾语：It is us whom Miss Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon .强调直接宾语：It is English that Miss Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon .强调状语：It is every Monday afternoon that Miss Wang teaches us English .It was here that I first met him . 这就是我初次与他见面的地方强调状语）It is the people who（或that）are really powerful . 真正强大的是人民。

强调主语）（二）有关含有引导词there的句子结构英语“There + be+（not）”结构表示“有（没有）某人或某物”时，there是无词义的引导词，be是谓语动词，它后面的名词是主语，两者在数上必须一致句末往往有表示地点或时间的状语1. 肯定式（表示“有”）There+（助动词或情态动词）+be+主语+地点（时间）状语如：There is a picture on the wall . 墙上有一张画儿There are 24 hours in a day . 一天有二十四小时There was only one school in the village before . 以前这个村子里只有一所小学There were 1,500 students in our school last year . 去年我校有一千五百名学生注意：如果there + be之后是并列主语，第一个主语又是单数名词时，习惯上用There is …如：There is a boy and a girl in the room . 屋里有一个男孩和一个女孩There is a pen and some books on her desk . 她的书桌上有一支钢笔和一些练习本。

2. 否定式（表示“没有”）There + be（助动词或情态动词）+not（any）（或+no）+主语……如：There was not an underground in Beijing before . 北京从前没有地下铁道There are not fairies in the world . 世上没有神仙There is nothing more for me to do now . 现在没有别的什么事要我做了There are not many people who want to read this book . 没有多少人要看这本书There won’t be a dance this weekend . 本周末没有舞会3. 疑问式（1）一般疑问句① Be+there+（any）+主语……？② 助动词或情态动词+there+be+（any）+主语……？如：Is there anything I can do for you ? 我能为你做点什么吗？Is there any water in your bottle ? 你的瓶里有水吗？Will there be a report by the famous scientist this afternoon ? 今天下午有那位著名科学家做报告吗？（2）特殊疑问句：疑问词（+名词）+be+there+状态？如：How many months are there in a year ? 一年有几个月？What’s there in your pocket ? 你口袋里装的是什么？When will there be lasting world peace ? 什么时候世界上能有持久的和平？ 4. 含有引导词there的句子用seem to be，happen to be，used to do或live等词作谓语的结构。

如：There happened to be an old friend of mine in the shop .恰好在商店里有我的一个老朋友There used to be a temple here . 以前这儿有一座庙There seemed to be no point in refusing . 看来没理由拒绝There once lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea .从前，在海边的一个村庄里住着一个老渔民模拟试题】综合练习（一）1. Look ! There some apples in that tree . A. is B. was C. are D. were2. — What’s on the plate ?— There some bread on it . A. is B. are C. has D. have3. Lucy and Lily going to the Great Wall tomorrow . A. are B. is C. am D. be4. Three fourths of the homework today . A. has finished B.。