初中英语现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习课堂PPT.ppt

现在完成时态现在完成时态详细讲解及其练习详细讲解及其练习1一、一、现在完成时现在完成时由由“have/has+过去过去分词分词”构成，主要有两个构成，主要有两个含义：含义：v　　　　①①表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间状语有用的时间状语有many times，，just，，yet，，ever，，never，，just，，already，，so far, by now等vI have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电我已经看过这部电视剧了现在我对它不感兴趣了）视剧了现在我对它不感兴趣了）v——Have you found your lost pen yet?v——No, I haven’t found it yet.（我很着急）（我很着急）v　　　　②②表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去用于也许还将持续下去用于延续性动词延续性动词，常常与，常常与so far、、for或者或者since短语连用短语连用since + 时间点时间点 /从句，从句，for + 时间段，时间段，如如for two months等。

等2v二二 、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别、现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别v1）现在完成时和）现在完成时和一般过去时一般过去时都能表示过去发生过都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；v2）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止因此过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，，yesterday，，last week等的状语连用，等的状语连用，并且用并且用when或或where对这些时间和地点状语提问对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时时，一般只用一般过去时3v三、在三、在“it is first/second...time that...或在或在“it/this/that is the +最高级最高级+名词名词+that...结构结构中，中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be ...+since从句从句”这一结构中，这一结构中，be可用可用一般现在一般现在时时或现在完成时，或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。

从句一般用过去时v现在完成时可以和带有现在完成时可以和带有 since 或或 for 等表示等表示“一段一段时间时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在如：始，一直持续到现在如：vI haven't seen him for two years.v但是，像但是，像 come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能等终止性动词不能与表示与表示“一段时间一段时间”的状语连用要用，必须改为的状语连用要用，必须改为“be（在）（在）”等延续性动词来表述等延续性动词来表述4归纳总结归纳总结:由非延续性动词到延续性动由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换词的转换varrive→be here die →be dead begin (start)→ be on vcome back→ be back fall ill (sick, asleep )→be ill (sick, asleep) leave →be away get up→ be up finish →be over vopen →be open close →be closed borrow →keep v be on →be in 或或 be a member of… go to school→be a student buy →have catch(a cold)→ have (a cold) vbegin to study→study get to know →know v come to work→ work 等等v如：如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。

他参军三年了vHis father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了他父亲去世二年了vThe film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了电影已开始十分钟了vWe have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了我们（开始）学英语已三年了5注意事项注意事项（（1））have been(to)与与 have gone( to)的区别：的区别：have been(to)表示表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于，可用于 各人各人称；称；have gone(to)表示表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与，常用于第三人称，前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能等连用，后者则不能vHe has been to Beijing.他去过北京（已经回来了）他去过北京（已经回来了）vHe has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。

他去北京了 （还没有回来）（还没有回来）vhave/has been in 待在某地待在某地v如：如：They have been in Beijing.他们呆在北京他们呆在北京v（（2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连 用 如：如：vI haven't left here since 1997.自从自从 1997 年以来，我一直年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿没有离开过这儿6现在完成时态练习题现在完成时态练习题v现在完成时态练习题现在完成时态练习题v一一 选择填空选择填空v( ) 2. Her father ______in1990 and her husband ______for more than five years.v(A) died ,dead (B) has died, deadv(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has diedv( ) 3. I have _____this nice watch for two years. v(A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lendv( ) 4.He _____his home for ten years.v(A)has left (B)left fromv(C)has been away from (D)was away fromv( ) 5.He _____a league member for three yearsv(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D) have becomev( ) 6.Lihua's brother has _______for two yearsv(A)joined the army (C)become a soldierv(B)been an army (D)been in the armyv( ) 7.He hasn't _____Quanzhou ever since he left schoolv(A) left (B)been away (C)been (D)away7v( )8.——Have you__________ learned English?v——Yes, I've ________learned a lot.v(A)never, ever (B)ever, never v(C)ever, already (D)already. everv( ) 9.——Have you finished your homework ________?v——Yes, I've _____done that.v(A) yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, justv( )10.John's father _______borrowed some picturesv(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already8v二二 选择填空选择填空v( ) 1. ——Have you finished your homework ——Yes, I ＿＿it last nightv(A) finish (B) finished (C) have finished (D) will finishv( ) 2.—— ＿＿_you ever _______to Nanjing ——Yes, I ______there last year. (A) Have…gone, have gone (B) Did…go, went (C) Have…been , went (D) Did…go, has , been )v( ) 3.——When _______you ________Lucy in New York?v——I _________her for two yearsv(A) did…meet, haven't seen (B) did…meet, don't see v(C) have…met, haven't seenv( ) 4.He ______finished his homework yet .v( A) didn’t (B) haven’t (C) hasn’t (D) doesn’t have v( )5.——Have you ________traveled to Quanzhou?v——Yes, I have.v(A) just (B) yet C) never (D) everv( )6..——Have you finished your homework ——Not__________v(A) ever (B) already . (C) yet (D) just .v( ) 7 We haven't finished our homework，，_____.v(A) already ( (B) ever (C) yet (D) never9三三 用用 since 和和 for 填空填空 （一）（一）v1) ______ two years _______ two years ago 2) _______ last month 3) _______ yesterday 4) _______ an hour ago 5) ______ she left here 6) _______ 4 o’clock 8) ______ 1999 v9) ______ 4 hours 10) _____ lunch time （二）（二）v1. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.v2. I’ve known him __________ we were children.v3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.v4. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.v5. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.10四四 单项选择题单项选择题v( )1.My mother has worked in this factory _____ 2 years.v（（A））about ( (B)for (C)in (D)sincev（（ )2. His father joined the party_________v(A)since three years ago (B)in two years' timev(C)for three years (D)three years agov3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ________?vA. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t theyv4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we ________ here for three years.vA. have been to B. have been invC. have been D. have gonev5.- How long ______you_______ your dictionary?v- About two months.vA. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought11 6. He tells me he________ China for over five yearsv. A. has been B. has been in vC. has been to D. has gone to Chinav7.________has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to Nanjing?vA. How soon , comes B. How often, gotvC. How long , came D. How far, arrivedv8. His uncle________ for more than 9 years.vA. has come here B. has started to workvC. has lived there D. has left the universityv9. He has never surfed, __________(改成反意疑问句）改成反意疑问句）?v10. They have been here since 2000 . (对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)v__________ have they been here?v11. The old man _________last year. He________ for a year.(die)v12. This factory opened twenty years ago.(改写句子，句意不变改写句子，句意不变)12。