英汉新词构成的理据比较.doc

本科毕业论文题目：英汉新词构成的理据比较学 院:外 国 语 学 院专 业:英 语学 号:学生姓名:指导教师:日 期:2009年6月5日17本科毕业论文摘 要随着现代社会的飞速发展和科学技术的日新月异，语言也发生了巨大发展变化在语言构成的诸要素中，词汇变化最为明显，这是因为新事物、新概念、新思想需要新的语言表现形式,而词汇可以最便捷、最直接地反映出来因此，在不断变化中的政治、经济、科技等领域里，我们可以看到大量的新词在不断涌现这些新词并非随意构成，而是依据了一定的构词规则，即构词理据不同的语言构词方式和依据不同，而新词语作为语言发展和社会变迁的融合体,即和普通词汇有着相似的理据特征，又具有与时代发展密切相关的独特性而且随着全球化进程的不断提高和网络技术的不断发展，不同的语言体系中的新词出现互相交融的现象因此，当代不同语言体系中构词的理据性也是共性和差异并存，例如一些政治术语和网络词汇本文首先对英汉语的构词理据进行对比分析，揭示了它们在各自词汇体系中的构词特点，然后探讨了不同领域中的英汉新词的理据特征,并在此基础上对英汉新词语理据的共性及差异进行了具体阐述。

文章旨在通过构词的理据性研究探索新词的实用价值，激发英语学习者学习英语的兴趣，帮助他们有效地扩大词汇,克服在英语学习和英语阅读中的因新词的出现导致的学习障碍同时，英汉新词的对比研究在跨文化交流方面，尤其是新词的译介方面发挥巨大的作用关键词： 新词； 构词理据； 英汉对比； 共性与差异AbstractWith the development of society and advancement of science and technology, languge has gone through great changes. In all the elements of language,vocabulary changes fastest, as it can reflect the newly emerging matters, concepts, and ideas most quickly, directly and economically in language system. As a result, we can see new words, which are called, emerge in different fields almost everyday. These new words are not created arbitarily; however, they follow certain language principles, which is called motivation of word-building. Different language systems have different features of word-building motivations, and there is no exception to neologisms. On the other hand, neologism reflect the social development. As a result, neologisms are the mixture of language development and social development. Furthermore, globlization and Internet bring about a great number of common symbols of expressions, so similarities as well as differences can be found between Chinese and English neologism, for example, sci-tech termilogy and internet vocabulay.The paper begins with a discussion on word-building motivation,and then describles the different features of neologisms in different fields. Finally, the similarities and differences of neologism motivation between English and Chinese have been discussed respectively. The purposes of this article are to study the practical value of English and Chinese neologisms based on the principles of word-building motivation , to stimulate English learners’ interest, and then to help them enlarge their vocabulary effectively. Besides, it will help learners to overcome the obstacle in their English learning and reading caused by the neologisms. Last but not least, the comparative analysis on the motivation between English and Chinese neologsms can promote cross-cultural communication in modern society, especially in translation field.Key Words: motivation; neologisms; comparative research; similarities and differencesContents1 Introduction 12 Word-building Motivation 22.1 Definition of Word-building Motivation 22.2 Types of Word-building Motivation 22.2.1 Onomatopoeic Motivation 32.2.2 Morphological Motivation 42.2.3 Semantic Motivation 63 Neologisms 73.1 Features of Neologisms 83.2 Neologisms in Different Fields 93.2.1 Politics 93.2.2 Economy 93.2.3 Science and Technology 94 Comparison of the Motivation of Chinese and English Neologisms 114.1 Similarities 114.2 Differences 135 Conclusion 15Bibliography 17Acknowledgements 181 Introduction………………...……………………………..………..12 Word-building Motivation……...……………………………....2 2.1 Definition of Word-building Motivation...........…..……..………2 2.2 Types of Word-building Motivation……………….….................2 2.2.1 Onomatopoeic Motivation……………….………………….3 2.2.2 Morphological Motivation……………….………………….4 2.2.3 Semantic Motivation…………………….…………………..63 Neologisms……………………………….………………………….7 3.1 Features of Neologisms…………………….……………………...8 3.2 Neologisms in Different Fields…………..……………..…………....8 3.2.1 Politics…………………………………………………………..9 3.2.2 Economy……………………………………………………….9 3.2.3 Science and Technology…………………………………….…94 Comparison of the Motivation of Chinese andEnglish Neologisms..………………………………...……..…………………….…114.1 Similarities…………………………………………………….....114.2 Differences…………………………………………………….....135 Conclusion…………………………………………………………..15Bibliography………………………………………….……………….17Acknowledgements……………………………….………....18A Comparison of the Motivation of Chinese and English  Neologisms1 IntroductionA word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function (张维友, 2000: 2). In other words, a word is an unitive form of sound, contextual and grammatical meaning (陆国强, 1999: 9). For effective communication, our ancestors created this kind of handwriting with certain phonology. As time goes by, because of the continuous change and process in society, new things and more complicated ideas are ceaselessly coming into being. The original and limited words have already lost behind people’s demand and satisfaction. So as the regulation of language development, amount of words is。