
高考英语介词复习技巧3200字.docx
19页高考英语介词复习技巧3200字 高考英语复习技巧:介词通俗记忆介词为虚词,不能单独充当句子成分,必须同名词、代词、短语、句子构成介词短语,才能充当句子成分介词短语在句中常作表语、定语、状语和补足语介词的用法比较复杂,在英语学习中须多多注意本人根据多年教学与学习的经验把介词用法做一小结,以期雅俗共赏并对大家学习和记忆有所帮助一、介词及介词短语介词像个“游离体”, 名前动后常出现,一旦组成“某结构”, 句中成分有一位介+宾”叫“介短”, 作“形、副”句里边宾补、表、定、状”, 都能用得上①动+介”——动词性②, “及、不及物”谓语用成语、习语常固定, 应用起来有弹性注 ①介词后面的名词、代词或数词是介词的宾语,介词和介词宾语合成介词短语介词短语在句中的语法作用相当于形容词或副词,在句中做宾(主)语、补足语、表语、定语或状语②“动词+介词(副词)”组成一个动词词组或短语动词,其语法作用相当于一个及物动词或不及物动词,在句中作谓语二、介词在句中的位置介词活跃句关键, 短语合成形简单,独作成分看不见, 介短表定状可担before时空在之前, after之后off远直上 over,above斜, under,below下相反。
直到till,on表面, 穿过through,for因缘by表旁边in里面, with伴随by车船时间地点at、in、on, 二者between多among,behind后面beside旁, 附近near沿着alongfrom来自like像, 表示目的for,to当of所属周围round, 向上up向下down三、on,at,in用法巧记on,at,in这三个常用介词都可以表示时间和地点,但具体用法不同,多数学生对它们混淆不清现在只要记住了口诀,就可避免at,on,in的种种误用1. on,in,at表示时间on“在具体某一天”①“当某时”,动名词, arrival,death前;early,late位句先②,用in一般“上”“下”“晚”;on用于天,in用于月、季、年③;限定三时in要变④at是个时间点,“工作”“时刻”与“圣诞”⑤at noon(night),in the day,习惯用语记心间注:①on表示在具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上例 On mother’s Day,we should send flowers to our mother. 母亲节,我们应该送花给我们的母亲。
On my arrival home,I found he had gone already.当我到家时,我发现他已经走了② 当early,late用于句首修饰介词短语时,尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上,都要用in,泛指一般的上、下午,晚上也用in 例 Early in the morning of National Day,I got up to catch the first bus to the zoo. 国庆节一清早,我便起床去赶到动物园的第一班公共汽车My father begins work at 8:00 in the morning and stops work at 4:00 in the afternoon. 我父亲上午8点上班,下午4点下班③于将来时态表示“过一段时间后” 及表示“在??期间” 和“在某个季节,某年、某月” 都用in 例 I hear he’ll be back in a month.我听说他将于一个月后回来In the course of the last lesson in French,little Franz was listening to the master very attentively.在那最后一堂法语课中,小弗朗兹非常用心地听着老师讲。
Xiao Ming was born in December of 2004. 小明生于20xx年x月④当 morning,afternoon,evening有前位定语或后置定语限定时,就不用in而用on例 on a hot(summer) noon 在一个炎热(夏天)的中午on Monday morning在星期一上午on the morning of March 8th在3月x日上午⑤ 表示某时某刻及在work,Christmas前用at例 We get up at eight o’clock. 我们8点起床My father are busily at work all day. 我父亲整天忙于工作In western countries children get present from their parents at Christmas. 在西方国家,孩子们在圣诞节得到父亲给的礼物2. on,in,at表示地点on“在之上”接触面,“靠近、接壤、左右边”①;in“在里面”和“中间”②;at表示小地点, “入口、车站、电影院”③;home出现定语、冠, 须用in把at换④;“夜间、车辆”若有限, 及“在途中”on在前⑤。
注: ①在表示地点时,指“在??之上(与表面接触)” “靠近、接壤”及“在左右边”都用on例 There is an English-Chinese dictionary and two grammar books on the big desk.那张大写字台上有一本英汉词典和两本语法书Korea lies on the northeast of China. 朝鲜位于中国东北方Tom was sitting on my left when we saw the film yesterday. 我们昨天看电影时,汤姆坐在我左边 ②表示“在??里面”(即物体内部),“在??中间”(即middle前)都用in例 Jim turned the key in the lock and opened the door. 吉姆把钥匙插在锁孔里,转动一下,打开了门 Soon they were in the middle of the river. 很快他们就游到了河中间③ at表示一个较小的地点,如在“入口”(entrance)“车站”(bus stop,railway station)和“影剧院”(cinema,theater)等名词前。
例 As she walked along,she noticed an old pine tree ahead at the entrance to a valley. 她往前走时,注意到前边峡谷口有棵老松树④home前一般用at,但若有物主代词和冠词等定语修饰时,须用in例 In Princeton he lived quietly,working at the institute and enjoying himself by playing his violin in his simple home. 他在普林斯顿过着安静的生活,在研究所工作,在他那简朴的家里拉琴消遣⑤“夜间”(night)、“车辆”(bus,bike,train ect.)等名词若有限定词及“在??途中”,介词则用on 例 He was in on that night. 他那天夜里在家My son often goes to school on his bike.我儿子常骑自行车去上学On the way home my father told me of an incident that took place on his first day at school in Mr Crossett’s class.在回家途中,父亲给我讲了他第一天上克罗塞特先生课时发生的一件事。
第二篇:中考英语介词复习指南 6500字中考英语介词复习指南1、介词的主要用法:介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如:out of(从?中出来), because of(因为), away from(距离?), on top of(在?顶上), ever since(自从?), next to(在?隔壁), according to(根据?), in front of(在?前方)等2、介词的分类表:地点(位置、范围)介词:above在?前, about在?附近, across在?对面, after在?后面, against倚着..., along在?近旁, among在?中间, around在?周围, round在?.周围, at在?处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部, in front of在...前, close to靠近..., in the middle of在...的中间, at the end of在...的末端,等等。
方向(目标趋向)介词:across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., round环绕..., at朝着..., behind向?后面, between?and?从?到...,by路过/通过..., down向?下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., inside到...里面, near接近..., off脱离/除..., on向...上, out of向...外, outside向....外, over跨过..., past经过/超过..., through穿过..., to向/朝..., towards朝着..., on to到...上面, onto到...上面, up向...上, away from远离... 时间介词:about大约..., after在?以后, at在? (时刻), before在?以前, by到?为止, during在?期间, for有?(之久), from从?(时)起, in在(上/下午);在(多久)以后, on在(某日), past过了?(时), since自从?(至今), through 贯穿?(期间), till直到?时, until直到?时, to到(下一时刻), ever since从那时起至今,at the beginning of在...开始时 ,at the end of在...末 , in the middle of在...当中 ,at the time of在...时方式介词:as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用?(语言), like与?一样, on骑(车)/徒(步),通过(收音机/电视机), over通过(收音机), through通过..., with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼), without没有?涉及介词:about关于..., except除了?, 。
