同等学力英语专项练习之会话技巧.pdf

1． 语言功能类命题语言功能类命题： 1）特点）特点 此类题目与语境无多大的联系 题目多出在第二个人的对话中，且第一句话多是问句 在陈述句的情况下，多是要表示安慰、恭维或评论 2）难点）难点 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反义疑问句的回答 回答感谢或道歉、接受或拒绝请求的方法 如何安慰、评论(同意或反对)、恭维 特定特殊疑问句的含义 回答要紧扣对话主题 3）解题技巧）解题技巧 合作原则（要回答问题，不能不知道） 相关原则（答案要和对话内容符合，切忌所答非所问所答非所问 ） 固定原则（惯用表达形式） 2．语境命题语境命题 1) 特点特点: 特定语境的习惯表达(如何接、如何点餐、如何付款、如何交罚单等) 2) 难点难点: 考生不熟悉特定语境的特定表达 一、习惯应答类一、习惯应答类 许多情景会话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语问候、告别、打、问路、看病、购物等常见交流话题均有其较为固定的套语感谢、道歉、祝愿、请求亦有其固定的应答用语对于这类题目,我们要紧紧遵循他们的习惯进行解答如: - Waiter! -________ - I can't eat this. It's too salty. A. Yes, sir? B. What? C. All right? D. Pardon? 1.常用于感谢的应答用语有常用于感谢的应答用语有: You are welcome. Don't mention it. It is my pleasure(My pleasure). Not at all. That's all right. I'm glad / happy that... I'm glad you like/ enjoy it.等等。

- Thank you ever so much for the book you sent me. -________. A. No thanks B. I'm glad you like it C. Please don't say so D. No, it's not so good - It's been a wonderful evening. Thank you very much. -________. A. My pleasure B. I'm glad to hear that C. No, thanks D. It's OK 2.常用于道歉的应答用语有常用于道歉的应答用语有:Never mind. It doesn't matter. Not at all. That's all right. That is nothing.等等 - I'm sorry I broke your mirror. -Oh, really? ________. A. It's OK with me B. It doesn't matter C. Don't be sorry D. I don't care - Sorry, I couldn't come to the party. I was sick that day. - ________. A. I don't know thatB. That's all rightC. Yes, we'll have another party D. No, the party wasn't held 3.常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有常见的祝愿和祝贺用语有:Good luck!Best wishes to you. Have a nice time. Wish you a pleasant journey/ success. Congratulations!Happy Christmas! Happy birthday to you.等等。

等等 而应答用语常有:Thank you. The same to you. You too.等等 - I'm taking my driving test tomorrow. -________! A. Cheers B. Good luck C. Come on D. Congratulations 4.接受请求和邀请的应答用语有接受请求和邀请的应答用语有:With pleasure. I'd be happy/ glad to. Yes, help yourself. No problem. Good idea.等拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有等拒绝请求和邀请的应答用语有:Sorry, but... I'd rather you... Thank you, but... No way.等等 - Would you do me a favour and give me a ride? -________. A. Yes, that's right B. No trouble C. Never mind D. With pleasure - What about having a drink? -________. A. Good idea B. Help yourself C. Go ahead , please D. Me, too - I'd like to invite you to dinner this Saturday, Mr Smith. -________. A. No way B. Not possible C. No chance D. Not at all A. Oh, no. Let's not B. I'd rather stay at home C. I'm very sorry, but I have other plans D. Oh, no. That'll be too much trouble - I wonder if I could use your telephone. -________. A. I wonder howB. I don't wonderC. Sorry, it's out of orderD. No wonder, here it is - I don't have any change with me. Will you pay the fare for me? -________. A. That's fine B. Nothing serious C. Never mind D. No problem -I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her. -________. It was her fault. 5.其它习惯应答用语其它习惯应答用语 -Hello. May I speak to Zhao Hua? -Yes. ________. A. My name's Zhao Hao B. I'm Zhao Hua C. This is Zhao Hua speaking D. Zhao Hua's me - Let me introduce myself, I'm Albert. -________. A. What a pleasure B. It's my pleasure C. Pleased to meet you D. I'm very pleased 二、破交流定势类二、破交流定势类 汉语和英语在文化方面有许多共同之处,但也存在着诸多差异。

这些差异往往是考查的重中之重我们要力求用英语思维,避免母语交流定势的干扰,要根据英语的文化交流习惯来应答如,当中国人听到对方夸奖或赞美时,习惯上要说些表示谦虚的话而英美人则不同,总是先接受对方的夸奖,再表示谢意例如: - You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang. -________. A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well B. I'm glad you enjoyed it C. Come again when you are free D. It's not necessary for you to say so - Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine! -________. You look well, too. A. Great B. Thanks C. Oh, no D. Not at all - My daughter has passed the exam. - Congratulations! She's really intelligent. -________. A. No, she is nothing B. Oh, thank you C. Sometimes she is intelligent D. You are right 三、语言结构类三、语言结构类 这类题要求考生根据对话情景和所掌握的正确的语言结构来做出选择。

以习惯用法居多如说话人对刚刚提出的说法或意见持肯定态度时,可以说:Yes, I think / suppose / believe so.或 Yes, I'm afraid so.如对刚刚提出的说法或意见持否定态度,则说:No, I don't think / suppose so.或 No, I don't believe so.或 No, I believe/ suppose not.或 No, I hope not.或 No, I am afraid not.又如, “Do you mind...?“常用于表达请求对方允许 如果同意,则用“No, go ahead.“或“No, of course not.“或“No, not at all.“等来回答;如果不同意,可用“I'm sorry I do.“来回答例如: -Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. - Why ________? John is sitting there doing nothing. A. him B. he C. I D. me - Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend? -________. A. I don't believe B. I don't believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not 一、命题特点一、命题特点 1．理解说话人的意图和对话含义．理解说话人的意图和对话含义 1) 肯否问题（功能，重点在交界处）肯否问题（功能，重点在交界处） 一般疑问句肯否 接受或拒绝建议、帮忙、邀请等（can you… would you…） 肯定句的肯否（事实的同意与否） 特殊疑问句态度的褒贬 2) 将要如何做（。