外研版必修四module5.doc

外研版必修四 Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges New words1.at the edge of 在…的边缘 on the edge of 在…的边缘上The trees are at the edge of the sea. Don’t stand on the edge of the plateform when a train is coming.2.surround vt.围绕，环绕 be surrounded by/with 被….所包围The wounded person was surrounded by many people.surrounding adj.周围的 sourroundings n.环境3.trade vi.做生意 vt.交易，交换 n.(U) 贸易Trade sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 trade for sth. 以…交换 4.go through 穿越，经历，仔细检查The teacher is going through the students’ homework.My grandma went through a lot in her life.5.forbid vt.禁止Forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth.=forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事The manger forbids smoking in the office. My parents forbid me to drink wine.相同用法的词：allow permit6.spot n.地点，场所，斑点，污点 v.认出，发现，点缀On the spot 当场，现场 be spotted with满是… 斑点He saw the car accident on the spot.7.view n.景色，风景，观点，看法，见解，视野 v.看待，考虑，将…看成In my view在我看来，我认为 in view of 鉴于，考虑到 In view of his condition , I don’t think that he should go.Sentences1. I’m allowed to stick one in only if I have been in one place for more than 24 hours.only if 引导条件状语从句,表真实。

只要，只有”if only 引导条件状语从句，表虚拟但愿，要是….就好了”Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.If only I were a superman, I would fly to the sky. Grammar情态动词用法A: can / could = be able to 1 表示能力两种时态can (could)，其他时态要用be able to的形式2 表示请求或许可 Could 比 Can 更加客气* may3 表示推测或可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句Today is Sunday. He can't be at school.　 4 can 表示客观上的可能性*Anybody can make mistakes.B: may and might 1 表示请求和允许 类似用法can could(更加口语化)May I watch TV now?  Yes, you may.2 表示可能性; 猜测might比may更加不确定may/might have done 对过去的揣测*3 表示祝愿  Wish you success! May you succeed!*C: must and have to1 表示必须；一定要 可以用 have to 代替 must 现在；将来的必须 而且是主观看法*have to 有多种时态 而且强调客观情况2 must 表示推测 意思非常肯定 “一定是”“一定会”It must be raining outside.Must have done 对过去/完成的推测*  must have done, didn’t / hasn’tMust be doing 推测现在正在进行He must have gone over the article, hasn’t he?It must have rained last night, didn’t it?D: need and dare 过去时 dared情态动词和实意动词的区别A 人称变化 B do / to do  C 直接否定 / 间接否定   can  workNeed /dare 肯定句中，实义动词She needs to do it. I dare to do it.使用在否定句,疑问句中，情态动词，实义动词。

I dare not do it.     I don’t dare (to) do it.I need not do it.     I don’t need to do it.1 need 情态动词 无时态；人称的变化 多用于疑问句和否定句You needn’t try to explain.Needn’t = don’t have to Needn’t have done sth 过去本不必做某事*  虚拟语气2 need 实义动词 有时态；人称的变化 后接to do   You need to tell us the truth.The car needs repairing. The car needs to be repaired.3 dare 情态动词 过去时 dared 无人称的变化 多用在疑问句和否定句Dare he tell them what he knows?4 dare 实义动词 有时态；人称的变化后接to do用于疑问句和否定句时 其后的to 有时可省略Do you dare (to) jump off the high wall?E: will and would1 表示征求对方(第二人称)意见或询问对方意愿 would 比will 更客气委婉Will you have some more wine?Would you mind my smoking here?2 will 表示习惯性动作或某种倾向 would 表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向Fish will die out of water.When I was young, I would play badminton on Sundays.Would 与 used to 的区别*Would 只能用来表示重复的动作而不能表示状态Used to 既可表示动作也可表示状态, 强调现在不如此He used to be a university student.3 will 表示意愿 决心I will never do that again.F: shall, should and ought to1 shall 在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求 用于第一，三人称What shall we do now?2 shall 肯定句中 表示说话人强烈的感情 允许，命令，禁止和威胁 *或表示按规定，规章和义务等用于第二，三人称If you dare to do that, you shall be punished.These rules shall be obeyed. Shall not 禁止，不许3 shall 决心，意愿 = willI shall come if I want to.4 should 表示劝告，建议 = ought to 应该You should wash your hands first.Should 主要表示主观看法*Ought to 客观情况 法律、规定、义务的使用Should have done / ought to have done sth 虚拟语气*Shouldn’t have done / ought not to have done sth You should have done it today.5 should 推测 推论 可能性 = ought to *估计They should/ ought to be there by now.6 should说话人的感情。

如惊奇、愤怒、失望等、“竟然”   否定句疑问句You can’t imagine that well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a ladyWhy should he do such a thing?情态动词+完成式对过去或完成的猜测must / may /might / could / can’t / couldn’t/can?/could? have done 虚拟语气could have done 本来可以；有可能needn’t have done 本没必要做某事should / ought to have done 本应该做某事shouldn’t / oughtn’t to have done本不应该做某事情态动词练习1. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it ____ be rather cold sometimes.A. must B. can C. should D. would2. You ______ be hungry already ---- you had lunch only two hours ago! A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t3. ---- What do you think we can do for our aged parents?---- You ____ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t5. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 6. According to the air traffic rules, you _____ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should7. ---- I can’t find my purse anywhere. ---- You ______ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should 。