wish and if only 引导的虚拟语气区别.doc

if only强调所希望的状态并不存在，而wish则表示某事有可能发生一、wish用法说明动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时（be 动词一律用were）；表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would/could+had +过去分词；表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，从句谓语用would/could/should/might＋动词原形I wish I were not so busy. 但愿我不那样忙碌I wish I were [was] better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了She wished she had stayed at home. 她后悔的是她当时要是留在家里就好了I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 要是你明天同我们一起去就好了I wish you wouldn’t look down on this kind of work. 我希望你不要看不起这种工作This watch has gone wrong. I wish I had bought a better make. 这只表坏了，我真愿意我买的是好一点的牌子。

I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more. 我希望你不再抽烟了I wish you would be more respectful to your father. 我希望你对你父亲更尊敬些I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什么用处二、if only 1. 在if only这个短语中，only只是加强if的语气的，不仅能表达说话人的愿望，而且能表达条件 If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.如果他们现在在这里，我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了 2. if only常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件意为“但愿”、“要是……该多好啊”等If only she could have lived a little longer. 要是她能活得再长一些，那该多好啊！ 3. if only有时也可以写成if... onlyIf she would only come! 但愿他能来。

三、only if1. only if 引起的条件状语从句，表示“只有……(才) ；只有在……的时候；唯一的条件是……”的意思，当only if 引导的状语从句置于主句之前时，主句要用倒装语序Only if the case is urgent should you call out the doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情况紧急时，你才可以在半夜叫医生看病 Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room. 只有得到教师的允许，学生才可以进这间屋Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees. 只要红灯一亮，就表示有危及职工的险情。