写作-便条-详解.ppt

写作写作-便条便条-详解详解专业四级多便条的要求如下：10分钟内写一个50--60字的便条，总分为10分，6分为及格线一． 便条必须包括以下几个基本要素1）Date：便条日期2）Salutation：称呼3）Body：正文4）Signature：署名2二、评分标准 1. 格式：（占2分）：包括日期、称呼和结尾三部分• 日期（DATE），位置在右上角或左上角 正确：April 16th, 2011April 16, 2011 April 16th April 16 16/4/2011 4/16/2011Abbreviations are usually used,Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., May, June (Jun.), July (Jul.), Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., and Dec.v.3v称呼（HEADING），位置在日期下面一行左侧正确：(Dear) Mike:(,) •结尾（ENDING）：正确：Truly/ Sincerely yours, Yours truly/ sincerely, Yours, Sincerely, Mike, Hilda（若在一行扣1分）Yours Sincerely（两个单词的首字母都大写扣1分）若名字没写或人名XXX（或Mike/ Hilda）扣1分。

格式需前后一致，如全左或全右，若不符合，扣1分凡不符合上述正确格式或表达均要扣1分最多扣扣2分42. 内容：（占3分）一般包括三部分内容ü写便条的原因ü要告诉的事情ü有关的建议、希望或要求等Note: 少一点扣一分，最多扣3分；需用自己正确的语言表达，若完全抄提示扣一分3. 语法：（占4分）要求语法、词汇正确Note: 眼中语法、句法错误扣1分，一个句子或同类错误扣1分，拼写等小错误两个扣1分，最多扣4分54. 语言得体性：（占1分） 总分在8分及以上时可考虑加此分5. 便条总字数（包括三部分格式在内）要求在50-60 字；不到40 或超过80词扣1分6常见问题v(1) 缺少日期；v(2) Yours 写成Your；v(3) 署名和结束语写在同一行；v(4) 结束语后用冒号或不加逗号；v(5) 署名用XXX或中文；v(6) 署名后加句号；v(7) 字数太少或太多；v(8) 内容不完整；v(9) 语言文体不得当7便条的结构—四个部分v1.对收便条人的称呼(salutation)™该项写在便条的左上方,称呼后用逗号™称呼视熟知程度而定v不太熟悉的: sir, Dear President, Dear Madamev相识的: Dear Mr. Wallish; Dear Dr. Williamsv熟悉的亲友: Dear Mama; My dear Tomv2. 便条的日期(date)™日期写在右上角,可与称呼平齐, 或高一行.只需写月份的缩写和日期v3. 便条的正文(body)™正文是主体,占大部分空间.但其字数有限,独立成段即可.v4. 谦语(complimentary close)™ 该项写在正文之后2-3行处, 位置中偏右.谦称有尊卑亲疏之分, truthfully yours, sincerely yours, faithfully yours8谦语vE.g ①单位、团体或不相识的人：Yours (very) truly, (Very) Faithfully v yours, Sincerely yoursv ②写给长辈或上级：Yours (very) respectfully, Yours Gratefullyv ③熟人或朋友：Yours， Yours everv ④亲人或密友：yours， Ever yours， Yours as ever，As ever， Lovingly， Lovingly yours， With love， Your loving son， (Much) Love, Your most affectionate, Your devoted friend,9date Sept. 10salutationDear Schoolmates,body I’m a four-year student….. . . . . .Complimen-tary close Yours, Charles10便条的分类 v便条按照其功能又可分为：邀请、祝贺、感谢、道歉、举荐、倡议(建议)、申请，告示，通知等。

v英语专业四级考试写作中有可能出现的便条写作内容肯定和学生的生活相关，因而体现出较强的实用性v因为字数要求在50－60字左右，既要求考生必须开门见山，直接进入话题，切忌罗嗦 111. 邀请v邀请函一般应该包括以下内容™A．诚挚邀请对方参加某一活动；™B．概括介绍活动的内容和安排；™C. 再次表示诚意v邀请友人参加晚宴的邀请函 12 May 5，2007Dear Mrs Li， We should be very much pleased if you and Mr．Li would dine with us on Wednesday at 7 o'clock．(诚挚邀请对方参加晚宴) It will be quite a small party, as we have only asked Mr．and Mrs．Anderson and Miss Chang Ling，all close friends of ours．(简单介绍晚宴的内容与参加者)We trust you will be disengaged and able to give us the pleasure of your company．(再次表示诚意) Truly yours， Tom13vWrite on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note about 50-60 words based on the following situation.vYou are Peter/ Mary. You will hold a party at your home on this Saturday’s evening. Write an invitation to invite one of your close friends Victoria to take part in this party.vMarks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.142.接受邀请 v邀请函收信人的反应或是欣然接受，或是表示婉拒。

v 表示接受的便条至少会包括以下内容：A.感谢；B. 确切表示会赴邀15Dear Mr. Tom, May 8, 2007 Please accept our hearty thanks for your kind invitation to your home dinner on Wednesday. Thank you for including us among the limited number of your guests. You may be sure we will join you on that day and we are looking forward to the pleasure of being with you. Yours sincerely, Li Hong表示接受的常用语汇有：We are delighted to accept ...It is with great pleasure ...We are sincerely happy to join you .. 163. 婉拒v拒绝邀请的便条往往包括以下部分：™A 收到邀请；™B 表示感谢；™C 阐述不能赴邀的原因；™D 表示遗憾和良好的祝愿。

17Dear Mr. Tom, May 6, 2003 We are very appreciative of your so warmly including us among your selected guests for Wednesday. Most unfortunately, however, we shall be unable to avail ourselves of your kind invitation on account of a previous engagement for the same day. I have ordered the Xinxin Department Store to deliver you a trifle which please accept as a humble token of our felicitation on the party. With best wishes for a very jolly home diner. Yours sincerely, Li Hong18v表示婉拒的常用语汇有：™I shall have to say no to your kind invitation...™Very regretfully ....™Unfortunately, it will be impossible ...™Because of… we find we cannot...Please write a note to decline an invitation.19vExercise:v1 Your friend Hilda has invited you to a get-together party with some old friends. Write her a note to accept the invitation, stating the time you will get to the party and expressing thanks for her invitation. v2 Your classmate, Jimmy, is head of the university’s swimming club. He has invited you to join the club, but you like some other sport event. Write him a note, declining his invitation and explaining why.20Sample Onev May 1st, 2011vDear Hilda,v It is so kind of you to invite me to the party. Having not seen you and some other old friends for such a long time, I really miss you all. I’ll go to the place right after I finish my work at about 5 p.m. this Friday. Thank you for your invitation again.v Yoursv Lily21vSample Twov May 17th, 2007vDear Jimmy,v Thanks for inviting me to join the swimming club, but I’m afraid that I can’t accept your invitation. I’d like to take the badminton club instead. You see, we don’t have so much spare time and have to make a choice between the two. So I’d better do something that really attracts me. Anyway, thank you all the same.v Yours,v John224. 感谢v感谢信也常常包括三个部分：A.对于收信人的惠助表示感谢；B. 解释感谢的原因或对方的帮助给自己带来的好处；C.再次表示诚挚谢意。

23April 12, 1999Dear Mr. Waltash, I' m sincerely grateful for your generous recommendation. I am now a post-graduate of the History Department of California University and I will begin my study here tomorrow. (表示感谢表示感谢) The Dean of our department, Pro.Hopkins, did read your letter carefully and said he was glad to have a student of yours in his department. Thank you again for your help in recommending me as a post graduate. (再次表示谢意再次表示谢意 ) Yours sincerely, Li Hong24v表示感谢的常用语汇有：™I don' t know how to express my gratitude for you...™I cannot tell you how much I owe you ...™It was thoughtful (more than kind, generous, etc.) of you...™Thank you again for your generosity (hospitality, generous help, etc.)...25vExercise:vYour friend Jane has got the scholarship to Harvard University. Write her a note of congratulation, expressing your high evaluation of her performance and giving her your best wishes.26vSample:v April 3rd,2011vDear Jane,v I’m so glad to learn that you’ve got the scholarship to Harvard University. Please accept my warmest congratulations. You really deserve it because you are such an intelligent and hard-working student. I’ve never doubted your ability to achieve great aims. Congratulations again and all good wishes for your future study.v Yours,v Michelle275. 祝贺v表祝贺的便条有多种，如节日，生日，乔迁，病愈，入学，毕业，就业，比赛，考试等等。

要将祝贺的内容写简练，要掌握几种表祝贺的特殊句型 28 表祝贺常用的句型：表祝贺常用的句型：v I am writing to express my heartiest congratulations on your...v Accept my sincere congratulations from the bottom of my heart on your...v I wish to congratulate you on your finishing high school and entering QingHua University.v I am much delighted to hear/learn you have passed/ won.. v As one of your friends I am very proud of you.v It' s the kind of news I like to hear, because it proves once again a hard-working man always gets ahead. Let me offer my warmest congratulations. I know you are going to be a great success in...29Dear Tom, May 12, 2004I just write to express my heartiest congratulations on your moving into your new house. It is really good news you have at last a house of your own designing, located on a scenic hillside. I can imagine how happy you and your family are. I do wish to call to see you and your new house one of these days. With best wishes to you and your family. Yours sincerely, JerryPlease write a note to congratulate your friend Mary/Peter on her/his graduation from CUMT.30 6. 道歉v由于违约，或做错了事，说错了话，或是因服务不周造成了某种不良后果，当事人必须为此道歉。

表道歉的便条要求写条人的态度一定要诚恳、真实v常见句型： ™I write to apologize for having caused...™ Please accept my apology for...™I am writing to express my apology for.. ™I am sorry for…™I regret I have caused31Dear Wang ling, March 6, 2001 I am terribly sorry you have been fined by the library for not having returned the book on UFO on time. It is all my fault, which caused you so much trouble. I took the book away without letting you know. I am writing to express my apology and I will give you the money the amount you have been fined. I sincerely hope this incident will not destroy our friendship Sincerely yours, Zhang LiangYou borrowed a tape-recorder from your roommate Mary/ Peter. But accidentally you broke it. Please write an apology.32vExercise:vHaving finished your end-of-term exams, you have gone straight home without saying goodbye to your roommate. Write a note explaining the situation to the latter and making an apology for your abrupt departure.33v June 10th, 2011vDear Fred,v I am writing to apologize for the abrupt way I departed just after the exams finished. It was terribly rude of me to have left without saying good-bye to you. The fact is that I was so excited when I learned that I had passed the exams with high marks that I could not wait to get home and tell the good news to my parents. You see, they had been worried about the low grades I had been getting. I’m sure you will understand my feelings. Please accept my sincere apology, and wish you a really happy holiday.347. 申请v申请函的目的可能是申请入学、申请奖学金、申请就业等。

一封申请函必须™表明申请的目的，™申请的原因以及™对自身信况的介绍．v以下是一封求职信，信件的™第一段表明写信的目的：求职™信的第二段介绍自己的经验和资质，™信的第三段再次表明希望获得机会，并提供具体的联系方式35 April 20, 2008Dear Sirs:I have learned from the newspaper that there is a vacancy for a teacher of English during the summer vacation. I wish to be considered as an applicant for the position. Enclosed is my resume. I would be greatly grateful if you would grant me a chance for an interview. Respectfully yours, Amelia368 告示, 公告,通知v将某一特殊事情以告示或通知的形式，及时告知有关人员。

v告示或通知有一定的格式，要言简意赅，事件，时间，地点要交代清楚37NOTICE May 4, 2004Dear schoolmates, As part of the activities of Project Hope, we will organize several groups of students of different specialities to help the pupils with their studies in the western part of our country from July 14 to August 20. Those who are voluntary to offer their helpshould enroll their names to the Students' Union before June 27. We believe these volunteers will also benefit a lot from this activity.Students' Union38Voluntary Blood DonationDear fellow students, May 4. 2004 It is advocated the students of this university voluntarily donate blood to the Red Cross. Blood donation is a kind of charity, which is not only beneficial to the society but to the donators themselves. Giving is receiving. Today we help the others; tomorrow we may be helped by the others. Those who are ready to join the line go to the university clinic before 8:00 a.m. , May 22.Students' UnionAn English Corner will be held on this Saturday evening. Please write a notice to inform students who are interested in it.39vLost and foundv LostvGentlemen,v I took the last bus (No. 406) home last night and got off at Zhejiang University. After arriving home, I noticed that I had left my bag on the bus. It is a black bag made of leather with a zipper. Inside are some books, a bunch of keys and my photos.v If you happen to find the above bag, would you kindly let me know about it?v My address: Room 321, Dormitory Building Eight, DMUv My phone number: 4718123v Loser, v Ameliav April 18, 200940v Foundv I happened to find a bag on the playground yesterday afternoon, in which there are some books, a pencil box and a watch. The loser is expected to come to the office of Foreign Language Department to claim it. The phone number is 4729646.v Finder, v Ameliav April 18, 200941vExercise:vBecause of your carelessness you lost your school bag in the library. Write a “Lost” note for it. You are supposed to be Wang Hai42v A School Bag Lostv In the third-floor reading of library, Saturday, June 14, I lost a school bag carelessly, which is blue in color with two books named Wuthering Heights and Catch-22, one library card, and one black folding umbrella in it.v If you happen to find the above bag, would you kindly let me know about it?v My address: Room 208, Dormitory 3v My phone number: 13622088802v Loser, Wang Haiv June 15th43vcomplaintv　a．抱怨投诉行为 b．投诉内容具体描述 v　c．要求弥补纠正赔偿 v　d．抱怨投诉者对弥补纠正赔偿等的敦促或威胁 v　　套句： v　　行为描述I’m writing to bring your attention to the problems I have had with … v　　Here’s the problem… v　　解决方式的要求：It would be very kind( considerate) of you to…address this problem soon. / take steps to rectify this situation soon. / turn it down a little? / v敦促或威胁: Frankly, I really can’t put up with the situation any more. You must rectify the situation, or I will take it to the court. / If you can’t give me a satisfactory answer, I will complain it to the Consumer Association.44v1.投诉内容。

一般放在信的开头常用的表达法有：I am writing to you about... which I received/bought ...I am going to complain about ...I am sorry to have to return with this letter... which I received/bought...　2.投诉原因一般讲述对商品质量或售后服务不满意的地方常用的表达法有：When we checked..., we noticed...vWhen I took... out of the bag and examined... closely, I found...When I unpacked... and tried to use it, it did not work.3.希望得到的结果常用的表达法有：Please let me know what you intend to do in this matter.I am returning... under separate post and look forward to receiving a full refund of...In view of the inconvenience that this has caused, I feel you should... 45vApril 18，2009vDear Sir or Madam,v I went to your store to buy a Radio watch last Sunday. When I mentioned the high price, the No. 5 saleswoman replied in a sarcastic tone, “You can go ahead and buy a cheap fake from other stores”. She didn’t know how to treat a prospective buyer. I hope you can improve your service and give me a face-to-face apology. My telephone number is 010-12345567.v Sincerely yours,v Amelia46vExercise:vSuppose you bought a woolen scarf(围巾) by mail order but later found a hole in it. Write a letter of complaint to describe that matter and require settlement. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead47Sample:To whom it may concern/Dear Sir,v　The woolen scarf I bought by mail order from your company arrived on time the day before yesterday. But when I checked it, I found a hole in the middle. I was astonished because the hole was obvious and I did not think you should neglect this deficiency when you delivered it. I have dialed your service number for several times and it was always busy.v　Now this problem keeps worrying me. Can you change a new one for me as soon as possible? How shall I send this scarf back to you? Thanks for your consideration.v　I am looking forward to your early reply.v　Yours faithfully,v　Li Ming48。