专四语法讲解(状语从句)ppt课件.ppt

副词性（状语）从句Adverbial Clausen副词在句中起状语作用，故如果起状语作用的部分为一个句子，那么该句便是副词性从句，也称状语从句状语从句可细分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、方式等n状语从句的测试重点为：考查对主从句之间逻辑意义关系的把握，看其是否能选择正确的从属连词1.让步状语从句 AdverbialClauseofConcessionn让步状语从句：除了2000，2007，2011年没考，其他年份都考过n由下列连接词引导：though, although, even if / though； as；while； for all (that) (虽然，尽管）; no matter how/ what / when / where, however, whatever等neg.WhileIdisapproveofwhatyousay,Iwoulddefendtothedeathyourrighttosayit.n虽然我不赞成你所说的话，我还是要拼命维护你这样说的权利nExhaustedthough/asshewas,therewasnohopeofherbeingabletosleep.nHoweverwiseapersonis,hewillmakesomemistakes.真题讲解n1._thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.(09,54)nA.WhateverB.WhenevernC.WhicheverD.HowevernAn2._hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.(08,55)nA.MuchenoughB.MuchasnC.AsmuchD.ThoughmuchnBn3._dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.(06,51)nA.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.HowevernDn4._,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.(05,52)nA.AlthoughheisasocialistnB.EvenifheisasocialistnC.BeingasocialistD.SinceheisasocialistnAn5._,Illmarryhimallthesame.(04,52)nA.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoornC.WereherichorpoorD.BeherichorpoornDn6.Whethermybrother_rightorwrong,hewillhavemyunwaveringsupport.(01,62)nA.isB.wereC.beD.wouldbenCn7._Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.(03,59)nA.AsmuchasB.SomuchnC.HowmuchD.MuchasnDn8.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(02,58)nA.whoB.asC.thatD.likenB9._Isympathize,Icantreallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.(01,56)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even C10.Fool_Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(10,55)A.whoB.asC.likeD.that B2.条件状语从句 AdverbialClauseofCondition n引导词除if外，还有unless, in case, if only ., only if ., provided / providing (that), assuming (that), so / as long as, on condition that, suppose / supposing (that), in the event that; nwhether or not 可表示选择条件句。

neg.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeetingprovidedyoudontmindtakingthenighttrain.nAssumingheisdiligentinhisstudiesatordinarytimes,heissuretopassthetest.nIn the event thatshehasnotbeeninformed,Iwilltellher.(如果)nYoucangoswimmingon condition thatyoudontgotoofarfromtheriverbank.(如果)nSuppose itrained,wewouldstillgo.(假如)nSayitweretrue,whatwouldyoudoaboutit?(假如)n从句的省略当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，并且从句谓语含有be时，可以将从句主语和be一起省略 这被称为带连词的无动词状语从句n如：nAlthough(heis)veryyoung,heworksashardasanadult.nThechildisneverpeevishunless(heis)sick.真题讲解n1.Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,_thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.(05,64)nA.onoccasionB.onpurposenC.onconditionD.onlyifnCn2.Ifnot_withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.(04,55)nA.beingtreatedB.treatednC.betreatedD.havingbeentreatednBn3._bothsidesaccepttheagreement_alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.(04,60)nA.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldnC.Should,willD.Unless,wouldnAn4._thatthedemandforgasolinecontinuestoriseatthecurrentrate,itwillnotbelongbeforeitspricerocketstoaterriblyhighlevel.(04,64)nA.AscertainingB.AssumingnC.ConcerningD.RegardingnBn5.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_leftuntreated.(00,42)A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unlessnB 3.时间状语从句 AdverbialClauseofTimen（1）when,while;after;before;as;assoonas;once;until;whenever等引导的时间状语从句neg.Myhusbandwasdoingwashingathomewhile Iwasoutshopping.nTheracingcarwentoutofcontrol beforeithitthebarrier.nThenewregulationdoesnotgointoeffectuntilthefirstofMarch.n（2）Hardly/Scarcely.when;Nosoonerthanneg.Hehadhardlyhadtimetosettledownwhenhesoldthehouseandleftthecountry.nHehadno soonerreturned thanheboughtafinehouse.n（3）theminute/moment/day,thefirst/second/lasttime,each/every/nexttimeneg.Newsuppliescamethe dayourfuelranout.nThemachinestartsthe momentthebuttonispressed.nOurgreatestgloryconsistsnotinneverfalling,butinrisingevery timewefall.n我们最值得骄傲的不在于从不摔跤，而在于每次摔跤后都能站起来。

n4)since“自从”，从句用非延续动词，主句完成时态neg.SinceshewenttoNewYork,herfatherhasnotheardfromher.n(5)副词directly,immediately,instantly,now引导时间从句,相当于assoonasneg.Thepolicemenwentintoactiondirectlytheyheardthealarm.nImmediatelyhisintentionsareunderstood,hemayleave.nIrecognizedherinstantlyIsawher.真题举例n1. The couple had no sooner got to the station _ the coach left. (09, 60)nA. when B. as C. until D. thannDn2. I enjoyed myself so much _ I visited my friends in Paris last year. (08, 56)nA. when B. which C. that D. wherenA4.原因状语从句 AdverbialclauseofCause/Reason n常用引导词since, as, because, in that, 等n(1)in that引导原因从句时,有时翻译成“是因为”、“就在于”。

如:nAdvertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunicationin thattheadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.nCriticismandself-criticismisnecessaryin thatithelpsustofindandcorrectourmistakes.n(2)now that表示 “既然” ; seeing that, considering表示“鉴于”、“考虑到”如:nNow thatwehaveallthematerialready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce.nHedidpoorlyintheexaminations, consideringhowhardhehadtriedforthem.nSeeing thatsheislawfullyoldenoughtogetmarried,Idontthinkyoucanstopher.n其他引导原因状语从句的连接词语还有:forthe(simple)reasonthat,byreasonthat,onthegroundsthat等。

真题举例n1.Mendifferfromanimals_theycanthinkandspeak.(08,54)nA.forwhichB.forthatnC.inthatD.inwhichnCn2。