2000-2012年历年考研英语真题答案打印版.pdf

2012考研英语(一)真题参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D onANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently.The courtcannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the mle of law _2_ justices behave like politicians.Yet,in severalinstances,justices acted in ways that _3_ the courfs reputation for being independent and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia,fbr example,appeared at political events.That kind of activity makes it less likelythat the courts decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments.Part of the problem is that the justices are not_5_by an ethics code.At the very least,the court should make itself _6_to the code of conduct that _7_to therest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases _8_the question of whether there is still a _9_between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law _10_having authority apart from politics.They gavejustices permanent positions _ll_they would be free to _12_ those in power and have no need to _13_ politicalsupport.Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely_14_.Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social _15_ likeliberty and property.When the court deals with social policy decisions,the law it _16_ is inescapablypolitical-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily _17_ as unjust.The justices must _18_ doubts about the courts legitimacy by making themselves _19_ to the code ofconduct.That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and,_20_,convincing aslaw.1.Aemphasize Bmaintain Cmodify D recognize2.Awhen Blest Cbefbre D unless3.Arestorcd Bweakened Cestablished D eliminated4.Achallenged Bcompromised Csuspected D accepted5.Aadvanced Bcaught Cbound Dfounded6.Aresistant Bsubject Cimmune Dprone7.Aresorts Bsticks Cloads Dapplies8.Aevade Braise Cdeny Dsettle9.Aline Bbarrier Csimilarity Dconflict10.Aby Bas Cthough Dtowards11.Aso Bsince Cprovided Dthough12.Aserve Bsatisfy Cupset Dreplace13.Aconfirm Bexpress Ccultivate Dofler14.Aguarded Bfollowed Cstudied Dtied15.Aconccpts Btheories Cdivisions Dconceptions16.Aexcludes Bquestions Cshapes Dcontrols17.Adismissed Breleased Cranked Ddistorted18.Asuppress Bexploit Caddress Dignore19.Aaccessible Bamiable Cagrceablc Daccountable20.Aby all mesns Batall costs Cin a word Das a resultSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark youranswers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Come on-Everybodys doing it.That whispered message,half invitation and half forcing,is what most ofus think of when we hear the words peer pressure.It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.But in her new book Join the Club,Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive forcethrough what she calls the social cure,in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics tohelp individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg,the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,offers a host of example of the social cure in action:In SouthCarolina,a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettesuncool.In South Africa,an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promotesafe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising,and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.Her critique of the lameness of manypubic-health campaigns is spot-on:they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits,and they demonstratea seriously flawed understanding of psychology.Dare to be different,please dont smoke!”pleads onebillboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers,who desire nothing more thanfitting in.Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers,soskilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure,Rosenberg is less persuasive.Join the Club is filledwith too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peerpressure so powerful.The most glaring flaw of the social cure as its presented here is that it doesnt work verywell for very long.Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut.Evidence that the LoveLifeprogram produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.Theres no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior.An emerging body ofresearch shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends viasocial communication.This is a subtle form of peer pressure:we unconsciously imitate the behavior we seeevery day.Far less certain,however,is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steertheir activi。