英语时态直观图(总27页).doc

英语时态直观图一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在: do/does sth. be ~标志：习惯，状态，客观，计划现在进行：be doing1.频度状语:always,continually,really,actually,only,simply,merely,constantly,for ever, all the time;2.表将来come,go,leave,start,arrive现在完成：have/has done1.可接不具体明确时间状语：just,already,yet,sometimes,always,often,beforeLately,recently,once,twice,ever,never;2.含现在的时状：this morning,today,now,this week,this month 3.it’s time 4. 动作反复现在完成进行：have/has been doing1.延续性多次过去某一刻开始到现在：all this morning,these few days,all night,this month,recently;since,for(状短/从);2.表重复（终止性）buy过去一般过去：did sth. was/were ~1.具体时状：~ ago, last ~, in 1990, during, in those days，yesterday；2.want/wonder/think/hope(表委婉)3.It’s time~; I wish~; I’d rather + that过去进行：was/were doing1.过去一直；与某时同时发生：when/while;2.感情色彩：always,constantly,continually,forever3. want/wonder/think/hope(表委婉)过去完成：had done1.过去某时前某事前：by/before+过时；when/before/than+过时；(过去时间前提)2.when,as soon as,as~as,before,until,now that (动作早于主句动作，表原因先后)3.未实现愿望；4.no sooner~than~Hardlywhen过去完成进行：had been doing1.过去时间为前提；by/before+过时2.与表“突然”意义的when从句连用：She had been looking at the photo for a long time when she realized it was ~.将来一般将来：shall/will/be going to do1.表将来的时状，时状从；2.shall/will表意愿，决心和允诺3.条从主句表将来意愿；4.be going to最近、具体will长期、泛将来进行：shall/will be doing1.表事情计划正常发展；（不表意愿打算）2.will be doing表揣想大概现在： He will be watching TV now.3.表婉转有礼貌的询问和请求。

Will you be lending me ～将来完成：shall/will have done1.by/before+未来时状从和条状从；2.对某一业已完成的动作或事推测；You will have received an invitation to the wedding.你也会收到参加婚礼的请帖过去将来一般过去将来：would/should do1.带时状的从句或间接引语（主句谓语是过去时态）；My brother told me that he would be back on Saturday.过去将来进行：would/should be ving1.表计划正常发展，宾从，定从，状从和间接引语；（不表意愿和打算）The country he would be leaving for was Singapore.Verb Tense Overview with ExamplesSimple Presentdo/does sth. be ~Present Continuousbe doingPresent Perfecthave/has donePresent Perfect Continuoushave/has been doingI study English everyday.I am studying English now.I have studied English in several different countries.I have been studying English for ten years.Simple Pastdid sth. was/were ~Past Continuouswas/were doingPast Perfecthad donePast Perfect Continuoushad been doingTwo years ago, I studied English in AmericaI was studying English whenyou called yeaterday.I had studied a little English before I moved to the U.S.I had been studying English for ten years before I moved to the U.S.Simple Futureshall/will/be going to doFuture Continuousshall/will be doingFuture Perfectshall/will have doneFuture Perfect ContinuousIf you are having problems, I will help you study English.I’m going to study English next year.I will be studying english when you arrive tonight.I’m going to be studying English when you arrive tonight.I will have studied every tense by the time I finish this course.I’m going to have studied every tense by the time I finish this course.I will have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive.I’m going to have been studying English for over three hours by the time you arrive.语法句法词法词汇的分类（10种）各种词类的用法词类和句子的关系名词动词副词形容数词连词代词介词冠词感叹词虚词实词时态，语态，语气句子的类型1（4类）句子的类型2（4类）从句的类型（3类）定语从句（2种）名词性从句（4种）状语从句（9种）非谓语动词（4类）16种时态2种语态3种语气时一般进行完成完成进行现在▲▲▲过去▲★★将来▲过将▲主动被动陈述祈使虚拟简单句并列句复合句并列复合句根据结构根据目的陈述句疑问句感叹句祈使句限制定语从句: 对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。

非限制性定语从句: 对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略主语从句在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放主句之后表语从句在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于系动词之后宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词同位语从句放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact等) 表明其具体内容非谓语形式构成特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构不定式to doto be doingto have doneto be doneto have been done在非谓语前加notfor sb. to do sth.具有名词，副词和形容词的作用在句中做主、宾、定、表和状语分词现在分词doinghaving donebeing donehaving been done具有副词和形容词的作用在句中做定、表、宾补和状语过去分词done动名词doinghaving donebeing donehaving been donesb’s doing具有名词的作用在句中做主、宾、定和表语时间状语结果状语地点状语比较状语原因状语方式状语条件状语让步状语目的状语主语：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句；谓语：动词或动词短语；情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形；系动词加表语；宾语：名词，代词，数词，名词化形容词，不定式短语，宾语从句，动名词短语；宾补：名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当；表语：名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句；定语：形容词，分词，名词，代词，介词短语，动名词，不定式短语高考语法越狱地形结构图Seat be seatedSit sit downPlay Tang SengLoud形容词+名词副词+动词/形容词/副词AnnoyedAngry/crossBe blue in the facePay attention toGive attention toFocus attention ondraw attentionattract one’s attentionI can’t bear it.She is bearing a babyI was born in 1998bear bore bornon businessexchange business card行片Rudenesturn aroun。