runonsentenceandsentencefragments.ppt

run-on sentence &&sentence fragments2021/8/141Sentence fragments1.定义定义2.识别识别3.改正方法改正方法run-on sentence1. 定义定义2. 分类分类3. 改正方法改正方法2021/8/142run-on sentence1 1、定义：、定义：run-on sentencerun-on sentence：连写句：连写句指错误地将两个独立分句合写在一个句指错误地将两个独立分句合写在一个句子里面，没有正确地用标点或连词加子里面，没有正确地用标点或连词加以分离2021/8/1432 2、分类、分类: : 逗号使用错误和无标点句是中国学逗号使用错误和无标点句是中国学生写作中由于受汉语的影响而普遍出现的问生写作中由于受汉语的影响而普遍出现的问题 逗号使用错误相当于中文写作中常逗号使用错误相当于中文写作中常出现的出现的““一逗到底一逗到底””的现象，这种现象在英的现象，这种现象在英文写作中是不允许的文写作中是不允许的 无标点则表现为完整的句子之间没无标点则表现为完整的句子之间没有标点符号连接。

有标点符号连接2021/8/144 因此我们可以将因此我们可以将run-on sentence run-on sentence 分为逗号错误和溶合句分为逗号错误和溶合句1)(1)逗号错误逗号错误(comma splice):(comma splice):使用逗号但没有并列连词将两个独立分句写使用逗号但没有并列连词将两个独立分句写在一个句子里在一个句子里 Form: Independent clause, independent Form: Independent clause, independent clause.clause.e.g:e.g:The old man listened with a puzzled The old man listened with a puzzled expression, he held an unlit cigar in expression, he held an unlit cigar in his delicate fingers.his delicate fingers.2021/8/145(2)(2)溶合句溶合句(fused sentence)(fused sentence)：： 根本不使用标点把两个独立分句合写在根本不使用标点把两个独立分句合写在一个句子里。

一个句子里Form: Independent clause independent Form: Independent clause independent clause.clause.e.g:e.g:The old man listened with a puzzled The old man listened with a puzzled expression he held an unlit cigar in expression he held an unlit cigar in his delicate fingershis delicate fingers2021/8/1463 3、常用改正方法、常用改正方法：①①句号连接、分句独立成完整的句子（起强句号连接、分句独立成完整的句子（起强调作用）调作用）②②逗号逗号+ +并列连词（分句并列，常用连词为并列连词（分句并列，常用连词为for, and, nor, but ,or ,yet ,so ,for, and, nor, but ,or ,yet ,so ,可记可记忆为忆为fanboys fanboys ））③③分号分号+ +连接副词（分句并列）连接副词（分句并列）④④分号（分句并列）分号（分句并列）⑤⑤主要分句作主句，其它分句变成从属结构主要分句作主句，其它分句变成从属结构（从句或词组，强调主句所表达的意义，（从句或词组，强调主句所表达的意义，弱化从属结构所表达的意义）弱化从属结构所表达的意义）2021/8/147 Examples: Examples: Tom put a match to the papers, the pile Tom put a match to the papers, the pile burst into flames.(comma fault)burst into flames.(comma fault)Tom put a match to the papers the pile Tom put a match to the papers the pile burst into flames. (fused sentence)burst into flames. (fused sentence)Corrections:Corrections:• 1. 1.句号连接变成两个独立分句句号连接变成两个独立分句Tom put a match to the papers. The pile Tom put a match to the papers. The pile burst into flames.burst into flames.2021/8/148• 2. 2.逗号逗号+ +并列连词并列连词Tom put a match to the papers, and the Tom put a match to the papers, and the pile burst into flames.pile burst into flames.• 3. 3.分号分号+ +连接副词连接副词Tom put a match to the papers; then the Tom put a match to the papers; then the pile burst into flames.pile burst into flames.• 4. 4.使用分号使用分号Tom put a match to the papers; the pile Tom put a match to the papers; the pile burst into flamesburst into flames2021/8/149• 5. 5.把其中的一个变成从句把其中的一个变成从句When Tom put a match to the papers, the When Tom put a match to the papers, the pile burst into flames.pile burst into flames.• 6. 6.把其中的一个分句变成词组把其中的一个分句变成词组Tom having put a match to the papers, Tom having put a match to the papers, the pile burst into flames.the pile burst into flames.2021/8/1410sentence fragmentssentence fragments1 1、定义、定义：：sentence fragments:sentence fragments:句子碎片，不完整句子碎片，不完整句句 一般是指某句子看上去样子像个句子，一般是指某句子看上去样子像个句子，但它从语法上讲并不是一个句子，是但它从语法上讲并不是一个句子，是模仿真的句子的假句子。

模仿真的句子的假句子2021/8/14112 2、识别：、识别： 一个完整的句子最基本的要素就是主语一个完整的句子最基本的要素就是主语(a (a subject)subject) + +动词动词(a verb)+(a verb)+完整意思完整意思(a (a complete thought)complete thought)1 1）观察句子是否有主语（）观察句子是否有主语（subject)subject)；；2 2）观察句子是否有谓语）观察句子是否有谓语(verb)(verb)；；3 3）观察句子开头是否用从属连词）观察句子开头是否用从属连词(subordinating conjunction)(subordinating conjunction)或关系代词或关系代词(relative pronoun(relative pronoun）来保证句子意思完整来保证句子意思完整2021/8/1412三者缺一即为不完整句子三者缺一即为不完整句子ex:ex:• Trapped in the Arctic Ocean.Trapped in the Arctic Ocean.•Whales in the Arctic Ocean.Whales in the Arctic Ocean.•When winter comes early.When winter comes early.2021/8/14133 3、改正：、改正：把句子中缺少的主语，谓语，及其他丢把句子中缺少的主语，谓语，及其他丢失的元素补上失的元素补上•Many whales were trapped in the Many whales were trapped in the Arctic OceanArctic Ocean•Whales live in the Arctic Whales live in the Arctic Ocean.Ocean.•When winter comes early, ice When winter comes early, ice sometimes traps whales in the sometimes traps whales in the Arctic Ocean.Arctic Ocean.2021/8/1414ex:ex:(a) I opened the door. Expecting to see (a) I opened the door. Expecting to see my brother standing on the porch.my brother standing on the porch.正确：正确：I opened the door, expecting to I opened the door, expecting to see my brother standing on the porch.see my brother standing on the porch.(b) With a sudden loud bang and a (b) With a sudden loud bang and a shower of multicolored sparks. The shower of multicolored sparks. The mixture exploded.mixture exploded.正确：正确：With a sudden loud bang and a With a sudden loud bang and a shower of multicolored sparks, the shower of multicolored sparks, the mixture exploded.mixture exploded.2021/8/1415（（c c））While Donald was checking his While Donald was checking his trapline. He saw an enormous black trapline. He saw an enormous black bearbear（两个独立句子，前句意思不完整，需与（两个独立句子，前句意思不完整，需与后句联系在一起）后句联系在一起）正确：正确：While Donald was checking his While Donald was checking his trapline, he saw an enormous black bear.trapline, he saw an enormous black bear.I have a lovely carved wooden box. Which a I have a lovely carved wooden box. Which a friend brought me from India.friend brought me from India.（两个独立（两个独立句子，后句意思不完整，需与前句联系在一起）句子，后句意思不完整，需与前句联系在一起）正确：正确：I have a lovely carved wooden box, I have a lovely carved wooden box, which a friend brought me from India.which a friend brought me from India.2021/8/1416THANK YOU！2021/8/1417部分资料从网络收集整理而来，供大家参考，感谢您的关注！。