高考英语高中英语基础写作ppt课件.ppt

基础写作基础写作1.基础写作的命题特点：基础写作的命题特点： 考生按所给的内容及要求，用考生按所给的内容及要求，用5个规范的英语句子描述所个规范的英语句子描述所给信息的全部内容，并组成连贯的短文给信息的全部内容，并组成连贯的短文 简而言之，考查考生整理信息和组词造句成文的能力简而言之，考查考生整理信息和组词造句成文的能力题型题型题量题量赋分赋分时间（分钟）时间（分钟）基础写作基础写作1 1151510102 基础写作的评分标准？12 34句子内容的完整性完整性(Completeness)句子结构的正确性正确性(correctness)句子结构的复杂性复杂性(Variety)句子内容的连贯性连贯性(Coherence)3二. 基础写作基本步骤4基础写作基础写作步骤审审抓抓扩扩连连改改抄抄抄改连扩抓审审写作写作5基础写作步骤一、审题理清文字信息判断文章格式、人称、要点、时态、6基础写作步骤二、抓要点确定主要行为用一两个词或短语 写出每句的要点7基础写作步骤三、扩展成句形成基本语义单位用一些简单句、不同句型、不同句式或高级词汇将要点扩展成句8基础写作步骤四、连句成文 时间 空间 细节 连贯 呼应背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）、逻辑关系、开头与结尾、巧用连接词和过渡句9书面表达六步法五、查错改错要尽量剔除错误如要点齐全、句法、语法有无问题；单词拼写、大小写和标点符号；句数10基础写作步骤六、誊写卷面要工整11模板1：观点对比 The topic about … is becoming more and more popular in our school recently.There are two sides of opinion about it. Some students prefer to consider doing sth.(Some students say … is their favorite.) they think that… (理由一).What’s more, …(理由二).　Moreover, … (理由三) However, others believe … is a better choice for three reasons. (然而，其余的人认为做某事是一种较好的选择，有三个方面的理由) To begin with, … (理由一). Next, … …(理由二). In addition, …(理由三) From my point of view, the former is surely a wise choice. The reason is that…(或者用：As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that…(依我来看，我坚决支持这种观点… that引导同位语从句)12Find out the mistakes if any:Find out the mistakes if any: 1.There are 40%of the students think that the English teacher have a class 1.There are 40%of the students think that the English teacher have a class interesting and lively.interesting and lively. 40% of the students think that the English teachers should have their 40% of the students think that the English teachers should have their classes interesting and lively.classes interesting and lively. 错误诊断：错误诊断：there be 句型使用错误句型使用错误. 中国式英语中国式英语132.The teachers are young 、friendly and funny in our school have 28% students welcome them. 28% of the students welcome the teachers who are young 、friendly and humorous. 错误诊断：错误诊断： 多谓语现象多谓语现象 中国式英语中国式英语 143.Many of the students like the teacher … Some of them like the teacher … Some like the teacher can know… And some like the teacher… 错误诊断：不能笼统地用错误诊断：不能笼统地用many,some 来说明，要用数据来说明。

来说明，要用数据来说明15 4.28% students think teacher must have young、friendly 、humour. 28% of students think the teachers must be young 、friendly 、humorous. 错误诊断：百分比和名词之间要用错误诊断：百分比和名词之间要用of, of之后的之后的 名词要有名词要有the have 的用法的用法 词性错误词性错误165.And had 20% of students like the teacher kindness to everyone. 错误诊断错误诊断：：have的用法错误的用法错误17写说明文写说明文, ,时态要用时态要用现在时现在时, ,注意句子结构注意句子结构, ,尤其是主句尤其是主句, ,从句结构要清晰从句结构要清晰, ,复杂复杂, ,主句主句, ,状语状语部分要用恰当部分要用恰当, ,不要逐句翻译不要逐句翻译. .如果写介绍性质的文章如果写介绍性质的文章, ,如如: :地名地名, ,院校等写作顺序建议如下院校等写作顺序建议如下: : 地面气城著地面气城著( (地名地名) ) 地史班科著地史班科著( (院校院校) )18地地 面面 气气 城城 著著建议运用句型，语法，词法高分建议运用句型，语法，词法高分tips1. 地点状语地点状语,+主句主句（分词结构做状语）（分词结构做状语）Located in…, ×××is one of….2．面积．面积+人口人口 /历史（历史（with结构做结构做定语）定语）It covers a total area of…with a population of…/ with a history of…3．气候特征（注意表示天气变化．气候特征（注意表示天气变化的形容词）的形容词）There is a variety of climate (warm, dry, humid, cold，，sunny, stormy, rainy…)4. 历史，文化名城历史，文化名城（恰当运用定语从句）（恰当运用定语从句）……,in which ×××5. 著名特殊之处著名特殊之处(注意词组的润色注意词组的润色)××× is famous for…/ The special character of ××× is … 19我校是一所省重点中学，我校是一所省重点中学， 位于县城的北部。

校园很美位于县城的北部校园很美,绿树成荫绿树成荫 Nortth of xinxing lies our school, which is a key school of xin xing. It is beautiful, surrounded with many trees/with many trees.Translate the sentences:20一、高考考纲中对基础写作的要求一、高考考纲中对基础写作的要求 第一节：基础写作（共第一节：基础写作（共1小题，满分小题，满分15分）分） 请根据以下的情景说明，使用请根据以下的情景说明，使用5个规范的英语句子描述全部所给的信息内容个规范的英语句子描述全部所给的信息内容 [情景说明情景说明]下表是对某学校食堂服务调查情况：下表是对某学校食堂服务调查情况：1、学校食堂的优点：食堂干净；饭菜可口；服务态度好学校食堂的优点：食堂干净；饭菜可口；服务态度好2、学校食堂的不足之处：价格偏高；种类偏少；等候时间较长学校食堂的不足之处：价格偏高；种类偏少；等候时间较长3、建议：尽快解决问题建议：尽快解决问题。

假设你是李华，请就本校食堂服务假设你是李华，请就本校食堂服务(canteen service)的状况给校长写一封信，反映以上问的状况给校长写一封信，反映以上问题 21[写作要求写作要求] 1、必须使用、必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容个句子介绍全部所给的内容; 2、将、将5个句子组织成连贯的短文个句子组织成连贯的短文; 3、信的开头和结尾已给出、信的开头和结尾已给出,不包括在不包括在5个句子内个句子内 [评分标准评分标准] 1、句子结构的复杂度和准确度；、句子结构的复杂度和准确度； 2、短文内容的完整性和连贯性短文内容的完整性和连贯性22二、基础写作的解题思路及步骤二、基础写作的解题思路及步骤 1、认真审题，明确要求认真审题，明确要求 审题时要注意以下几点：审题时要注意以下几点： 1）写出的短文必须是）写出的短文必须是5个句子，不能多也不能少；个句子，不能多也不能少； 2）必须是连贯的短文，而且要求句子结构准确、复杂；）必须是连贯的短文，而且要求句子结构准确、复杂； 3）短文必须包括全部信息内容，不能遗漏任何一点；）短文必须包括全部信息内容，不能遗漏任何一点； 4）确定短文的主题和格式；）确定短文的主题和格式； 主题：学校食堂服务调查情况主题：学校食堂服务调查情况 格式：书信（本文不用考虑）格式：书信（本文不用考虑） 5）确定短文的人称和时态。

确定短文的人称和时态 人称：第一和第二人称人称：第一和第二人称 时态：一般现在时时态：一般现在时232、划分信息块，列出写作要点，明确写作的先后次序划分信息块，列出写作要点，明确写作的先后次序 根据信息内容，本文可划分成根据信息内容，本文可划分成3个信息块，即是写作的要点，按顺序可列为以下点：个信息块，即是写作的要点，按顺序可列为以下点： 1）学校食堂服务的优点：）学校食堂服务的优点： 食堂干净；饭菜可口食堂干净；饭菜可口;服务态度好服务态度好 2）学校食堂服务的不足之处：）学校食堂服务的不足之处： 价格偏高；种类偏少；等候时间较长价格偏高；种类偏少；等候时间较长 3）建议：）建议： 尽快解决问题尽快解决问题 24 3、依据写作要点，草拟提纲。

依据写作要点，草拟提纲 要点要点1：：advantages; be satisfied with; clean and tidy; delicious food; good service. 要点要点2：：disadvantages; be not satisfied with; price; too high; a limited variety of dishes; wait a long time to get the meal. 要点要点3：：solve the problems as soon as possible.注意：这是组织语言、形成短文的基础步骤这一步骤的要求是：根据内容提示简单地列注意：这是组织语言、形成短文的基础步骤这一步骤的要求是：根据内容提示简单地列出提纲，将所需要的语言材料准备好可以只列出主要的词、词组、短语及句型，暂不考出提纲，将所需要的语言材料准备好可以只列出主要的词、词组、短语及句型，暂不考虑动词的时态、语态、人称和数等虑动词的时态、语态、人称和数等25 4、扩展成句，连句成篇扩展成句，连句成篇。

将上述所列出的词、词组、短语等扩展成句注意时态、语态的正确运用将上述所列出的词、词组、短语等扩展成句注意时态、语态的正确运用 1)将要点扩展成句将要点扩展成句 1. We are satisfied with the clean and tidy canteen , the delicious food and the good service. 2. We are not satisfied that the price of the food is a little too high and that we have a limited variety of dishes to choose from. And we have to wait a long time to get the meal. 3. The problems should be solved as soon as possible.262）连句成篇）连句成篇注意根据内容编排，分清层次，确定详略，将写好的单句重新排列组合起来，使之前后连注意根据内容编排，分清层次，确定详略，将写好的单句重新排列组合起来，使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。

同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然，行文流畅我们通常可以贯成一篇完整的文章同时选用恰当的关联词使文章过渡自然，行文流畅我们通常可以采用以下的方法：采用以下的方法：①①为了避免表达重复，使用一句多译法：为了避免表达重复，使用一句多译法：Eg: a)We are satisfied with the clean and tidy canteen , the delicious food and the good service. To our satisfaction, the canteen is clean and tidy, the food is delicious and the service is good. b) And we have to wait a long time to get the meal. And we have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal. c) The problems should be solved as soon as possible. You can solve the problems as soon as possible.27 ②②使用从句表达，使句子结构更复杂。

使用从句表达，使句子结构更复杂 Eg: a) We are not satisfied that the price of the food is a little too high and that we have a limited variety of dishes to choose from. What is not to our satisfaction is that the price of the food is a little too high and that we can have a limited variety of dishes to choose from. b) And we have to wait a long time to get the meal. And we have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal.28③③为了增强短文的连贯性，使表达流畅自然，要巧用关联词请熟记和用好以下的关联词为了增强短文的连贯性，使表达流畅自然，要巧用关联词。

请熟记和用好以下的关联词语：语： A、表并列：、表并列：besides, in addition, what’s more, moreover, or, and, also, too, as well as… B、表转折：、表转折：however, nevertheless, yet… C、表原因：、表原因：because of, thanks to, owing to, due to… D、表结果：、表结果：thus, therefore, as a result… E、表列举：、表列举：namely, for example, for instance, that is to say… F、表结论：、表结论：to conclude, in a word, in brief… G、表时间顺序：、表时间顺序：first, second, then, soon, finally, at last… H、表空间顺序：、表空间顺序：here, there, in front of, at the back of, next to, on one side…, on the other side I、表对称关系：、表对称关系：for one thing, for the other thing, on one hand, on the other hand29④④使用特殊句型，让句子的表达效果更好。

使用特殊句型，让句子的表达效果更好a)使用强调句型使用强调句型Eg: It is English and computer classes that I like best.b)使用感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情使用感叹句可以抒发内心强烈的感情Eg: How time flies!c)使用倒装句，使描写更生动使用倒装句，使描写更生动Eg: Out rushed the children shortly after class.d)with+名词名词+复合宾语句型，增强文章的感染性复合宾语句型，增强文章的感染性My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind.30⑤⑤使用非谓语动词表达，使句子更加生动使用非谓语动词表达，使句子更加生动 用非谓语动词翻译下列句子：用非谓语动词翻译下列句子：a)指着不远处的一位警察，他解释道指着不远处的一位警察，他解释道…… Pointing to a policeman not far away, he explained…b)他们看见阿福带着我的小妹妹游向岸边他们看见阿福带着我的小妹妹游向岸边。

They saw Ah Fu swimming towards the bank carrying my little sister.c)我父母养了一条狗，名叫阿福我父母养了一条狗，名叫阿福 My parents keep a dog called Ah Fu.d)凡参加音乐比赛的同学要听歌曲片段，然后猜出处凡参加音乐比赛的同学要听歌曲片段，然后猜出处 The students taking part in the contest will listen to part of a song and then guess where it comes from.311　　如何在写作中避免句式单一如何在写作中避免句式单一32.Rewrite the sentences 1. They arrived at the school. They felt the happy atmosphere. 2. I will be given another chance. I will succeed.3. He wants to improve his English. He studies hard. 方法一方法一. 使用非谓语动词使句子简洁高档使用非谓语动词使句子简洁高档When they arrived at the school, they felt the happy atmosphere. Arriving at the school, they felt the happy atmosphere.If I am given another chance, I will succeed.Given another chance, I will succeed. In order to improve his English, he studies hard.33方法一方法一. 使用非谓语动词使句子简洁高档使用非谓语动词使句子简洁高档Complete the sentences with non-predicate (非谓语动词非谓语动词)1.听到这个消息听到这个消息,他们变的很激动他们变的很激动. _________the news, they got excited.2. 尽管被告知许多遍尽管被告知许多遍,他仍然重复这个错他仍然重复这个错. __________________many times, he still repeated the mistake. 3.除非被邀请发言除非被邀请发言,你应该在会议上保持沉默你应该在会议上保持沉默. Unless ________to speak, you should keep silent at the meeting.Hearing Having been toldinvited34Translate the following sentences by using non-predicate (非谓语动词非谓语动词)1,1,面对困难时，他从不放弃。

面对困难时，他从不放弃2 2，引入市场后，该产品大获成功引入市场后，该产品大获成功3 3，做完作业后，他回家了，做完作业后，他回家了Faced with/Facing difficulties, he never gives up.Introduced to the market, the product made a great success. Having finished his homework, he returned home.35.方法二方法二. 巧用倒装结构增强句子的表现力巧用倒装结构增强句子的表现力1. He didn’t realize his foolishness until he returned home. Not until2.We can save the earth by changing the way we live. Only 3.He is clever but he does not work hard. as/though4. The clock tower stands on the other side of the street. On the other side of the streetComplete the sentences he returned home did he realize his foolishness.by changing the way we live can we save the earth.Clever he is, he does not work hard.stands the clock tower.36方法二方法二. 巧用倒装结构增强句子的表现力巧用倒装结构增强句子的表现力Translate the sentences by using Inverted Sentences(倒装句倒装句)1. 他从不说关于他家庭的事他从不说关于他家庭的事. 2. 只有我们每个人都意识到水的重要性只有我们每个人都意识到水的重要性, 我们才能生活得更好我们才能生活得更好. 3.只有用这种方式只有用这种方式, 我们才能有足够的精力好好学习我们才能有足够的精力好好学习.Never did he speak about his own family.Only when each of us realizes the importance of water, can we live a better life.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better.37方法二方法二. 巧用倒装结构增强句子的表现力巧用倒装结构增强句子的表现力5.5. 他是个孩子，却知道很多。

他是个孩子，却知道很多6.6. 墙上有个通知，上面写着墙上有个通知，上面写着“请节约用水请节约用水”.Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.On the wall is a notice saying “Please Save Water”. 38vAs soon as Lien Chan and his wife arrived at the airport, they were warmly welcomed .vOn arriving at the airport , Lien Chan and his wife…vLien Chan and his wife were warmly welcomed directly/ the moment they arrived at the airport.vNo sooner had Lien Chan and his wife arrived at the airport than they were …vHardly had Lien Chan and his wife arrived at the airport when they were …39方法三方法三. 尝试多样化表达方式尝试多样化表达方式 In recent years, Beijing has been advancing very fast.All these make people’s lives convenient, pleasant and colorful._____________________________________________ which_____________________________________With the development of ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________so ___ that______________________________________________________In recent years, Beijing has been advancing very fast, makes people’s lives convenient, pleasant… Beijing, people’s lives are becoming more and more convenient, pleasant and colorful. Nowadays, Beijing is developing fast people’s lives are getting more convenient, pleasant and colorful.40句式多样句式多样文章增文章增“靓靓”一一. 使用非谓语动词使句子简洁高档使用非谓语动词使句子简洁高档二二. 巧用倒装增强句子表现力巧用倒装增强句子表现力三三. 尝试多样化表达方式尝试多样化表达方式415、请看下面两篇短文的对比情况：、请看下面两篇短文的对比情况：短文短文1：：Dear Mr. Principal, I’m a senior student of our school. I’d like to say something about the canteen service in our school. We are satisfied with the clean and tidy canteen , the delicious food and the good service.We are not satisfied that the price of the food is a little too high and that we have a limited variety of dishes to choose from. And we have to wait a long time to get the meal.The problems should be solved as soon as possible. Thanks for your consideration. Sincerely yours, Li Hua 42短文短文2：：Dear Mr. Principal, I’m a senior student of our school. I’d like to say something about the canteen service in our school. In general, we are satisfied with the clean and tidy dinning hall, it’s delicious food and the good service. However, what is not to our satisfaction is that the price of the meal is a little too high and that we can only have a limited variety of dishes to choose from. In addition, we often have to stand in line for a long time before we can get the meal. You could understand how precious time it is to us students. Therefore, may I suggest that the problem be solved as soon as possible so that we can all enjoy our meals at school? Thanks for your consideration. Sincerely yours, Li Hua435、全面检查，避免失误。

全面检查，避免失误 主要从以下几方面入手： 1）文体格式是否正确文体格式是否正确 2）人称是否符合要求人称是否符合要求 3）有无单词拼写错误有无单词拼写错误 4）大小写、标点符号是否有错大小写、标点符号是否有错 5）语法是否正确句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、单复数、指代词等））语法是否正确句子的时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、单复数、指代词等） 6）过渡词是否使用自然过渡词是否使用自然 7）要点是否齐全要点是否齐全 8）书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁书写是否工整，卷面是否整洁44三. 基础写作实践45请根据以下资料说明，使用5个句子描述全部所给的信息内容v1、标题：Top Meal of the Dayv2、必须使用五个句子介绍全部所给的内容v3、将五个句子组织成连贯的短文v原因：晚上学习太晚，不吃早餐可以多睡一会v结果：上课总想睡觉注意力下降考试成绩不理想v建议：早餐不可少，它提供全天所需的能量的30%， 青少年健康应从早餐抓起461.Some students study late into the night.2.They choose to miss breakfast so that they can have a few extra minutes in bed.3.As a result, they tend to be sleepy all day. They have bad memories. 4.It is hard for them to get high marks in all kinds of exams. 5.As a matter of fact/In fact, morning meal plays an important part in our daily life.6. It can provide 30% of the whole day’s energy.7. We students should start with a regular breakfast.47v二、二、Top Meal of the DayvSome students, who study late into the night, choose to miss breakfast so that they can have a few extra minutes in bed. As a result, they tend to feel sleepy all day and have bad memories, so it s hard for them to get high marks in all kinds of tests. In fact, the morning meal plays an important part in our daily life. It can provide 30% of the whole day’s energy. For a creative mind and better judgment school students should start their day with a regular breakfast.48。