(通用版)高考英语二轮复习 专题4 语法填空 421 动词的时态和语态与主谓一致课件 新人教版 课件.ppt

第二部分题型应对策略 题型一提示类填空 第1讲动词的时态和语态与主谓一致,动词在7个提示词中所占的比重最大, 一般4个; 以考查动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词为主 若句中没有别的谓语动词, 或者虽然已有谓语动词, 但需填的动词与之是并列关系时, 所给动词就是谓语动词, 则需要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致, 有时还需考虑虚拟语气技法1提示词为动词时, 确定时态的四根据,1. 【解析】have made考查时态根据时间状语over the years可知本句用现在完成时 2. 【解析】recommended考查时态根据and可知所填词语与前面的shared构成并列谓语结构, 故填recommended3. 【解析】declared考查时态根据从句的谓语动词had no plan以及上下文的时态可知要用一般过去时态 4. 【解析】was driving根据固定句型: was/were doing sth. + when. . . , 可知, 应用过去进行时技法点金】 1. 认清常考时态的标志性时间状语 (1)一般现在时: 看到every time, now and then, often, sometimes, usually, occasionally, always, seldom等时间状语, 要想到用一般现在时。

2)一般过去时: 看到yesterday, last year, in 2015, the other day, two days ago, 一段时间+later 等时间状语, 要想到用一般过去时3)一般将来时: 看到tomorrow, next year, in a week, in the future, right away, soon, tonight等时间状语, 要想到用一般将来时4)现在进行时: 看到all the time, at this moment, at present, always, continually, constantly等时间状语, 要想到用现在进行时5)现在完成时: 看到since, recently, lately, already, in the last/past few days, so far, up to now, till now, for+时间段, it is the first time. . . 等标志词, 要想到用现在完成时6)过去完成时: 看到by then, by the end of. . . , by that time, it was the first time. . . 等标志词, 要想到用过去完成时。

2. 牢记常见固定句式中的时态 (1)was/were doing. . . when+一般过去时 (2)was / were about to do. . . when+一般过去时 (3)had (just) done. . . when+一般过去时 (4)Hardly +had +主语+done. . . when+一般过去时,(5)No sooner +had+主语+done. . . when+一般过去时 (6)This/That/It is the +序数词+time +that+现在完成时 (7)This/That/It was the +序数词+time +that+过去完成时 (8)It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时,【易错警示】 忽略时间状语, 相近时态混用 China _(spend) a lot of money on such research in the recent years. (变式) China _(spend) a lot of money on such research in the past.,【剖析】 题中的时间状语in the recent years是与现在有关的时间状语, 说明spend动作与现在有关, 应用现在完成时, 应填has spent。

题中的in the past指的是过去的时间, 谓语动词应用一般过去时, 应填spent过关检测】 1. (2018全国卷)True to a gorillas unaggressive nature, the huge animal _(mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “Im king of this forest, and here is your reminder! ”,meant,2. (2017全国卷)Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school _ (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. ” 3. (2018北京高考)Chinas high-speed railways _ _(grow) from 9, 000 to 25, 000 kilometers in the past few years.,comes,have,grown,4. I made my first visit to China in 2008 and last year, I _(be) lucky enough to take part in an event called “Shanxi in the eyes of foreigners. ” 5. He looked around at all the faces: he had the impression that he _(see) most of the guests before.,was,had seen,技法2提示词为动词时, 明确逻辑关系定语态,1. 【解析】were invited。

考查时态与语态根据时间状语On the last day of our week-long stay可知, 此处应用一般过去时; 且根据空格后的to attend可知此处主语we与invite之间为被动关系, 构成sb. be invited to do sth. 结构, 故填were invited 2. 【解析】sells根据句意可知, sell在此表示事物所具有的特征, 应用主动形式技法点金】 牢记几种常考时态的被动语态构成,【易错警示】 注意英汉区别, 正确选用语态 The books which were written by Zhou Meisen, a famous writer in Jiangsu, _(sell) well. (变式) The books which were written by Zhou Meisen, a famous writer in Jiangsu, _(sell) out here.,【剖析】 题中的sell表示的是主语books的某种属性, 意为 “卖得好, 畅销”, 表示状态, 应用主动语态, 填sell; 题中的sell强调动作, 指的是书“已经卖完了”, 应用现在完成时的被动语态, 填have been sold。

过关检测】 1. (2017全国卷)Sarah _ (tell)that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. 2. (2018天津高考)My washing machine _ _(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.,has been told/was told,is being,repaired,3. (2019莆田一模) If your experience of the above is zero, you _(see) as being behind the times. 4. (2019湛江二模)The importance of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures, and it _ _(reflect) in peoples life, beliefs and ideology.,will be seen,is,reflected,技法3提示词为动词时, 确定主谓一致的三原则,1. 【解析】are。

主语为six, 表示六个子群, 谓语动词应用复数; 结合前一句 three are declining 可知应用一般现在时2. 【解析】enjoys分析句子结构可知, enjoy在句中作谓语, 主语是not only the students but also the teacher, 根据就近一致原则, enjoy应与the teacher主谓一致, 应用单数形式 3. 【解析】were trapped分析句子结构可知, trap在句中作谓语, 主语是the family, 在此指的是一家人, 根据意义一致原则, 应用复数形式技法点金】 一、明晰主谓一致三原则中的常考点 1. 可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数; 可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数2. 就近一致原则 由neither. . . nor. . . , either. . . or. . . , not only. . . but also. . . , or等连接并列主语时, 谓语要和位置上最近的主语保持一致3. 就远原则 主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的数要与前面的主语一致。

4. 集体名词看作整体时, 谓语用单数形式; 看作个体时, 谓语用复数形式 5. 非谓语动词、从句作主语时, 谓语一般用单数形式二、掌握常考的三种特殊情况 1. “many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数, 表示复数意义2. “half/most/the rest/the remaining/one third of +名词”作主语时, 若这个结构中的名词为复数, 则谓语用复数形式; 若这个结构中的名词为单数或不可数名词, 则谓语用单数形式 3. all, the remaining, the rest, what, who, some, most等作主语时, 谓语动词的数根据它们的实际意义而定易错警示】 分析句子结构, 避免误判主语 It is reported that three ways to grow more trees in the desert _(be) very effective. It is reported that finding ways to grow more trees in the desert _his life goal.,【剖析】 题中的主语是three ways, 主语是复数, 谓语动词应用复数, 应填are; 题中主语是finding ways to grow more trees in the desert是动名词作主语, 谓语动词应用单数, 应填is。

过关检测】 1. (2018全国卷) While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _(be) more effective at lengthening life t。