造纸术英文版.ppt

The Four Great Inventions of Ancient ChinaPapermaking technologyWhat does it make of?                   ￿1.Ancient Chinese people working more than silk cocoon silk, and the remaining cocoon, cocoon, and so on the system with the bleaching method floc. Bleaching Xu finished, I will be left on some residue Xu. When the number of bleaching Xu more, and residue on the bamboo mats will be integrated into a layer of fiber sheet, after drying stripped down, can be used for writing. This bleaching of small quantities of by-products, in the ancient books, said it is Hexian or Fang Xu. This shows that the origins of ancient Chinese papermaking has a relationship with the origin of silk.Main inventor：：                   ￿2.Cai LunCai Lun (? -121) word King Chung, the Eastern Han Dynasty Guiyang County people. Han Ming Emperor Yongping into the palace to the end of things, chapter and two years (AD 88), Cai Lun as a result of the Queen Mother and promoted to the regular paternity, Cai Lun and to respect the body of Jiuqing is also a party. Cai Lun summed up the past, people's paper-making experience papermaking innovation process, and finally made a "Cai Hou paper." Yuan Hing first year (AD 105) reported the court, Han and Emperor ordered the promotion of his paper law. The first year of light (AD 121), due to power struggle suicide.￿￿￿￿￿￿3.produceThere are four main steps I will introduce to you ￿￿￿￿￿￿3.produceFirst Separation of raw materialTo use the retting leaching（（沤浸）） or cooking methods for raw materials in alkali（碱）（碱） degumming（脱胶）（脱胶）, and scattered into fibrous（纤维状）（纤维状）;￿￿￿￿￿￿3.produceSecondBeating（打浆）（打浆）Use the method of cutting and struck（（捶捣）） staple fiber, and make the fiber broom(帚化), and become the pulp(纸浆纸浆);￿￿￿￿￿￿3.produceThirdManufacture paper with pulp（抄造）（抄造） Namely make pulp water penetration into slurry, then used for paper pulp (woven bamboo mat) and get the pulp in paper to woven thin sheet of wet paper;￿￿￿￿￿￿3.producefourthDry Namely the wet paper to dry, peeling then became a paper.￿￿￿￿￿￿4.SpreadSpread6th century: Korea7th century: Japan8th century: Arab States and India12th century: Europe and Africa16th century: Amrica19th century: Oceania￿￿￿￿￿￿4Development Invented 2 century105Popularize 3 to 4 centuryOnly writing material ￿￿￿￿￿￿4Development The Eastern Han Dynasty Yuan Xing (105) Cai Lun improved papermaking. He used the bark, Ma head and spacious cloth, nets and other raw materials, after frustration, pound, copy, baking and other manufacturing process of paper, is the origin of modern paper. This paper, raw materials easy to find, and very cheap, the quality has improved, and gradually widespread use. To commemorate the merits of Cai Lun, future generations of this paper called "Cai Hou paper."5.InfluenceIt is a revolution of writing material. And it is easy to carry, the range is not constrained(强迫强迫), driving the Chinese, Arab（阿拉伯人）（阿拉伯人）, European and the world's cultural development.Paper-making is one of the four great inventions of China, the paper is the Han long experience accumulation and the crystallization of the wisdom of working people, human a brilliant invention in the history of civilization.                                                                                                                                                                 。