六级阅读出题原则.ppt

六级阅读出题原则六级阅读出题原则徐琨琳徐琨琳出题原则出题原则•1 出题原则：指文章的逻辑理解或逻辑关系•2 出题原则的作用：•A 在没有关键词的情况下，能够帮助确定出题区域•B 在关键词存在的情况下，确定区域中哪一部分是最主要的CET 6出题原则•A 所用的文章都是通用的：出现特殊的标点符号 ： ——•B 列举 三种情况 Unit 10 Passage Two•Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.解释，说明列举•（1）on the one hand, on the other hand•（2）句子的排列（并列）•（3）类别排列（并列）•Unit 8 •Passage Four•36. The emergence of the affluent society after World War II . •A) led to the reform of the retailing system•B) resulted in the worship of consumerism•C) gave rise to the dominance of the new egoism•D) gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumers •37. Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumption is •A) the people's desire for a rise in their living standards•B) the concept that one's success is measured by how much they consume•C) the imbalance that has existed between production and consumption•D) the conversion of the sale of goods into rituals •38. Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing? •A) Because poverty still exists in an affluent society. •B) Because overconsumption won't last long due to unrestricted population growth. •C) Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization. •D) Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction. •39. According to the passage, consumerist culture .•A) will not alleviate poverty in wealthy countries•B) will not aggravate environmental problems•C) cannot thrive on a fragile economy•D) cannot satisfy human spiritual needs • 40. It can be inferred from the passage that .•A) human spiritual needs should match material affluence•B) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issue•C) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem•D) there is never an end to satisfying people's material needs 推论题• Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War Ⅱ，an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, “Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate."• Americans have responded to Lebow's call, and much of the world has followed. Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world's two largest economics-Japan and the United States-show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent. • Overconsumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate. • Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. • Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow, that misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things. • Of course, the opposite of over consumption, poverty, is no solution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Dispossessed (被剥夺得一无所有的) peasants slash, and burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing it to desert. • If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough .What level of consumption can the earth support ?When dose having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?•Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War Ⅱ，an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, “Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.“•A 在没有关键词的情况下，能够帮助确定出题区域•B 在关键词存在的情况下，确定区域中哪一部分是最主要的。

•A) led to the reform of the retailing system•B) resulted in the worship of consumerism•C) gave rise to the dominance of the new egoism•D) gave birth to a new generation of upper class consumers •Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War Ⅱ，an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, “Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.“√Retailing system 零售零售Ego：：individual Egoism:个人主义个人主义wholesale批发批发•37. Apart from enormous productivity, another important impetus to high consumption is •A) the people's desire for a rise in their living standards•B) the concept that one's success is measured by how much they consume•C) the imbalance that has existed between production and consumption•D) the conversion of the sale of goods into rituals •Americans have responded to Lebow's call, and much of the world has followed. Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world's two largest economics-Japan and the United States-show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent. √流行的，常见的•38. Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing? •A) Because poverty still exists in an affluent society. •B) Because overconsumption won't last long due to unrestricted population growth. •C) Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization. •D) Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction. •Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. √•Moral:•Mortal:•Morale•The Trojan War 特洛伊战争•Titans Zues Prometheus普罗米休斯Apollo阿波罗 Athena 雅典娜•Pandora潘多拉 narcissus•Narcissism•Helen of Troy 道德的道德的致命的，即将死去的致命的，即将死去的士气，精神面貌士气，精神面貌deadly fatalAchilles’ heel阿基里斯巨人神宙斯灾难的来源灾难的来源那西瑟斯水仙水仙自恋自恋红颜祸水红颜祸水致命的弱点•Integrity （性格的）正直•（领土的）完整•Honesty is the best policy!•诚实是最最基本的原则。

•39. According to the passage, consumerist culture .•A) will not alleviate poverty in wealthy countries•B) will not aggravate environmental problems•C) cannot thrive on a fragile economy•D) cannot satisfy human spiritual needs •Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow, that misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things. √•Alleviate :消除•Aggravate 恶化•Thrive:繁荣•40. It can be inferred from the passage that .•A) human spiritual needs should match material affluence•B) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issue•C) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem•D) there is never an end to satisfying people's material needs • Of course, the opposite of over consumption, poverty, is no solution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Dispossessed (被剥夺得一无所有的) peasants slash, and burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民族) turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland, reducing it to desert. • If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough .What level of consumption can the earth support ?When dose having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction?•40. It can be inferred from the passage that .•A) human spiritual needs should match material affluence•B) whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issue•C) how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem•D) there is never an end to satisfying people's material needs √六级阅读理解的解题过程•第一步：读题，确定题型，抓住关键词；•第二步：读文章，找到关键词，圈定出题区域；•第三步：解题。

文章主旨文章主旨的位置•六级主旨题简单•主旨题的答案一般在开头•如果文章开头很长，一般看前面开头的两到三句关键词关键词的种类•1 显性关键词：大写，年代，人名，数字；•2 以动词为关键词定位•3 题干中的生词话题态度话题态度和篇章态度篇章态度的判断方法：•作者所对应的对象在文章中第1段有没有出现；•因为第1段是整个文章的中心•对象在文章的第1段出现了，就是篇章态度；•对象没有在第1段出现，则是话题态度•篇章态度题，在文章的最后一段；•话题态度题，在该话题最后出现的那一段推论题推论题在哪些情况下是错误的？•1 选项中出现绝对词：•never only too uniquely exclusively absolutely•在选项中出现likely may时，答案一般是对的•2 选项中出现最高级或比较级•Eg. I am old. I am older.•3 出现ly的副词，注意程度上的变异•Eg. I can work out the question.•I can work out the question easily. 推论题推论题在哪些情况下是错误的？•4 推论题答案必须是对文章的一种引申，但是只能是一级引申•推论题和细节题的区分：•推论题：答案必须引申•细节题：答案必须从文章中的表层找猜词题猜词题两种解题方式•1 指代关系：such、this、that•2 平行结构•But (但是），and&or (和）•猜词时需要利用平行结构的4个方面进行回答•A 前后的形式: 前后形式保持一致•B 前后的含义: but：前后含义相反；and前后含义保持一致 •C 前后的褒贬: but:前后褒贬相反；and 前后褒贬保持一致•D 前后的主题: 句子的话题/中心/主语；前后主题必须保持一致出题原则出题原则•1 出题原则：指文章的逻辑理解或逻辑关系•2 出题原则的作用：•A 在没有关键词的情况下，能够帮助确定出题区域•B 在关键词存在的情况下，确定区域中哪一部分是最主要的。

CET 6出题原则•A 所用的文章都是通用的：出现特殊的标点符特殊的标点符号 ： ——•B 列举列举 三种情况•（1）on the one hand, on the other hand•（2）句子的排列（并列）•（3）类别排列（并列）解释，说明•2006年年1月月•Passage Two•Essence•Essential•Essentially•American Dream •Regardless of•Regardless of your race, religion, family background, education background, if you can work hard, you will have the opportunity to rise from the lowest position to the highest position.本质，核心本质，核心重要的重要的实际上，实质上实际上，实质上不管，不顾不管，不顾林肯林肯•Bank of Communications•Citibank •I was born with modest origin.•我出生贫寒。

•Paradox :自相矛盾，悖论•Paradoxical： 似非而是的•More haste, less speed! •Spacious 似是而非的•Big Apple 交通银行花旗银行白手起家白手起家正确的正确的纽约错误的错误的欲速则不达欲速则不达！出题原则•C 转折转折:•But, however, yet, still, neverless, whereas•In fact, instead•D 因果因果：•As a result (of), result in, result from•Given 句首表示“考虑到”或“由于”•In that 因为•Unit 8•Passage Two•数字分类：•虚数： most, few, several•实数: dozen, score, decade, Millennium• two thirds, a quarter •数字的前缀：mono, bi, tri三一二•Hazard 危险，缺点•Merit 优点•Demerit 缺点•Disadvantage缺点•2007年年12月月•Passage Two否定前缀否定前缀•Veil •Unveil•Dress•Undress•Happy •Unhappy•Load•Unload•否定前缀后是形容词，是不不….的意思•否定前缀后接的是动词或名词时，翻译应该往动作的动作的反方向动作思考反方向动作思考面纱揭开穿上高兴不高兴装载脱卸•Control 名词，动词•Controllable 形容词•Uncontrol•Uncontrollable•Disintegration •否定前缀后是形容词，是不不….的意思•否定前缀后接的是动词或名词时，翻译应该往动作的反方向动作思考动作的反方向动作思考失控？失控的释放控制不住的不完整？分裂？√破产•Go bankrupt•Out of business•Fish turns its white bally.鱼翻出它的白肚子。

•Bargain 讨价还价•次品•Faulty goods•赝品，冒牌货•Faker counterfeit 廉价品•如果在段落开头出现了Yes, No时，这些词也表示逻辑关系•注意：•1 Yes, No, 出现时，所在段落与上一段是一段•2 Yes表示递进的过程，而No是转折的过程出题原则•Unit 8•Passage Three•31, 34, 35•Fund •股票•Stock•股东•Stockholder•Security•证券•Currency •货币基金，投资•Inflation•通货膨胀•Deposit•存款，沉淀•Withdraw•取钱，撤退•Overdraw•透支•Passage 文章•走廊，通道•Aisle •Lane 门对门的两个椅子，两个架子之间，表示过道原意：胡同；两边高墙之间的过道车道法律上的通过或实施六级中误导性的句型六级中误导性的句型•I like playing basketball and football.•约等于As well as•当文章出现as…as同级比较时，前者比后者重要六级中误导性的句型六级中误导性的句型•I don’t trust you because you are honest.•我相信你不是因为你诚实。

•I don’t love you because who you are.•我爱你不是因为你是谁•但英语中如果出现一次because的话，not可以出现转移，但出现两次because,则不能转移六级中误导性的句型六级中误导性的句型•All the birds can not fly.•不是所有的鸟都会飞•当句子出现all, not翻译为“不是所有”，指的是一部分六级中误导性的句型六级中误导性的句型•A man can never have too many ties.•Too在英语中不光是一个绝对词，还是一个否定词，和never 在一起，双重否定表示肯定•一个男人有再多的领带也不违过。