48个国际音标表(修).doc

国际音标（48个）元音（20个）单元音（6对）/ɑ://ɔ:/ / ɜ://i:// u://e/ / ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ/ /ʊ/ /æ/双元音（8个）/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/辅音（28个）清辅音（11个）/p/ /s/ /t/ /f/ /k/ /h/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tr/ /tʃ/浊辅音（11个）/b/ /z/ /d/ /v/ /g/ /r/ /ð/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dr/ /dʒ/ 鼻音（3个）/m/ /n/ /ŋ/半元音（2个）/j/ /w/ 舌侧音（1个） /ǀ/48个国际音标开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如: kite, cake, name, bike, make, take, home, plane, 2)辅音+元音 如: he, hi, go, no, do, be, tree, three, hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 如: sit, bed, bad, bag, hot, hop, let, mad, map, head 2)元音+辅音 如: it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house. A mouse is in the cat’s mouth. A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea 1. 元音音标:1) [a:] 字母组合 ar, a car, farm, card, arm, garden, fast, class, last, glass, plant, aunt, calm 2) [ʌ] 发音字母 u, o, ou, oo up, supper, lunch, fun, gun, hunt, cup, bus, come, mother, brother, love, above, trouble, rough, blood, flood3) [ɔ:]字母组合 al, or, au, our, ar small, wall, talk, tall, hall, ball, call, walk, short, more, lord, horse, for, forty, sport, door, floor, store, author, caught, autumn, four, court, bought, warm4) [ɒ] 发音字母 o, a hot, lost, lot, fox, box, mop, hop, loss, collar, not, want, wash, watch5) [ə:] 字母组合ir, ur, ear, er, or girl, shirt, skirt, thirty, thirteen, third, bird, turn, burn, murder, nurse, learn, earn, earth, heard, term, her, nerd, serve, worm,world 6) [ə] 字母组合 er, or, ou, ar, o, a, e, u teacher, remember, farmer, powder, doctor, actor, mayor, author, tractor, delicious, gracious, pleasure, familiar, collar, dollar, together, tomorrow, today, lesson, Japan, china 7) [i:] 字母组合: ee, ea, e, ie, ei three, tree, green, sheep, meet, beef, see, seek, eat, tea, meat, leave, lead teacher, mean, speak, clean, piece, receive, ceiling 8) [i]发音字母 i, y, e sit, picture, it, is, list, six, mix, fix, fit, pig, big, build, miss, myth, many twenty, happy, dictionary, defect, decide, delicious 9) [u:] 字母组合 oo, o, ufood, moon, room, doom, goose, tooth, shoe, do, two, true, truth, blue10) [u] 字母组合 oo, ou, u, o look, good, foot, book, wood, should, could, put, full, woman, wolf 11) [e] 字母组合 ea, e, a head, bread, pleasure, elephant, remember, sell, shell, lesson, better12) [æ] 发音字母 a bag, hand, and ant, happy, hat, map, mad, bad, black, back, glad, flag 13) [ei] 发音字母 a, ay, ea ai ey name, cake, late, gate, plane, April, play, say, may, great, break, rain, plain14) [ai] 发音字母 i, y bike, find, die, nine, light, high, my, try, eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou, ow house, out, flour, ground, account, loud, around, mouse, down 16) [əu] 发音字母 o, ow, oa home, cold, go, no, phone, host, know, low, below, boat, coat17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy, oi boy, toy, joy, oil, soil, voice, choice 18) [iə] 字母组合 eer, ear, ere, er, ea beer, deer, ear, near, here, fierce, idea19) [eə] 字母组合ear, air, ere, are pear, bear, chair, air, fair, there, where, care20) [ʊə] 字母组合our, tour 2. 字母和组合音节发音规律 1）a [ei], [æ], [ʌ], [a:], [ɒ], [ə] late, private, grade, bake, grape, nation, station, page, active, hand, parent, family, glad, flag, accept, about, above, watch, cinema, class, past, father, wash, what, 2）e [i:], [e], [ə], 不发音 appreciate, extremely, secret, she, me, he, letter, left, message, generate, pebble, decide, pretty, previous, result, restore, problem, student, prosperous, confident, active, table, late, wife, store, lecture 3）i [ai] high, price, library, wife, size, line, fist, pick, chicken, piano 4）o [[əʊ], [u:], [ʌ], [ə], [ɒ] host, cold, note, home, lose, do, who, love, some, other, mother, honey, company, today, tomorrow, together, control, collect, lost, 5）u [ju], [u], [ʌ], [ə] university, refuse, unique, universe, huge, put, push, pull, full, bull, but, brush, bucket, duck, bubble, support, suggest 6） c [k], [s] country, camera, courage, cable, city, ceiling, celebrate, cell 7）g [g], [dʒ], [ŋ] girl, grade, glass, glade, bag, flag, village, vegetable, bridge, gentleman, gym, long 8) l [l] (两个读音) listen, learn, language, collect, English, gorilla, world, cold, soil, tall, sell, animal 9) n /n/,/ŋ/ moon, night, noodle, number, uncle, hungry, angry, young 10) r [r] right, read, write, grade, progress, card, board, door, floor, form, north 11）y [j], [ai] yellow, year, yell, young, university, country, dying, fly, buy, by 12）ar [a:], [ɜ:], [ɔ:] farm, card, garden, mark, dollar, warm, quarrel, quarter 13) ea [i:], [e], [ei], [ɪə] cease, season, breathe, feature, meat, please, bread, breast, breath, meadow, weather, great, break, idea, realize 14) ear [[ɜ:], [ɪə] learn, earth。