虚拟语气用法总结(超好原创)课件1.ppt

虚虚 拟拟 语语 气气虚 拟 语 气概念：谓语概念：谓语v用用不同的形式不同的形式表示说话人的表示说话人的不同意图不同意图，这，这种种形式形式称为语气语气分三种：称为语气语气分三种：1.陈述语气陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式He is late for class. What fun!He is not interested in classical music.2.祈使语气祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形）等（动词常用原形）Don’t be late！3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测设、愿望、怀疑或推测概念：谓语v用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语一、虚拟语气在一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中非真实条件句中主语主语+did/were主语主语+should / would/could / might + do主语主语+ had done主语主语+ should / would/ could / might + have done 主语主语+1.did2.should do3.were to do主语主语+should / would/could / might + do一、虚拟语气在 if非真实条件句中主语+did/were主语If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.1.1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。

如果我是你，我会接受他的建议2.2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里如果明天下雨，我会待在家里3.3.如果你以前好好学习，如果你以前好好学习， 你会通过考试的你会通过考试的If I were you, I would accept his advice.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.If you had studied hard beforeYou didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A.drove; didn’t getB.drove; wouldn’t getC.were driving; wouldn’t getD.had driven; wouldn’t have gotYou didn’t let me drive. If we________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.A.Were B. Should C.Would D. Will ________ it rain tomorrow, we 注意：注意：1.错综时间虚拟语气错综时间虚拟语气当当从句主句从句主句所表示的行为所发生的所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时间不一致时，时，动词的形式动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出要根据它所表示的时间作出相相应的调整。

应的调整If you ____________(follow)my advice just now, you _________(be)better now.If you __________(study)hard before, you _______(be)a college student now.had followedwould behad studiedwould be注意：had followedwould behad stuIf you ______ with George earlier, you _____ so angry now.A.talked; would not beB.had talked; would not beC.would talk; would not beD.had talked; would not have beenIf you ______ with George earlIf we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river _____ so seriously now.A.is not pollutedB.would not be pollutedC.had not been pollutedD.would not have been pollutedIf we had taken such effective2. if从句中，从句中，were，，had（完成时态标志），（完成时态标志），should可可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），if必须省略。

否定词必须省略否定词not不能不能放在放在前面1.Had I not seen him then(Hadn’t I seen him then), I wouldn't have been very happy.2.If I were you, I would accept his advice.3.If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.4.If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.Had you studied hard before,……Were I you,……Should it rained tomorrow/ Were it to rain tomorrow,2. if从句中，were，had（完成时态标志），shou3 3、含蓄虚拟语气、含蓄虚拟语气 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现是出现ifif引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。

件句常用的有常用的有介词介词with，，without，，but for（倘没有，（倘没有，要不是）；要不是）；连词连词or，，but；；副词副词otherwise等1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.=If I hadn‘t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.3、含蓄虚拟语气1.I was ill that day. 2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.4.What would you do with a million dollars? 5.Without / But for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.=If it had not been for your help, …2.He telephoned to inform me oWithout electricity, human being life ______ quite different today.A.isB.will beC.would have beenD.would beWithout electricity, human beiBut for his help, I ______.A.should not have succeededB.have not succeededC.did not succeedD.had not succeededBut for his help, I ______.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.A.had scoredB.scoredC.would scoreD.would have scoredHe hesitated for a moment befo— Why didn’t you buy it?— I ______ but I didn’t have the money. A. would B. would have C. had had D. had bought— Why didn’t you buy it?二、虚拟语气的其他用法二、虚拟语气的其他用法1.as if / as though（好像）（好像）+从句从句与现在相反与现在相反 did/were与过去相反与过去相反 had done与将来相反与将来相反 would/could/might+ do He looks as if he were an artist.He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.(区分区分even if/though)二、虚拟语气的其他用法注意：若表示的确有某种可能注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气）尤指天气），，也可不用虚拟语气。

也可不用虚拟语气Eg. Look! The clouds are gathering.It looks as if it’s going to rain .When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken注意：若表示的确有某种可能(尤指天气），也可不用虚拟语气2.It is (high / about) time (that) sb did/ sb should（（不可省略不可省略）） + do该是某人做某事的时候了该是某人做某事的时候了It is high time that you got up/should get up.2.It is (high / about) time (tI’m getting tired; it’s time we _____ home. A. go B. are going C. went D. should be goingI’m getting tired; it’s time w3.wish/if only( (要是要是…………就好了）就好了）+从句 与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 did/were 与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done（或用（或用could have done）） 与将来事实相反与将来事实相反 could/would/might + do I wish (that)he________________(visit) us tomorrow.I wish (that) he_________(visit)us today.I wish he____________________________(visit) us yesterday. had visited us/ could have visited us would /could /might visitvisitedIf only you _____________ （（listen)to our advice!If only I _____ (be)a bird!had listenedwere3.wish/if only(要是……就好了）+从句had 4.在在would rather+宾语从句中宾语从句中与现在或将来事实相反与现在或将来事实相反 did/were与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 had done即：即：would rather sb did/ had doneI would rather you ______(come) here tomorrow.I would rather you __________ (not tell)me the truth.camehadn’t told4.在would rather+宾语从句中camehadn’5.用于表示用于表示建议建议（（advise/ suggest/ propose/recommend））命令命令(order/ command)要求要求(demand/require/ request/ desire)坚持要求坚持要求(insist) 等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：等词相连的从句中需用虚拟语气：sb （（should））+ do1.I suggested that he (should) go there at once. (宾语从句宾语从句)2.My advice is that we (should) tell him the news.3.I made a suggestion that he------(同位语从句同位语从句)4.It is suggested that he------(主语从句主语从句)5.My suggestion was that he-----(表语从句表语从句)5.用于表示区别：区别：This is the suggestion that/ which he made at the meeting.(定语从句定语从句)The officer gave the order that nothing ____ until the people arrived. A. didn’t touch B. touched C. be touched D. touch区别：注意：注意：suggest:表明，暗示表明，暗示 陈述述语气气 建建议 虚虚拟语气气Her pale face suggested that she _____（（be)ill and that she ________________(send) to hospital immediately.Insist：：坚持持说，，坚持持认为 陈述述语气气 坚持主持主张，，坚持要求持要求 虚虚拟语气气He insisted that he ____________(not steal) the money and insisted that he _____________(set) free.was(should) be senthadn’t stolen(should) be set注意：was(should) be senthadn’t s6.主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气（主要是（主要是it作形式主语）作形式主语）It is necessary / important / natural / strange / funny/ surprising/ a pity / a shame/ no wonder/ suggested / advised/recommended / desired 等等that sb (should) + do It is strange that he (should) have treated his parents like that.It is a pity that Lucy (should) be so careless.It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.注意：以上句式也可用于陈述语气注意：以上句式也可用于陈述语气6.主语从句中的虚拟语气（主要是it作形式主语）It is strange that he didn’t come yesterday.It is a pity that she can’t sing.It is strange that the lazy boy _____ pass the exam. A. has B. should C. would D. might It is strange that he didn’t c。