高中英语 Unit18 Beauty短语典句考点 北师大版选修6 教案.doc

短语典句考点】1. die out 完全消失，灭绝【经典例句】That custom died out years ago.那种风俗许多前就消失了Millions of years ago, dinosaurs died out.数百万前，恐龙灭绝了考点聚焦】1）作“完全消失”讲时，常指习惯、声音、烟雾等消失，例如：Many old customs have died out.许多旧的风俗已不复存在2）作“灭绝”讲时， 常指稀奇动植物灭绝With the forest being cut off, more and more rare animals and plants are dying out. 随着森林的被砍伐，越来越多的稀有动植物正在濒临灭绝3）由die构成的其他短语：be dying for（口语）渴望……，很想……die away逐渐停止，逐渐消失die back植物枝叶枯萎 die down逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊 die hard旧习惯等难改掉，难消失2）辨析die of和die from 的用法：die of指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿等，die from则指由于外伤或不注意的原因而死亡，但from常以of代替。

活学活用】词语替换：1.Tribes and tribal customs went away centuries ago.2.I am eager for a box of chocolates.3.Rabbits were dying one after another in that county.4. The tribes and tribal customs disappeared centuries ago.5) After the excitement of the audience became weak the speaker restarted his speech.答案： 1）died out 2）dying for 3）dying off 4）died out 5)died down课文句子和翻译1. In 1878, when Margaret Wolfe Hungerford wrote “beauty is in the eye of the beholder ”, she was stating that there was no consistent view on beauty. 1879，玛格丽特沃尔夫撰写“情人眼里出西施”时，她声称，关于“美”，没有始终如一的观点。

剖析】1)这是一个主从复合句，when引导一个时间状语从句Margaret Wolfe Hungerford wrote “beauty is in the eye of the beholder ”, she was stating是主句, that引导一个宾语从句there was no consistent view on beauty. 2) There was no consistent view on sth.在某方面没有统一的标准拓展】过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作有下面三种情况：1）主要用来描述一件事发生的背景，当从句是一个长动作，用一般过去时态时，主句是一个短动作，用过去进行时态，本句属于此类2）在过去某个时间点发生的动作，时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示，常用的时间状语有：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, last evening, when, while等如：Mary was making a dress when she cut her finger.　 玛丽在做衣服时，割着手指了。

　When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间3）在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.　他边等车边看报 2. Traditions and fashions, like society itself, change and adapt with time, so it is reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well. 传统和时尚如同社会本身，与时俱进, 因此，外面的审美观点也在改变剖析】1）这是一个由so连接的并列复合句，第一个并列句是Traditions and fashions, like society itself, change and adapt with time , 第二个并列句是it is reasonable…, 其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that our ideas of beauty change as well。

2）Sth. change and adapt with time. 与时俱进拓展】it常常在下面的句型中作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句：It is reasonable/clear/strange/obvious/true/possible/ certain that ……常译为：那是有理由的/清楚/奇怪的/显然的/真的/可能的/肯定的/……It也可以用作形式宾语，真正的宾语由that 引导的宾语从句担当, 例如：I think it reasonable/clear/strange/obvious/true/possible/ certain thatI think it is reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well.此句型也可改为I think it reasonable that…，其中，reasonable作宾语it的补足语，如：I think it reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well. 3. In 19th -century Europe, women used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape that is no longer considered healthy. 十九世纪的欧洲，妇女们身着紧身衣以塑身，而今这早已被认为是不健康的。

剖析】这是一个主从复合句，women used to wear corsets是主句, that is no longer considered healthy是一个限制性定语从句,修饰a body shape， healthy是形容词作主语的补足语拓展】1)主语补足语和宾语补足语可以互换主动语态的宾语补足语在被动语态中，改为主语补足语We consider him humorous. ＝ He is considered humorous. 我们认为他很幽默2）used常常有下面的三种句型：Sb. used to + do表示某人过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在Sb. be used to + doing 某人对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词Sth. is used to do sth. 某物被用来做成另一种东西4. In the past, some cultures used tattoos as an addition to costumes, to show family associations or to mark criminals so that they could easily be recognized.过去，一些文化把纹身当作一种装束的附属物，用来展示家庭关系或是用来给罪犯打上印记，以易于分辨。

剖析】1）这是一个主从复合句，some cultures used tattoos as an addition to costumes…是主句, so that引导一个状语从句，含有情态动词，称为目的状语从句如：Now in the streets, many girls are wearing corsets so that they can look slim. 现在，在大街上，很多的女孩穿着紧身衣服，为的是看起来苗条2）use…as…用……当作……如： In ancient times, animal’s skin was often used as shawls. 在古代，动物的毛皮常常当作披肩拓展】 an addition 表示“一个附加的人和物”，常和介词to连用如：Our baby brother is an addition to our family. 新出生的弟弟使我们家多了一口人下面是addition的常用短语：have an addition to the family 添人口in addition加上, 另外，常作状语with the addition of 增加in addiction常与to连用，表示“除了……之外”。

如：In addition to gene, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a decent home environment.除了遗传基因外,智力的高低还取决于良好的营养,良好的教育和良好的家庭环境5. In other cultures, looking thin for a husband-to-be is not what a woman desires at all—rather, looking a little overweight is considered more attractive. 在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未来丈夫眼中显得苗条， 而身材稍微丰满、圆润才更加迷人剖析】1）这是一个主从复合句，looking thin for a husband-to-be is not是主句, what引导一个名词性从句作表语，称为表语从句looking thin是动名词作主语表示一件事情2)破折号起到解释作用，相当于一个并列连词whilerather副词，意为“相反地, 倒不如说 ……更……”.3)looking a little overweight is considered more attractive. 动名词looking a little overweight是主语，本句用了被动语态，形容词attractive作主语的补足语。

4）此处的两个look都是连系动词，意为“看起来”，其后接形容词 【拓展】1）what 引导名词性从句表示“人或事物”，构成主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，如：The question what makes the matter worse has been puzzling me. 情况更糟的问题一直在困惑着我同位语从句） The teacher told us he wanted to take back what he had said. 老师告诉我们他想收回他说过的话宾语从句）She is no longer what she us。