商务翻译(英译汉)-Unit-9-The-World-Bank课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 9,The World Bank,商务英语翻译（英译汉）,【Translation】,The World Bank,established in 1944,is headquartered in Washington,D.C.We have more than 10,000 employees in more than 100 offices worldwide.,The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world.Our mission is to fight poverty with passion and for lasting results and to help people help themselves and their environment by providing resources,sharing knowledge,building capacity and forging partnerships in the public and private sectors.,We are not a bank in the common sense;we are made up of two unique development institutions owned by 186 member countries:the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development（IBRD）and the International Development Association（IDA）.,Each institution plays a different but collaborative role in advancing the vision of inclusive and sustainable globalization.The IBRD aims to reduce poverty in middle-income and creditworthy poorer countries,while IDA focuses on the worlds poorest countries.,Together,we provide low-interest loans,interest-free credits and grants to developing countries for a wide array of purposes that include investments in education,health,public administration,infrastructure,financial and private sector development,agriculture,and environmental and natural resource management.,【Version for Reference】,世 界 银 行,世界银行成立于1944年，总部位于华盛顿。

我们在全球拥有一百多家办事机构，雇员超过10，000人世界银行是全世界发展中国家获得资金和技术援助的一个重要来源我们的使命是通过提供资源、分享知识、练就本领、在公营和私营领域中结成伙伴关系、战胜贫穷并争取持久性成果，以及帮助人民自救和帮助他们改善环境我们不是通常意义上的银行，我们由两个独特的发展机构国际复兴开发银行（IBRD）和国际开发协会（IDA）组成，这两个机构为186个成员国所有在这两个机构中，每个机构都对我们的全球减贫使命及提高生活水平发挥着不同的支持作用国际复兴开发银行侧重帮助中等收入国家和信誉良好的贫困国家，而国际开发协会则侧重帮助世界上最贫困的国家我们向发展中国家提供低息贷款、无息信贷以及赠款，以支持发展教育、卫生、公共管理、基础设施、金融和私营行业发展、农业、环境以及自然资源管理等事业9.Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.,【结构分析】英文原句是个典型的长句，由27个词组成，中间没有使用任何标点符号，完全靠语法结构使整个句子的意思化零为整：less through.and more from构成一个复杂的状语修饰动词arisen。

在中文翻译中，“产生兴趣”这一重要内容通过一个独立的句子表达，两个不同的原因则分别由不同的句子表达，整个句子被化整为零“产生兴趣，这与其说是因为，还不如说是因为”参考译文】人们对历史研究方法产生了兴趣，这与其说是因为外部对历史作为一门知识学科的有效性提出了挑战，还不如说是因为历史学家内部发生了争吵10.This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to combine agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.,【结构分析】本句中，since引导的原因状语从句，其中，to combine agriculture是will make的宾语，it是形式宾语；而to combine few也是宾语，它作makes的宾语，makes后面的it也是形式宾语参考译文】这种困境是确定无疑的，因为能源的匮乏使农业无法以高能量消耗这种美国的耕作方式继续下去，而这种耕作方式使投入极少数农民可获得高产成为可能。

11.It is not that the scales in the one case,and the balance in the other,differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former.,【结构分析】本句结构复杂：从整体来看，这是一个“not but ”的结构，译为“不是而是”根据上下文我们知道，在not后面的that从句中，scales 指代“面包师或屠夫使用的磅秤”，而balance指代“化学家使用的天平”在but后面的that从句中，有一个比较级结构“much finer much more than ”，其中，the latter指代balance，而the former指代scales参考译文】这并不是说面包师或买肉者所使用的磅秤和化学家所使用的天平在构造原理和工作方式上存在差别，而是说与前者相比，后者是一种更精密的装置，因而在计量上必然更准确得多。

13.There will be television chat shows hosted by robots,and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.,【结构分析】英文原句共使用了三个代词：关系代词that、宾格代词them和主格代词they，汉语译文中却只用一个代词“其”，that被译成了名词“监测器”，they被译成了名词“汽车”这是因为汉语里没有关系代词，that从英语语法上讲指代的是先行词monitors，把它译成名词“监测器”就成了很地道的汉语表达而如果把they译成“它们”，汉语里就有可能语义不清，因为“它们”有可能指“汽车”，也有可能指“监测器”由此可见，英语里很多代词译成汉语时都要变成名词参考译文】届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视访谈节目及装有污染监测器的汽车，一旦这些汽车污染超标（或违规），监测器就会使其停驶14.Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all,people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.,【结构分析】原文中有三个抽象的名词：sense,point和support和两个抽象的形容词comfortable和unnatural。

根据大纲中词汇表提供的解释，sense可指“感觉”、“判断力”，point的意思是“点”，support的意思是“支撑（物）”、“支持（物）”，comfortable是“舒适的”，unnatural是“非自然的”，都是意思十分抽象的词，如果不进行具体化处理，译文就可能是这样：除非人类有这样的感觉，把人口减少到这样的，使地球能为大家提供舒适的支持，否则人们将不得不接受更多的“非自然的食物”这种没有经过加工的译文不仅别人难理解，译者本人也不一定明白，把抽象的意思具体化其实就是一种深层的理解和有效的表达参考译文】人类应当意识到，必须把人口减少到一定的程度，从而使地球能为所有人提供足够的饮食，否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”3.How you move and gesture will greatly influence an interviewers first impression of you.In a landmark study of communications,psychologists discovered that seven percent of any message about our feelings and attitudes comes from the words we use,38 percent from our voice,and a startling 55 percent from our facial expressions.In fact,when our facial expression or tone of voice conflicts with our words,the listener will typically put more weight on the nonverbal message.,4.Monitor your body language to make sure you dont seem too desperate for the job,or too eager to please.Keep a Poker face in business situations.Inappropriate smiling is the most common example of a nonverbal behavior that undercuts verbal messages making you appear weak and unassertive.Good ey。