2021年高考英语 专题03 代词考纲解读及热点难点试题演练.doc

专题03 代词-2014年高考英语考纲解读及热点难点试题演练在句中用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等近3年来，高考重点考查不定代词，所考题量占所考代词总量的50%左右，其次是it的用法和替代词试题的设计注重语境设置，要求考生将句子意思和句子结构联系起来选出正确的代词因此，做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上，特别注意句意和句子结构的结合，只靠死背语法是很难奏效的1．(2013辽宁，29)To her joy，Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________ of her colleagues.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A．that B．one C．ones D．those2．(2013江西，23)________ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it.A．Anybody B．EverybodyC．Nobody D．Somebody3．(2013山东，21)Ive lived in New York and Chicago，but dont like ________ of them very much.A．either B．any C．each D．another4．(2013陕西，22)Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years，she lost ________ of her enthusiasm for life.A．some B．neither C．none D．all答案　C5．(2013天津，12)At our factory there are a few machines similar to ________ described in this magazine.A．them B．these C．those D．ones6．(2013四川，2)The traffic on the main street has a longer green signal than ________ on the small ones.A．one B．this C．that D．it7．(2013新课标Ⅱ，14)Its an either—or situation—we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do ________.A．others B．either C．another D．both8．(2013重庆，31)Recycling is one way to protect the environment，reusing is ________.A．another B．the other C．one another D．one9．(2013安徽，27)This project requires close teamwork.________ will be achieved unless we work well together.A．Nothing B．AnythingC．Something D．Everything10．(2013浙江，11)Half of ________ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A．thesee B．some C．ones D．those考点1、不定代词的用法（none，nothing，nobody(no one)的用法）【例1】 My brother would like to buy a good watch but ________ was available from that shop.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A．nothing B．none C．no one D．neither【例2】 I knew that ________ would ever discourage him；he would never give up wanting to be a director.A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing【特别提醒】none，nothing，nobody(no one)的用法none指人或物，相当于no＋名词；可回答how many，how much的提问；可与of连用—How much money do you have？—None.——你有多少钱？——一点也没有。

I want some more cheese，but theres none left.我想再吃点奶酪，但是一点也没剩As we were asleep，none of us heard the sound.由于我们在睡觉，因此没人听到那声音nothing指物；可回答what的提问—What are you doing now？—Nothing.——你现在在干什么？——什么也没干nobody (no one)指人；可回答who的提问—Who is in the room？—No one/Nobody.——谁在屋里？——没人※no one无任何人　nothing无任何物　none无所提及的人、物　　考点2、不定代词的用法（either，both，neither，all，none，any的常见用法）【例3】 He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found ________ of them again.A．neither B．either C．each D．all【例4】 —John，when shall we meet again，Thursday or Friday?—________.Ill be off to London then.A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．None【特别提醒】either，both，neither，all，none，any的常见用法如下：两者考点3、不定代词的用法（other(s)，the other(s)，another的常见用法）【例5】 Neither side is prepared to talk to ________ unless we can smooth things over between them.A．others B．the other C．another D．one other【例6】 The manager believes prices will not rise by more than ________ four percent.A．any other B．the other C．another D．other【特别提醒】在英语中，other(s)，the other(s)，another是常用的代词，它们的用法如下：(1)other意为“其他的”，其后常接可数名词复数形式，也可接不可数名词，表示泛指概念。

2)others意为“其他的人或物”，其后不可以接名词，因为它相当于“other＋名词”结构，也表示泛指概念3)the other有两种常见用法：①the other意为“其他的”，其后常接可数名词复数形式，也可接不可数名词，表示特指概念；②the other意为“两者中的另一个”，常用于“one...the other...”结构4)the others意为“其他的人或物”，其后不可以接名词，因为它相当于“the other＋可数名词复数”结构，表示特指概念5)another意为“又/再……”，常用于“another＋基数词＋名词”结构该结构相当于“基数词＋more＋名词”这一结构　　考点4、全部否定和部分否定【例7】 —Wow！Youve got so many clothes.—But ________ of them are in fashion now.A．all B．both C．neither D．none【例8】 Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but ________ of them wants to，because they have work to do.A．either B．any C．neither D．none【特别提醒】全部否定的不定代词：none, no one, nobody, nothing, neither, not any, no＋名词。

部分否定的不定代词：not与all, both, everyone, everybody, everything等连用，其中not可以位于句首或句中　　　难点1、替代词的用法【例1】 More than 68,600 foreigners are working in Shanghai.The number is 13 times ________ of 1996，when Shanghai started issuing expatriate work permits.A．one B．ones C．that D．those【例2】 I just choose a simpler lifestyle，________ where I can ride my bike all over and do not have to make a great living to survive.A．that B．it C．one D．another【名师点睛】that, it, one, ones, those, the one(s)等都可以用作代词，但它们所指代的情况不同1)it通常用来指代上文提到过的那个事物，表示特指概念，即指代同一物。

2)one表示泛指概念，替代可数名词的单数形式其复数形式ones也表示泛指概念，用来替代可数名词的复数形式the one(s)也是替代可数名词，但表示特指概念3)that既可以用来指代不可数名词，又可以用来指代可数名词单数形式，表示特指概念，相当于“the＋名词”结构4)those用来指代可数名词复数形式，表示特指概念，相当于“the＋可数名词复数”结构它是that(指代可数名词单数时)的复数形式5)当that或those在句中指代事物时，它们的后面通常使用一些后置定语，如：Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.(that指代不可数名词joy)【特别提醒】(1)that只能代替事物不能代替人(定语从句除外)，one既可代替事物也可代替人2)“物主代词＋own”之后不。