高考英语二轮复习专题0阅读理解Ⅳ篇章结构题含解析.docx

阅读理解Ⅳ：篇章结构题专题 7【构建知识体系】 段落层次、写作方法和行文走势 考点篇章结构题全国高考本专题考查分布明细统计 2014-2016 年 篇目 主题体裁篇章结构 年份题号 0 20162015 02014 02013 0D2012 1全国卷Ⅰ，过度学习议论文【考纲解读】 要求考纲解读考试大纲篇章结构题的考查对象是整个篇章或其中的某篇短要求考生阅读 4 个段落 考查同学们在理解全文的基础上对文章所个选 4 文，从每题所给的考查主旨描述事件的发展顺序、 所说明事物的结构层次或在项中选出最佳选项 题材大意、 细节论述观点过程中使用的方法进行推测、归纳和总结广泛，包括科普、社会、理解、推理 文化、政治、经济等多方的能力判断、词义 面内容体裁多样，以记猜测、篇章叙文、议论文、说明文为结构等题 型剖析全国高考真题】——预测高考命题方向 D] ·全国卷Ⅰ， [2012Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as childrene never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can but havstill swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle aftermanyll ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has yearsand stitwinkle, Twinkle, the poem that begins can thought about the words for years teach herdaughter notlittle star or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we haveremember will time ) increase the length of we learning learned something, additionaltrials( 尝试it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding,andhave learned them. Wecontinue to listen to and remind ourselves playing baseball long after weof words such as Twinkle, twinkle, little star and childhood tales such as CinderellaandGoldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.at we forget ) are an exception to the general rule thThe multiplication tables(乘法口诀表rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things weoverlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming( 突击学习 )for an examination, though it may resultin a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a studentmay learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forgetalmost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary forone's future development.68.The author explains the law of over learning by_________.A. presenting research findingsB. setting down general rulesC. making a comparisonD. using examples【答案】 68. D【解析】．【高考预测】纵观近几年全国高考试题，很少出现此类题型，但这一题型在地方高考和模拟试题中时有出现，因此不排除 2017 年全国高考试题可能会①设置 1 道篇章结构题，考查考生对整个篇章或其中的某个段落结构和脉络的把握。

②题型设置主要是让考生分析某一段落或全文的结构或写作方法， 也可能让考生试着猜测紧接着最后一段可能会写什么内容精讲研法】——课堂讲解突破核心考点考点 篇章结构题【例 1】 According to sociologists(form ofsocial stratification( 阶层 ) ． Classrank社会学家 ) ， every modern industrial society has some， power and status are important in deciding people'sin society.Class means a person's economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lowerclass ，middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should beexactly defined ，they do describe societieslikethe United Statesquite well.One studyshowsthat 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class， and 1% the upperclass.Interestingly， a surgeon earning $500,000a year and a bus driverearning$50,000a yearboth regard themselves as the middle class!Power refers to theamount of control a personhas over other people.Obviously， peopleinpositions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使 ) big power， but people whotake ordersfrom others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand， however.Forexample ，相应 but he or she may not belong to a corresponding( ，the governor of a state has greatpowerthere is a relationship between power and class.To our however ，的 ) economicclass.Generally ， S.Senate!ledge ， there aren't too many people who aren't millionaires in the U ． knowbe Status is the honor or respect attached to a person's position in society.It can alsohave may a university professor example ， but not necessarily so.For ， power affected by and classa high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of powerover others.(2013 ·陕 C)西， Which of the following shows the structure of the wholetext? 56．Paragraph) (P ： A【答案】children learned as they remember something they by 【例 2】Grown-ups are often surprised how wellbut have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years canstill swimas wellas everwhe。