非谓语动词的用法归纳(共27页).docx

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上非谓语动词Non-Finite VerbI 非谓语的三种形式 类别结构含义例句现在分词doing主动，进行1) boiling water 正在沸腾的水2) Do you know the girl standing over there? 你认识站在那里的那个女孩吗？being done被动，进行（正在被做）1) The houses being built now are for the teachers.现在正在建的那些房子是为老师而建的not) having done主动，完成（否定）1) Having waited for an hour, he left.等了一个小时后，他离开了2) Not having received a reply, he wrote another letter.没收到回复，他又写了一封信having been done被动，完成1) Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake. 虽然被告诉过好多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误过去分词done被动，完成1) The story told by Tom is very interesting.汤姆讲得故事非常有趣。

2) The houses built last year are very big.去年建的那些房子很大表所处的状态或特征1) Devoted to helping others, he is respected.他致力于帮助别人而受到尊重2) Interested in the book, he wants to buy it.他对这本书感兴趣想买下来不定式to do将来，主动1) I have much work to do.我有很多工作要做to be done将来，被动1) The houses to be built next month are very big.下个月将要被建的那些房子很大to have done完成，主动使用条件：1) 看结构是否需要；2) 看是否表达过去或完成之意1) He’s said to have invented the telephone.据说他发明了2) He is said to have been punished by his leader.据说他已经受到了他领导的惩罚II 本章要点1. 非谓语之不定式的用法2. 非谓语之动名词的用法。

3. 非谓语之现在分词的用法4. 非谓语之过去分词的用法5. 非谓语的时态语态6. 非谓语做宾语的用法I 非谓语语法点分述一、不定式 to do1. 不定式结构作主语Ø To see is to believe.Ø It is better to see something once than to hear about it a hundred times. a. 在很多情况下，特别是在口语中，常采用先行it代替主语，而把不定式后置：Ø It’s a great pleasure to be here.Ø It is not an easy thing to master a language.★区分用法★1) 直接用不定式做主语的句子显得更加正式2) 如主语和表语都是to do，则只能采用第一种形式Ø 对敌人仁慈就是对人民残忍 3) 如是疑问句或感叹句，则只能采用第二种形式。

Ø What is it like to be there?Ø What a joy it was to read Barak’s book!b. 用It is+形容词作表语时，由于逻辑主语不同导致的for和of的区别1) for sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如： difficult, interesting, easy, impossible等2) of sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示性格、品德、心智能力，表示主观感情或态度的形容 词，如：good, kind, nice, clever, foolish等★小试身手★1) To be fond of dancing was a certain step towards falling in love. 2) 对他来说，学两门外语是很困难的 3) 你能这么说很有礼貌。

★真题试炼★1) It’s important _____ the piano well.A. of him to play B. for him to play C. of him playing D. for him playing2) It’s wrong _____ her like that.A. of you to treat B. for you to treat C. of you treating D. for you treating2. 不定式结构作表语主语和表语都是不定式（其含义往往一是条件，一是结果），如：Ø To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.Ø To do that would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe. 3. 不定式结构作动词宾语(见表格附录)4. 不定式结构作定语用法例句及物动词to do出现在名词后面。

动宾关系He always has a lot of meetings to attend.Have you got anything to say at the meeting?主谓关系She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave.不及物动词to do出现在名词后面且带上相应的介词Let’s first find a room to live in. / to put the things in.We have nothing to worry about.♥Attention♥但前面被修饰的名词是place/time/way时可省略不及物动词的介词I think the best way to travel is by air.We have no place to live.★小试身手★1) 了解一个人最好的方法是和他/她生活一段时间. 2) 你有什么可以吃的东西吗? 3) 许多老人找不到可以安度晚年的地方. 5. 不定式结构作状语基本用法：不定式结构可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词等表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。

a. 表示目的(1) They ran over to welcome the delegates.♥Attention♥(1) in order to do 常置于句首用来强调目的2) so as to/so….as to 表示目的，不可以置于句首★小试身手★1) 为了能够准时到达那里，我们必须现在出发 2) 为了款待重要客人，他从英国请了管家 3) 他们一大早出发为了能赶上首班车 b. 表示结果(1) so …as to … 如此……以至于Ø Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle / tell me the time?(2) such (…) as to … 如此……以至于Ø I’m not such a fool as to believe that.(3) enough to … 足以Ø The boy is old enough to go to school.(4) too … to … 太……以至于不能Ø His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.(5) only to 不料却……，结果却…… 不定式之前有时可以加上only或but only，以加强 语气Ø I bought expensive tickets to the theatre, only to discover that the show was boring.★小试身手★1) 你说这些话只会把大家弄得更加紧张。

2) 她太小了不能看这个暴力电影 ♥Attention♥: 但是too….to结构前如果出现but, never, only等词时则表示肯定1) 活到老学到老 6. 不定式结构作宾语补足语a. 非谓语做宾补的用法结构含义举例see + 宾语 + do看见（宾语）做……了see him go to th。