Virginia Woolf(弗吉尼亚&183;伍尔芙)——阅读背景材料来自wikip.docx

Virginia Woolf(弗吉尼亚&183;伍尔芙)——阅读背景材料来自wikip GRE、TOEFL阅读背景材料——弗吉尼亚伍尔芙 Virginia Woolf From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Virginia woolf) Adeline Virginia Woolf (pronounced / w lf/; 25 January 1882 – 28 March 1941) was an English novelist, essayist, diarist, epistler, publisher, feminist, and writer of short stories, regarded as one of the foremost modernist literary figures of the twentieth century. During the interwar period, Woolf was a significant figure in London literary society and a member of the Bloomsbury Group. Her most famous works include the novels Mrs Dalloway (1925), To the Lighthouse (1927) and Orlando (1928), and the book-length essay A Room of Ones Own (1929), with its famous dictum, A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction. Virginia Woolf Contents 1 Early life 2 Bloomsbury 3 Work 4 Suicide 5 Modern scholarship and interpretations 6 In films 7 Bibliography 7.1 Novels 7.2 Short story collections 7.3 Biographies 7.4 Non-fiction books 7.5 Drama 7.6 Autobiographical writings and diaries 7.7 Letters 7.8 Prefaces, contributions 8 Biographies 9 Related works and cultural references 10 Notes 11 External links BornDiedOccupationNotable work(s)Spouse(s)InfluencesAdeline Virginia Stephen 25 January 1882 London, England28 March 1941 (aged 59) near Lewes, East Sussex, EnglandNovelist, Essayist, Publisher, CriticTo the Lighthouse, Mrs Dalloway, Orlando: A Biography, A Room of Ones OwnLeonard Woolf (1912–1941)William Shakespeare, George Eliot, Leo Tolstoy, Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Anton Chekhov, Emily Bronte, Daniel Defoe, E. M. Forster Early life Virginia Woolf was born Adeline Virginia Stephen in London in 1882. Her mother, a renowned beauty, Julia Prinsep Stephen (born Jackson) (1846–1895), was born in India to Dr. John and Maria Pattle Jackson and later moved to England with her mother, where she served as a model for Pre-Raphaelite painters such as Edward Burne-Jones.[1]Her father, Sir Leslie Stephen, was a notable historian, GRE、TOEFL阅读背景材料——弗吉尼亚伍尔芙 author, critic and mountaineer.[2] The young Virginia was educated by her parents in their literate and well-connected household at 22 Hyde Park Gate, Kensington. Her parents had each been married previously and been widowed, and, consequently, the household contained the children of three marriages. Julia had three children from her first husband, Herbert Duckworth: George Duckworth, Stella Duckworth, and Gerald Duckworth. Her father was married to Minny Thackeray, and they had one daughter: Laura Makepeace Stephen, who was declared mentally disabled and lived with the family until she was institutionalized in 1891.[3] Leslie and Julia had four children together: Vanessa Stephen (1879), Thoby Stephen (1880), Virginia (1882), and Adrian Stephen (1883). Sir Leslie Stephens eminence as an editor, critic, and biographer, and his connection to William Thackeray (he was Photographic portrait of Julia the widower of Thackerays youngest daughter), meant that Stephen, mother of Woolf, by Julia his children were raised in an environment filled with the Margaret Cameron. influences of Victorian literary society. Henry James, George Henry Lewes, Julia Margaret Cameron (an aunt of Julia Stephen), and James Russell Lowell, who was made Virginias honorary godfather, were among the visitors to the house. Julia Stephen was equally well connected. Descended from an attendant of Marie Antoinette, she came from a family of renowned beauties who left their mark on Victorian society as models for Pre-Raphaelite artists and early photographers. Supplementing these influences was the immense library at the Stephens house, from which Virginia and Vanessa (unlike their brothers, who were formally educated) were taught the classics and English literature. According to Woolfs memoirs, her most vivid childhood memories, however, were not of London but of St. Ives in Cornwall, where the family spent every summer until 1895. The Stephens summer home, Talland House, looked out over Porthminster Bay, and is still standing today, though somewhat altered. Memories of these family holidays and impressions of the landscape, especially the Godrevy Lighthouse, informed the fiction Woolf wrote in later years, most notably To the Lighthouse. The sudden death of her mother in 1895, when Virginia was 13, and that of her half-sister Stella two years later, led to the first of Virginias several nervous breakdowns. She was, however, able to take courses of study (some at degree level) in Greek, Latin, German and history at the Ladies’ Department of King’s College London。