聚合物改性粘土纳米复合材料的新型合成方法和性能分析.docx

备的聚氨酯／改性粘土(PU／OMT)纳米复合材料中，OMT和阻燃剂对纳米复合 材料的阻燃性能改善具有协同增强效应，从而进一步提高材料的阻燃性能2．尼龙6(PA6)、尼龙66(PA66)／改性粘土纳米复合材料的合成和性能研究 采用“单体插层．原位聚合法”成功地制备了新型的PA6／OMT和PA66／OMT纳 米复合材料，XRD和HREM分析表白，该纳米复合材料为层离的微观构造作 者采用XRD、FTIR、差示扫描量热(DSC)等措施具体研究了尼龙6和尼龙66／ 改性粘土纳米复合材料的结晶形态和形成氢键的能力，成果表白，与纯的尼龙6 或尼龙66相比，上述两种纳米复合材料中OMT片层的存在均能增进其基体PA6 或PA66的结晶浮现亚稳态晶相即Y相；在PA6／OMT中，基体PA6中Ⅱ相和Y 相相对含量随着温度的变化而变化，特别在冷却速度较快时更加突出，晶型变化 的同步，OMT片层也削弱了基体Y晶型中氢键的形成，原有Ⅱ晶型中氢键受到 的影响不明显；PA6／OMT和PA66／OMT纳米复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能的 研究表白，OMT片层均会提高纳米复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能，并且随着 OMT含量的增长而提高，同步OMT与阻燃剂在纳米复合材料中具有协同增效 作用。

九聚乙烯(PE)、马来酸酐改性聚乙烯(PEIdA)、聚苯乙烯(PS)或聚甲基丙烯酸 甲酯(P删A)／改性粘土纳米复合材料的溶剂热合成初次报道运用溶剂热法制备 聚乙烯、马来酸酐改性聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与改性粘土的纳米 复合材料，成功地获得了具有不同构造的层离、插层纳米复合材料作者具体研 究了MMT的离子互换容量和OMT的离子互换率、层间距、分子链极性和硬度 对形成聚合物／OMT纳米复合材料的影响特别应当指出，PE／OMT纳米复合材 料的热分析研究表白，其热稳定性比聚乙烯纯样有明显提高，具有潜在的应用价值?＼／～AbstractThe study on modifications of polymer materials received much attention for many years．The new progress in polymer／organoclay nanocomposites is reviewed in this paper based on the investigation of a large amount of literatures and the early—related work in our research group．Because of the nano—meter dimensional dispersion oforganoclay in the bulk of polymer，polymer／organoclay nanocomposites usuallypossess improved mechanical，thermal and flame retardant propeRies．It is a new idea and approach to prepare low—cost green chemical materials with high-strength， flame—retardant，and excellent thermal stability．The different intercalation mechanisms of different polymer and organoclay，the nano-structure of organoclay in the bulk polymer and the effect of organoclay on the mechanical，thermal and flame retardant properties of this kind of nanocomposites were investigated in several kinds of polymer／organoclay nanocomposites Thecorrelative experiment results indicated that this paper breaks a new path forengineering application ofthese novel nanocomposites．In summery，this paper involves three parts as follow：Study on Polyurethane／organoelay，polyurethane／clay and hydrophilic polyurethane，organoclay nanoeomposites The polyurethane／organoclay(PU／OMT) and polyurethane／clay(PU／MMT)nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ polymerization and the hydrophilic polyurethane／clay 0ayPU／OMT)was synthesized via solution polymerization．Mechanical，thermal stability and flame retardantproperties ofthese nanocomposites were investigated．The intercalated or delaminated structure in these systems was characterized by XRD and HREM．The FTIR results further revealed that OMT layers reduce the formation of hydrogen bonds in the PU bulk of PU／OMT，but MMT layers can’t reduce the formation of hydrogen bonds inthe PU bulk of PU／MMT as much as that in PU／OMT．In addition，the effect of OMT layers on the formation ofhydmgen bonds ofhyPU in the hyPU／OMT is less than that in the PU／OMT．The studies on the mechanical，thermal and flame retardant properties ofPU／OMT nanocomposites indicate that appropriate content of OMT in the PU／OMTnanocomposites improves the tensile strength of PU／OMT，but the MMT layers reduce the tensile strength of PU／MMT；The thermal stability of PU／OMT nanocomposites improves with the increase of OMT content．The flame retardant properties of PU／OMT nanoeomposites improve as compared with that of pure PU． The study of PU／OMT／flame retardant agent hybrids shows that there is a synergistic effect between OMT and flame retardant agent．Study on the nylon 6／organoelay and nylon 6，6／organoelay nanoeomposites The aylon6／organoclay 牮A6／OMT) and nylon 6，6／organoclay(PA66／ON蘑I') nanocomposites were synthesized by in situ polymerization+The delmninatedstructure was characterized by XRD and HREM．The studies on the crystallization ofPA6／OMT and PA66／OMT nanocomposites indicate that OMT layers promote the formation of Y crystalline state in polymer bulk，which is more obvious when the cooling rate was faster．The change of crystalline state of PA6 is due to the fact thatOMT layers hinder the formation ofhydrogen bond in the PA6／OMT nanocomposites，The studies on the thermal and flame retardant properties of PA6／OMT andPA6670MT nanocomposites indicate that the thermal stability of PA6／OMT andPA66，70MT nanocomposites improves as the OMT content increases．The flame retardant properties of PA6／OMT and PA66／OMT nanocomposites improve as compared with that ofpure PA6 and PA66。

Stud)on the polymer／organoclay nanoeomposites via solvothermal method P01)7ethylene／organoclay(PE／OMT)，polystyrene／organoclay(PS／OMT)，poly (methyl methacrylate)(PMMA／OMT)and maleic polyethylene／organocIay (PEMA／OMT)nanocomposites were prepared using solvothermal method and characterized by XRD and HREM．The effect of different properties on the formation of delaminated or intercalated structure was investigated such as ion—exchange capacity of MMI"，ion—exchange rate of OMT，gallery of OMT，polarity。