
9Aunit5Grammar.ppt
42页Unit 5Art World GrammarØTo learn to use because, since and as to give reasonsØTo learn the new words: because, since, as, highly, breath and lastObjectivesA Giving reasons with because We use because to introduce clauses of reason. Its tone is strong.• I like listening to music because it makes me feel relaxed.• I like painting because I like all the different colours.• He loves the sounds of the rushing water and the blowing wind because, to him the best music comes from nature.We often use because to answer why questions.• Millie: Why do you love Michael Jackson? Daniel: Because he was the King of Pop.We never use the conjunction so in sentences with because. because, since和和as引导的原因状语从句引导的原因状语从句Because表示表示直接的原因或理由直接的原因或理由直接的原因或理由直接的原因或理由,着重点在从句,用于回,着重点在从句,用于回答答why,语气最强,常译为,语气最强,常译为“因为因为”。
Since一般表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的一般表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的既成事实的理既成事实的理既成事实的理既成事实的理由由由由,全句中心在主句,语气比,全句中心在主句,语气比because弱,常译为弱,常译为“既然既然”As表示表示十分明显的原因十分明显的原因十分明显的原因十分明显的原因,一般说明因果关系,着重点在主句,,一般说明因果关系,着重点在主句,语气较弱,常译为语气较弱,常译为“由于由于”Difference 原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示原因状语从句是指在复合句中表示主句动作主句动作发生发生原因原因的句子because引导的原因状语引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句的后面,从句一般放于主句的后面,because从句位从句位于句首时要用逗号分开于句首时要用逗号分开,放在句末,放在句末 时,可不时,可不用逗号分开用逗号分开•I did not go to school yesterday because I was ill. 我昨天没去上学,因为我生病了我昨天没去上学,因为我生病了•Because it was raining, we had to stay at home. 因为下雨,我们只好呆在家里。
因为下雨,我们只好呆在家里becausebecause引导的原因状语从句引导的原因状语从句because意思是意思是“因为因为”,表示动作发,表示动作发生的直接原因,语气很强,常用来回答生的直接原因,语气很强,常用来回答why引导的疑问句引导的疑问句—Why didn’t he go with us today? 他为什么今天没跟我们一起去?他为什么今天没跟我们一起去?— Because he was too tired. 因为他太累了因为他太累了在强调句式中在强调句式中, 若强调原因壮语从句,若强调原因壮语从句,只能用只能用because引导的从句引导的从句Example:It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with us.正因为他病了,他才没和我们一正因为他病了,他才没和我们一起去汉语里我们习惯说汉语里我们习惯说“因为因为……所以所以……”,但使用英语时不能将,但使用英语时不能将because 与与so连用因为因为我的自行车坏了,我的自行车坏了,所以所以我昨天坐公我昨天坐公交车去学校交车去学校• Because my bike was broken, I went to school by bus yesterday. (√ )• Because my bike was broken, so I went to school by bus yesterday. (×)because引导的原因状语从句有时可与引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 介词短语转换,介词短语转换,because of不能不能引导从句,其后一般跟名词形式短语。
引导从句,其后一般跟名词形式短语• He can’t come because he is ill. =He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能来他因病不能来• They didn’t go to the museum because of the rain.= They didn’t go to the museum because it rained. 因为下雨,他们没去博物馆因为下雨,他们没去博物馆 Questions about Tan Dun Daniel has more questions about Tan Dun. He searched the Internet and made some notes. Look at his notes and answer his questions. Use because to introduce the reasons.He has successfully brought Chinese and Western music together.He is a world-famous composer.He thinks the best music comes from nature.He has created a new type of music — music without boundaries.1.Why was Tan Dun chosen to write music for the Beijing Olympics? __________________________________Because he is a world-famous composer.2. Why does Tan like the sounds of nature? _______________________________________________3. Why is Tan able to build a bridge between the East and the West? __________________________________ _________________________________4. Why do people think highly of Tan's music? __________________________________ _________________________________Because he thinks the best music comes from nature.Because he has successfully brought Chinese and Western music together.Because he has created a new type of music — music without boundaries.A Giving reasons with because We use because to introduce clauses of reason. Its tone is strong.• I like listening to music because it makes me feel relaxed.• I like painting because I like all the different colours.• He loves the sounds of the rushing water and the blowing wind because, to him the best music comes from nature.B Giving reasons with since and asSince and as are also used to give reasons for something. Usually the reasons are already known. Their tone is weaker than because.• Since he had no musical instruments then, he made music with common objects like stones and paper.• As he likes the sounds of nature, Tan uses them a lot in his musicSince and as are used in the same way and have no difference in meaning.我们也可以用我们也可以用since 和和as 引导原因状语从引导原因状语从句:句:• Since you are free, you’d better tidy your bedroom. 既然你有空,你最好吧卧室整理一下。
既然你有空,你最好吧卧室整理一下• As you were not here, I left a message. 因为你不在那里,所以我留了个信儿因为你不在那里,所以我留了个信儿sincesince和和asas引导的原因状语从句引导的原因状语从句since 意思是意思是“既然;由于;因为既然;由于;因为”,,表示已知的、显然的理由,较正式,多表示已知的、显然的理由,较正式,多位于句首位于句首• Since it is late, I shall go home right now. 由于时间不早了,我得马上回家由于时间不早了,我得马上回家• Since we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱,我们不能购买它由于我们没钱,我们不能购买它as 和和since 用法大体相同,表示附带说明用法大体相同,表示附带说明的的“双方已知的原因双方已知的原因” because语势最强,表示不知道的原因用语势最强,表示不知道的原因用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道即说话人认为听话人不知道当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用就用as或或 since。
• As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨,你最好乘出租车既然在下雨,你最好乘出租车注意注意1:: seeing (that),, now (that),, considering (that),, in that 这几个短语与这几个短语与since引导的引导的原因状语意思相近原因状语意思相近,, 都表示都表示“既然既然”• Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外边下雨,我们最后呆在室内既然外边下雨,我们最后呆在室内• Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 既来之,则安之既来之,则安之• Considering (that) everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. 既然大家都到了,我们就开始讨论既然大家都到了,我们就开始讨论 吧• In that he is ill, he feels unable to do it. 因为他生病了,所有他觉得做不了那因为他生病了,所有他觉得做不了那 件事。
件事 for引导的是引导的是并列句并列句表示原因但并不说明主句行表示原因但并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,为发生的直接原因, 只提供一些辅助性的补充说只提供一些辅助性的补充说明,明, for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须引导的并列句只能放于主句之后并且必须用用逗号逗号将其与主句隔开将其与主句隔开• He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能见过我,他不可能见过我, 因为我不在那里因为我不在那里• He seldom goes out now, for he is very old. 他现在难得出门了,因为他年事已高他现在难得出门了,因为他年事已高注意注意2::We did not go out because it was raining.(因为下雨,我们没有出去因为下雨,我们没有出去It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.(昨晚一定下雨了,因为今天早上地都是昨晚一定下雨了,因为今天早上地都是湿的) —推断推断for虽然表示原因,但因语气比虽然表示原因,但因语气比because弱得多,弱得多,是可说可不说的话,只能位于主句之后。
这时,是可说可不说的话,只能位于主句之后这时,for是是并列连词并列连词,如果是对前面主语内容加以,如果是对前面主语内容加以解释解释或推断时或推断时,只能用,只能用for An art festivalB1 There is going to be an art festival at Sunshine Middle School. Help Amy make sentences with since or as.1.Daniel decided to play the violin at the art festival. He is good at it.____________________________________________________________________Daniel decided to play the violin at the festival ,since/as he is good at it2. Kitty will dance at the song and dance show. She has to practise hard these days. _______________________________ ________________________________ _______________3. Sandy will design the posters for the art festival. She can draw very well. ____________________________________________________________________Since/As Kitty will dance at the song and dance show, she has to practise hard these days.Sandy will design the posters for the art festival Since/As she can draw very well.4. Some students love painting and taking photos. There will be a students’ art show. ________________________________ ________________________________ _________________5. The art festival is open to all students and parents. Everybody is welcome. _______________________________________________________________________________Since/As Some students love painting and taking photos, there will be a students’ art show.Since/As the art festival is open to all students and parents, everybody is welcome.B2 Sunshine Middle School gave all the students free tickets to an opera during the art festival. Sandy is writing about it in her diary. Help her complete her diary entry with because or since/as. Our school gave us free tickets to an opera (1)_______ it can help us learn more about different art forms.because (2)_________ Millie also planned to take the underground, we went to the theatre together. When we arrived, Kitty had already been there. Soon Simon and Daniel came. (3)________ it was still early, we went to buy some drinks. "We’d better be quick (4)_________the opera will begin in 20 minutes," Kitty suggested. We came back quickly. Then we waited for Amy outside the theatre.Since/AsSince/Assince/as “The opera is going to start in a minute. Please come inside,” the man at the door said, but Amy did not appear. After a while, we saw Amy runningtowards us. “I’m late (5)________ there was too much traffic,” she said, out of breath. Then we hurried into the theatre. (6)________ the opera had just started, we did not miss much.becauseSince/AsThe opera lasted for one and a half hours. We did not get bored at all (7)________ it was really wonderful.becauseExercises1. ____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as2. He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. A. and B. for C. but D. orAI. 单项选择。
单项选择B3.The fuel must have been finished, ____ the engine stopped. A. since B. as C. because D. for4. _____that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better. A. For B. Now C. Since D. DespiteDB5. The doctor told the patient to go on a diet _____ he was overweight. A. on the condition of B. because C. for D. when6. _____ the weather was fine, I opened all the windows. A. As B. Because of C. For D. WithBA7. ______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. A. For B. Since C. Before D. While 8. The man can’t get on the bus ______ there is no room on it. A. though B. because C. until D so thatBB9. ______ you are unable to answer perhaps we should ask someone else. A. Because B. Before C. Since D. After10. _____ we are both tired, let’s just grab a takeaway(叫外卖叫外卖). A. / B. When C. Because D. As CD11. If you go to visit London, don’t forget your _____ because it rains a lot. (2012江西江西) A. passport B. money C. map D. umbrella12. — Where did you go yesterday, Rick? — I went to see a _____ because I had a cold. (2012成都成都) A. teacher B. doctor C. reporter 13. I won't take part in Julie's birthday party _____ I am invited. (2012济宁济宁) A. unless B. after C. because D. if 14. _____ he exercises every day, ___ he is very healthy. (2012玉林玉林) A. Because; so B. Because; through C. Because; / D. Though; /II. 用用becausebecause,,since/assince/as填空。
填空1.________ it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.2.________ you are wrong, you should apologize to him.3.— Why didn’t he come? — _______ he was too busy.4. ________ this method does not work, let’s try another.5. I like listening to Michael Jackson’s music ________ it is very exciting.Since/AsSince/AsBecauseSince/AsbecauseHomework1.Revise the grammatical items in this period. 2.Finish all the exercises in the workbook.3.Preview the next period. 。












