高考英语一轮复习每日一题(第11周)过去完成时(含解析).doc

考点 过去完毕时高考频度：★★★★★ 难易限度：★★★★☆ 1.（·北京卷·单项填空）In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented 拼十年寒窗挑灯苦读不畏难；携双亲期盼背水勇战定夺魁如果你但愿成功，以恒心为良友，以经验为参谋，以小心为兄弟，以但愿为哨兵C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented【参照答案】D【答案解析】句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部，并且无线还主线没有发明出来根据句意可知用被动语态，排除A和C，事情发生在过去，与目前无关，不用目前完毕时，排除B，故选D，过去完毕时的被动语态4.(·浙江卷·单项填空)Silk __________ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A. had become B. was becoming C. has become D.is becoming【参照答案】A 【应试必备】过去完毕时（主语+had+过去分词）1. 基本构造：肯定句：主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其她.否认句：主语 + had + not + 过去分词 + 其她.一般疑问句：Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其她?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组 + 一般疑问句（Had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其她）？2. 基本用法（1）表达在过去某一时刻或动作此前完毕了的动作，也可以说过去的时间有关过去的动作。

即＂过去的过去＂可以用by，before等介词短语或一种时间状语从句(在复合句中，由时间连接词引导的状语从句叫做时间状语从句)来表达，也可以用一种表达过去的动作来表达，还也许通过上下文来表达　　By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片2）表达由过去的某一时刻开始，始终延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用　　I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已经等了20分钟　　He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 她说自从1949年以来她就在那家工厂工作3）论述过去发生的事情，在已论述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述此前发生的动作时，常使用过去完毕时Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。

她此前是我的好朋友　　I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，由于我没有好好学习功课4）在具有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果论述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完毕时I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了5）过去完毕时常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表达的过去的动作之前He said that he had known her well. 她说她很熟悉她　　I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我觉得我一星期前就把信寄出去了6）状语从句：在过去不同步间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完毕时；发生在后，用一般过去时　　如when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引导的从句。

When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时雨已停了She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work. 她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉　　注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完毕时，特别是在涉及before和after的复合句中，由于这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时替代过去完毕时After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English. 马克思达到英格兰之后，努力提高她的英语水平7）动词think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完毕时来表达过去未曾实现的想法、但愿、打算或意图等　　They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 她们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里　　We had hoped to be able to come and see you. 我们本来但愿能来看看你。

8）过去完毕时还可用在hardly...when...，no sooner... than...，It was the first (second, etc) time (that)...等固定句型中Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 她刚开始演讲，听众就打断了她　　No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 她刚到就又走了　　It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 这是她那一年第三次失业了3. 过去完毕时的语法鉴定（1）由时间状语来鉴定一般说来，多种时态均有特定的时间状语与过去完毕时连用的时间状语有：①by + 过去的时间点　　I had finished reading the novel by nine o’clock last night.②by the end of + 过去的时间点　　We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.③before + 过去的时间点　　They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.（2）由＂过去的过去＂来鉴定过去完毕时表达＂过去的过去＂，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完毕的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完毕时，在后的用一般过去时。

这种用法常出目前：①宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完毕时如told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句　　She said that she had seen the film before.　　②状语从句中在时间、条件、因素、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完毕时，动作在后的要用一般过去时　　After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意：before，after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 自身已体现了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表达的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时　　After he closed the door, he left the classroom.　　③表达意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完毕时表达＂原本……，未能……＂　　We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t.（3）根据上、下文来鉴定　　I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other since he went to Beijing.【巧学妙记】过去完毕时记忆口诀had 加上＂过去分＂，构成过去完毕时。

过去完毕的意义，也表＂完毕＂或＂延续＂若有主、从两个句，先后动作分别叙哪个在先哪＂完毕＂，哪个在后哪＂过去＂1. Alan Greenspan, once reported as a financial god, had to admit that he ____________ some serious mistakes.A. made B. had made C. has been making D. has made2. On the morning of October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus and his crew came to the shores of the Caribbean islands, mistakenly believing they ____________ in Southeast Asia.A. arrived B. had arrived C. has arrived D. would arrive3.—Did you have to do much for the dinner party?—Helen ______ everything by the time I got home.A. finished       B. was finishing       C. would finish         D. had finished4.—Guess what? I happened to have met Mark at the party last week.—If my memory serves me correctly, you two ______ each other for almost ten years.A. haven't seen              B. hadn't seen                  C. didn't see                     D. don't see参照答案3.D 【解析】考察时态。

第二句句意：到我回到家的时候，Helen已经做完了所有的事情动作finish发生于got home之间，因此用过去完毕时。