浅析英语图画作文的立意与写作方法.docx

浅析英语图画作文的立意与写作方法 【摘要】近年来，图画作文广泛地出现在各类英语考试中，如研究生入学英语考试和英语四六级测试等因此，本文将分析英语图画作文的立意与写作方法，以帮助考生训练其逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局的能力，从而创作出高水平的文章，同时也为大学英语写作课程的开展与优化提供参考关键词】图画作文；写作方法【作者简介】游航，四川大学外国语学院一、前言近年来，图画作文广泛地出现在各类英语考试中，如研究生入学英语考试和英语四六级测试等尤其是在我国2000年之后的研究生入学英语考试中，提示信息多以图画形式出现，而行文又以议论文为主但是考生普遍得分较低，其文章在立意与写作方面都存在很多问题，究其原因，主要是考生缺乏英语写作的指导与训练，因此，本文将结合题目与范文分析英语图画作文的立意与写作方法，以帮助考生训练其逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局的能力，提高写作水平，同时也为大学英语写作课程的开展与完善提供参考二、图画作文之立意图画作文通常会给出一幅或几幅图片和简略的文字提示，考生需要仔细观察图片，并分析图片所反映的社会现象或问题，以“透过现象看本质”，“一朵花中见天堂”的眼光剖析图画中蕴含的深刻寓意，确定文章的中心论点，然后开始写作。

由于题目明确要求考生在文中应简单描述图片，阐释图片寓意并写出自己的评论，故此类应试作文应采用议论文文体鉴于篇幅，考生虽不用旁征博引，但也应做到言之有理，论之有据，论述充分，论据详实且有说服力優秀的作文源于优秀的思想，这就要求考生平时要积累丰富的知识，包括语言、经济、历史、文化和社会的方方面面同时还应养成细心观察和热爱思考的好习惯，逐渐培养自己分析问题和解决问题的能力以及逻辑思辨能力这样才不会在写作时无话可说或无从下笔写作源于生活而高于生活，考生若是善于观察、思考，将个人经历与对生活的感悟融入写作，做到有感而发、有情可述、有据可依，必将成就一篇优秀的作文此外，考试时切忌仓促下笔，逻辑混乱或上下文衔接不当考生应在确定文章论点和中心思想后先写一个提纲，进行一到两分钟的头脑风暴搜寻论据，然后筛选合适的论据并按一定的顺序组织起来，最后再动笔写作，完成写作之后还应适当检查、修改写作时可以按以下步骤进行：第一部分（破题、引入）用一、两句话简单描写图片的主要信息，点出图片所反映的社会现象并引入话题第二部分（立论、阐述、论据）提出论点，进一步分析图片揭示的寓意、该社会现象产生的原因或某负面情况导致的后果，并辅之以具体论据充分论述。

论据可以是客观事实、历史事件、名人典故或具体数据等等第三部分（总结）再次强调文章的中心论点，结尾简短有力，发人深思且令人印象深刻注意总结部分不能有前文未涉及到的内容，也不能提出新观点，最好做到首尾呼应，如果前文提出了某个问题，这里应给予回答需要指出的是考生不必按“三段论”的方式罗列以上三部分内容，应打破固定的思维模式，灵活组织段落例如，开头引入部分可以与第二部分写成一段，总结陈述部分为第二段；抑或破题引入部分自成一段，立论阐述部分为第二段，一句话总结写在第二段末尾；再则可以让第二部分各分论点独立成段，文章可以是“四段论”、“五段论”、“六段论”……此外，短文作文要求考生在切中题意并覆盖所有内容要点的基础上使用丰富的语法结构和词汇，切忌千篇一律和句式单一，语言应自然流畅，语句连贯，条理清晰，忌背模版或依葫芦画瓢例1】Directions： Write an essay of 160～200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay， you should describe the drawing briefly， explain its intended meaning， and then give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （2009年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题）Sample：As can be seen in the picture， in the “net” sit a group of people surfing the net. They enjoy sending messages and expressing ideas through the internet so much that they almost forget the goodness and uniqueness of face-to-face communication.Theres no doubt that Internet is one of the greatest innovations of the 20th century which has revolutionized the world in almost every aspect. It has changed the way we behave and the way we communicate. We benefit a lot from the convenience of online shopping， video call， network course and the like. Moreover， we could even have access to the newly released album， movie or the latest academic journal via the internet. However， theres also some negative impact that cannot be neglected. More and more young people prefer to press the button and chat online， which makes them alienated from their family and even the real society. Some students tend to spend hours watching movie or playing computer games， making the great invention enemy of their health. According to the recent survey， nearly 40% of the teenagers in our country are addicted to Internet， among which half of them have psychological problems. They benefit from the net， love the fun it brings to them， but they are also caught in the net. The situation is so serious that its high time that certain measures should be taken to cope with it.An British writer named Charles Percy Snow once said “technology is an odd thing： it brings you great gifts with one hand， and it stabs you in the back with the other.” Internet is no exception. Only if we use it with proper purposes and self-control can we foster the strength of Internet while avoiding its disadvantages and enjoy our life to the best.这是一篇很好的议论文，不仅中心突出、层次清晰，而且使用了丰富的句型和语法结构，语言表达连贯、自然。

作者开篇简明扼要地描述了图片内容，并提出自己的论点倒装句“in the ‘net sit a group of people surfing the net”的使用不仅简洁明确，而且运用“net”一词多意的特点重复使用使文章具有節奏感和韵律美，后文“goodness and uniqueness”的并列也是一样第二段中作者展开论述，运用了充分的论据阐述网络的优势与弊端，其中也不乏优秀的句子最后一段作者引用英国作家查尔斯的名言指出科技是一把双刃剑，我们只有正确使用互联网并学会自我控制才能趋利避害，首尾呼应，升华中心例2】Directions： Write an essay of 160～200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay， you should describe the drawing briefly， explain its intended meaning， and support your view with an example / examples.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题）Sample：As is shown is the picture above， in a football match， a goal keeper is standing in front of a goal， preparing to stop a player from kicking the ball in. At the same time， the goal keeper is thinking： “How wide the goal is， but how small I am！ How can I stop the ball？” Meanwhile， the player is thinking what is contrary to that， “How big the keeper is！ How can I kick the ball in？”Apparently， the purpose of the picture is to emphasize the importance of self-confidence in our daily life. We often underestimate ourselves and overestimate others. In all walks of life， competition grows increasingly fierce， imposing tremendous pressure on us， so we must maintain self-confidence in the face of challenges to succeed. Losing our self-confidence before we take actions can not only destroy our mood but also affect our performance.For example， when I was in the middle school， our school basketball team once played against a famous team in the cit。