《虹》中揭示人物内心的叙事艺术.pdf

河北师范大学硕士学位论文《虹》中揭示人物内心的叙事艺术姓名：康俊莉申请学位级别：硕士专业：英语语言文学指导教师：姬生雷20100401VI摘摘 要要 劳伦斯是二十世纪英国文学史上最富独创性、 最有争议性和最具超前意识的作家之一尽管他的文学作品因大胆探讨性在生活中的重要性而遭非议，甚至其中数部被查封或禁止出版但是，他对世界文学所作出的伟大贡献最终获得了世人的认可和敬仰在他短暂的一生中，他一直在践行自己的创作风格，试图更好地捕捉人类心灵瞬间所迸发出的火花他以创新的心理意识描写而闻名，并形成独特的叙事艺术，尤其擅长刻画人物的内心世界 《虹》是劳伦斯最著名也最有争议的小说之一，是其创作的最高成就之一而且在叙事风格上较其其他作品更具代表性本文将以小说叙事学和小说修辞学的理论为依据，对劳伦斯在《虹》中揭示人物内心世界的叙事艺术加以分析，以期更好地把握劳伦斯的作品，并对研究其他文学作品有所补益 论文共分三章， 第一章主要分析了劳伦斯如何运用全知全能视角和人物视角两种叙事视角的变换来展现《虹》中人物内心的艺术全知全能式叙事视角是指叙述者在叙述中行使自己全部权利，全面地、多角度地、内外结合地叙述故事情节及其人物行为和心理活动；人物视角式叙事是指小说中的叙事以小说中的某个人物的视点来展开，通过人物的情感体验和感知程度来展开故事和叙述议论。

一方面，劳伦斯运用大量的全知视角对故事情节和人物内心进行分析与说明，使作品更具广度和深度；另一方面，劳伦斯通过人物视角对男女主人公的外貌和心理活动进行了描写和评论， 从而使人物形象更加栩栩如生，更具灵性这种灵活多变的叙事视角不仅使人物和事件紧密结合，人物形象更加生动深刻， 而且形成了一种多视点、 多侧面的叙事风格， 让读者获得丰富的审美感受 第二章主要探讨了劳伦斯如何通过内心独白和自由间接引语两种叙事技巧的交织来揭示人物内心的艺术内心独白是一种描绘人物内心意识活动的技巧；自由间接引语则是一种部分地通过作者的声音传递人物声音的手法， 叙述者承担或部分承担了人物的言语，人物通过叙述者的声音说话，叙述者的视角与人物的视角混合于一体劳伦斯娴熟地运用这两种技巧描叙玛什农庄三代人的内心世界， 既可以使读者对人物的内心进行观察，又保证叙述者的话语得以表达，使小说的叙述显得更加精炼、更富于戏剧化，给人一种深微细腻、含蓄隽永的美学品格 VII第三章着重探讨了劳伦斯如何运用自由联想、 象征和意象多种叙事手法交错来刻画和烘托人物内心的艺术自由联想是突发的、未经作家加工的，因而事件之间不具有时间上的因果连接，体现了现实的自然性和真实性。

借助这种叙事手法，人物的内心世界真实地呈现在读者的面前； 象征和意象手法的使用不仅达到了挖掘人物深层心理和小说哲学内涵的目的，而且体现出诗质的美感，读者犹入幽深扑朔的境地，细细体悟其深邃意味 劳伦斯将心理分析及叙事技巧完美而巧妙地结合到一起， 显示出其精湛的叙事技巧和叙事艺术，特别是揭示人物内心世界的高超艺术令人叹为观止 《虹》的成功不仅给读者以深深的感染，而且对世界文学产生了深远的影响 关键词关键词：视角 内心独白 自由间接话语 自由联想 象征和意象 IVAbstract D.H. Lawrence is one of the most original, controversial and ahead-of-his-time writers in the twentieth century English literature. Although some of his novels were banned for boldly involving the importance of sexual life when they were published, his great contribution for the world literature is eventually confirmed and admired. During his short life span, he had been carrying out what was the “modernist experiments” to catch on the inner flames of human mind. What’s more, he is famous for his consciousness of innovation and established his distinct narrative style, especially the narrative art of presentation of the characters’ inward life. The discussions will be based on the narrative art of The Rainbow, which is generally acknowledged as one of his best and most controversial works. This novel is more representative in narrative maneuvers than others. Hence an attempt is made in this thesis to provide an analysis of Lawrence’s art of presentation of inward life based on the theories of fictional narratology and fictional rhetoric, with an aim to have better understanding of Lawrence’s novel and benefit both the study and the appreciation of other literary works. The thesis is made up of three parts. Chapter One is about alteration of two kinds of narrative point of view to present the characters’ inward life including the omniscient point of view and the figural point of view. Lawrence applies the two kinds of point of view to clarify the characters’ idea and feeling and search for the appropriate aesthetics, so that the reader can sense the characters’ voice, emotion, appearance and personalities. The flexible and varied narrative point of view can make not only the main characters and the events relate closely but also the characters’ inner world vivid and profound. This narrative artistic style gives the readers rich aesthetic appreciation. Chapter Two focuses on the interweaving of the two narrative techniques to articulate the characters’ inward life. The interior monologue is a technique of representing psychic content and processes at various levels of conscious control. The technique of free indirect discourse helps to reveal the characters’ thoughts and feelings in the narrative process more Vdirectly. D.H. Lawrence makes a skillful use of them to reveal the personal experience of the three generations in Marsh Farm, the readers can have the impression that the characters’ consciousness is displayed vividly before them and this technique enriches the novel aesthetic perception. Chapter Three stresses the integrity of the multiple narrative devices to present the characters’ inward life. Free association signifies the process of the aimless and illogical flow of the character’s consciousness, and it is the best way to reveal inner feeling. The symbol is rooted in the psychological experience and the image is a rhetorical device by which a sense impression is conveyed. Lawrence combines them in his novel to depict and present the characters’ complicated emotion and experiences. With the help of the narrative methods, the beauty penetrates into the novel and the readers can appreciate the colorful and exquisite description. Lawrence perfectly combines the psychoanalysis with narratology, revealing his remarkable skill in narrative techniques, especially in presenting the character’s inward life. His success has a great and deep influence on world literature. Key Words: point of view interior monologue free indirect discourse free association symbol and image III学位论文原创性声明 学位论文原创性声明 本人所提交的学位论文“The Narrative Art of Presentation of the Inward Life in The Rainbow”，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研。