[大学英语写作Unit2]大学英语写作模板.docx

[大学英语写作Unit2]大学英语写作模板 　　Unit 2 避免跑题　　在第一单元里我们从宏观角度讨论了英语文章结构的组成部分，包含开头、中间和结尾我们知道，文章的结构是为内容服务的，也就是说它是文章内容的外在显现，一篇文章怎样布局要由内容来决定那么内容又是什么呢?内容是作者要表示的思想比如，作者的写作目标是想劝说xx护野生动物，那么她首先应该谈为何野生动物需要保护，它们和人类的关系是什么，假如没有野生动物和人类共同存在人类将会怎样，等等作者还能够经过详细的事例论证部分濒危动物可能会给人类生活带来的麻烦作者在文章的最终能够得出这么的结论：野生动物必需和人类共存现在，我们需要了解两个和内容亲密相关的概念：专题和论题专题泛指一篇文章讨论的关键问题，通常见“有关„„”来表述如上面举的例子能够用一句“这篇文章是有关野生动物保护的”来概括其专题又比如，习作1至3的专题是相关选修“英语写作”课的目标罗索散文的专题是相关自己生活目标论题是指真实性需要经过证实的命题如鲁迅的杂文“论费厄波赖应该缓行”就可视为文章的论题，尽管它又是文章的标题因为专题这个概念的内涵比较宽泛，在议论文写作中作者应该紧紧围绕文章的论题来写。

　　除了专题和论题之外，我们还应该了解部分和议论文相关的概念，如论点、论据和结论作者对论题的态度和论证这一意见的理由称论点用来支持作者论点的事实或思辨称为论据文章最终得出的结论应该是作者为之辩护的论点在写作议论文的整个过程中，论点、论据和论证的过程全部要紧紧围绕论题　　下面让我们看一组同学自己命题的作文，题目是“互联网增强还是减弱了人际关系?”首先让我们来分析一下这个标题读到这个标题以后我们马上会想到这是一个含有争议的题目为何会做出这么的判定呢?因为在标题中我们看到对互联网和人际关系之间存在两种不一样的意见，而作者的任务就是要在文章中表明自己的看法，并用事实来证实自己看法的正确性因此这篇文章是经过自己的议论要读者相信作者的看法，所以，它是一篇议论文本单元拟回复以下多个问题：　　1．怎样识别文章的论题?　　2．论题在文章中的位置怎样?　　3．怎样使论据围绕论题而写?　　4．结论和论点的关系是什么?　　Student Essay 4　　Has The Internet Strengthened or Weakened Human　　Relationships?　　1 With the wide spread [With wide spread] of the internet，it is　　infiltrating to everybody‟s life．But what is the influence of the　　internet on the personal relationship [on personal relationship]?　　Maybe，as the old saying goes “one coins has two sides　　the internet also has two sides，the positive one and the negative　　one．　　2 Let‟s talk about the positive effect of the Internet first．As we　　know, evident features of the net are that it contains such huge　　quantities of information and also has so fast a speed．It enables　　us to communicate with others more conveniently. For example。

　　if you want to send e-mails to a friend, just by a click，the other　　one can read it almost at the same time．Without having to wait　　for a long time for ordinary mails, without being anxious for the　　missing letter，you can communicate with your friends millions　　of miles away．　　3 The Internet not only strengthens friendship but also makes you　　closer to strangers，and if goes a step further [if going a step　　further]，to the whole world．Your friends can vary from　　presidents to prisoners，from the rich to the poor，from the far to　　the close. There is no boundary of nations，races，cultural　　background，and so on．You are nearly entirely free．You can　　find the ones who appreciate you，who like you，who can　　sympathize with you．So join the Internet and show yourself!　　Express yourself on the BBS；make you understood [make　　yourself understood] on the OICQ; meet new guys by chatting；　　get bosom friends who have the same attitude towards the world　　with you! You will cry out “What a world：What a net!”，In a　　word，just because of the internet, you are closer to the others　　in another word [world]．　　4 The net not only has its beautiful side，but also has the ugly one。

　　that is the negative aspect．Is it safe to communicate on the net?　　Will everyone earnestly face the others when in a virtual World?　　And if just communicate [if a person just communicates] with　　the machine directly all the time，will the person [s／he] get along　　with the human beings normally in everyday life? These are the　　questions that puzzled [are puzzling] a lot of people．　　5 More and more facts seemed to take us beside an unfathomable　　abyss．Is the net safe enough for us to get in touch with others?　　Can we believe in the people on the net? The cruel truth makes　　us hold back．The CIH，the LOVE Bug，the false applications　　make us hesitate to open new mails．The news that net murders　　killed innocent girls through the net has already shaken the　　World．Although the safety of the net is better day by day, we　　still just have few ways to defend [fight against] hackers‟　　attacks.　　6 All of the above seemed to let us suspect nearly anyone on the　　net．In another word [In other words]，doesn"t the Internet　　weaken human relationship? You may cry out again“What a　　world! What a net!” with [a] contrary meanings．　　7 After the above analysis you may be more puzzled．It seems that　　I haven"t told you whether I think the net has strengthened or　　weakened human relationship at all．In fact，there is no answer. It just depend on how you will harness it, and how you use it. We　　must be conscious of its both sides.　　读完习作4以后我们发觉，作者并没有像我们先前想像的那样要表明自己的立场。

而是持一个不偏不倚的态度，她认为互联网同时既能够增强也能够减弱人际关系那么这是否符合议论文的写法呢?　　如前所述，议论的实质就是大家对某个问题的见解存在异议，无法达成一致，所以需要经过辩论而得到处理那么议论文的作者就是要在坚持自己看法的前提下尽可能经过多种论证手法使读者相信自己是正确的假如作者自己对两种看法不发表任何意见，而是让读者自己拿出判定，那么这篇文章就不能称其为议论文　　从习作的标题我们能够看出，作者应该在二者中选择一个立场，或认为互联网减弱了人际交往，或认为互联网促进了人际交往，二者必居其一习作4的弱点正在于此作者认为互联网既能够增强人际关系也能够减弱人际关系那么这么的内容就和标题不符，没有回复标题提出的问题假如将标题修改一下使它变为说明文可能会好部分假如用“互联网在人际关系中饰演的角色”这么的标题可能愈加贴切　　我们知道，说明文和议论文之间的区分就在于说明文的作者意在客观地陈说或解释事物而不对其做任何价值判定而议论文作者的目标就在于为自己持有的看法进行辩护．以使读者信服议论文的作者对她议论的事物做着价值判定，即依据作者的看法指出其正确和错误所以，习作4的作者犯了议论文的文不对题的错误，应该给予纠正。

　　现在让我们来详细分析一下习作4文章的开头部分提出论题：“我认为互联网有它好的一面和不好的一面这里我们能够区分一下论题和论点论题是文章所要讨论的关键议题，论点则是作者对议题所采取的态度和提。