北京市归国留学人员创业环境评价及政策建议.pdf

首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文北京市归国留学人员创业环境评价及政策建议姓名：张四海申请学位级别：硕士专业：行政管理指导教师：曲德森20090601首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文 北京市归国留学人员创业环境研究I内 容 提 要创业环境体系是建设创新型国家的重要软平台也是当代政府提供的一类重要的软性公共产品一种必要的公共服务当代政府如何构建完善的创业环境体系是把建设创新型国家战略落到实处的重要举措其中归国留学人员创业环境的研究建设因其不同一般的特点和重要性引起人们的重点关注也是本文研究的中心人类任何活动都将受到所处时空环境的影响创业不仅是个人行为同时也是一种社会活动社会环境对于创业的支持态度提供机会与资源的程度都会影响人们的创业决定与表现以及未来新事业的发展规模创业是推动国家经济发展的永恒动力创业是创新型社会的永恒主题从事创业活动是群众创新精神的直接体现创业扩大就业创业环境是对创业是否成功具有直接影响的重要因素创业环境作为区域经济系统与创业人员之间的中介对创业意愿的产生创业活动的进行和维持及创业活动的拓展都有着重要意义因此对其进行评价起码具有两种功能一是为创业者提供可靠的分析评价为其寻找最有利可图的创业场所二是为创业地出谋划策改善当地投资创业环境以吸引来最有利于当地社会经济发展的创业人员使引进人才促进就业和发展经济达到高度统一我国的创业活动主要表现为生存型创业主要是争夺已有的市场从而增加了市场竞争的激烈程度但是归国留学人员创业这一分支却主要表现为机会型创业活动对我国现阶段的创业活动的发展具有非同寻常的意义所以本文利用全球创业观察(GEM)建立的创业环境评价模型对北京市多位归国留学创业人员进行访谈调查将北京市归国留学人员创业环境的九个方面分别进行分析评价通过评价及比较发现北京市归国留学人员创业环境在金融支持政府政策政府项目有形基础设施商务环境市场开放程度以及文化和社会规范等方面具有绝对或相对优势但在研究与开发转移教育和培训等方面存在很多不足本文对北京市创业环境中存在的问题进行了深层次的原因探讨并根据北京市归国留学人员创业的实际情况为改进北京市归国留学人员创业环境提出了政策建议一是要强化政府支持留学人员创业的政策环境导向作用二是要加强投资环境建设对留学人员创业的推动作用三是要完善支持与服务环境对留学人员创业的支持作用关键词归国留学人员 创业环境 GEM 模型首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文 北京市归国留学人员创业环境研究IIAbstractEntrepreneurial environment system is an important soft platform of buildinginnovation-oriented countryit is also of one category of important soft publicgoods provided by the contemporary government and a kind of necessary publicservices. How to build a sound business environment system by contemporarygovernment is an important measure of put building innovation-oriented countrystrategies into practice. Because of their different characteristics and theimportance of the general, entrepreneurial environment of returned personnelsstudying abroad cause people to focus on, which is also the center of this paper.Any human activity will influence by the space-time environment,entrepreneurship is not only an individual behavior, but also a social activity.Support by Social environment for entrepreneurial ,the extent of providingopportunities and resources will all influence the people's entrepreneur decisionsand performance, as well as the development of the new scale. Entrepreneurship isthe timeless power to promote the country's economic development;Entrepreneurship is the timeless theme of innovation-oriented society. Engaging inentrepreneurial activities is the direct embodiment of the spirit of innovation,entrepreneurship expands employment, entrepreneurial environment is animportant factor with a direct impact on the success. Entrepreneurial environmentas an intermediary between the regional economic system and the entrepreneurs,which have great significance in generating entrepreneurial activity and over themaintenance ,also in expanding entrepreneurial activity .Therefore, the evaluationat least has two functions: First, providing reliable analysis and evaluation for theentrepreneurs, looking for its most profitable business establishments; Second,ideas for the business to improve the local investment entrepreneur environment toattract people who are most conducive to the socio-economic development of localentrepreneurial, so that the introduction of talent, promoting- employment andeconomic development can achieve a high degree of unity.Our nation's entrepreneurial activity is mainly expressed in the survival-typeentrepreneurship, mainly competing for existing markets, thereby increasing themarket competition. But entrepreneurial activity of returned personnels studyingabroad is mainly expressed in opportunity entrepreneurship, at now which hasextraordinary significance in the development of entrepreneurial activity.Therefore, this paper use environmental assessment model made by Global首都经济贸易大学硕士学位论文 北京市归国留学人员创业环境研究IIIEntrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) business, interview and investigate number ofstudents returned to Beijing in order to analysis and evaluate the nine aspects ofentrepreneurial environment, through the evaluation and comparison found theentrepreneurial environment of returned personnels studying abroad in Beijinghave absolute or comparative advantage in the physical infrastructure, researchand development transfer, commercial and professional infrastructure, marketopening, as well as cultural and social norms, but in financial support, theGovernment policy, the Government projects, as well as education and trainingexist a lot of deficiencies. In this paper, the existence of the Beijing businessenvironment issues to explore deep-seated reasons and in accordance with Beijingstudents returned to start the actual situation in Beijing to improve theenvironment for returned overseas students to put forward policyrecommendations and put forward a possible direction for future research.Key words: Entrepreneur Environment the Returned Personnels StudyingAbroad Gem model学位论文独创性声明本人郑重声明今所呈交的北京市归国留学人员创业环境研究论文是我本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的科研成果尽我所知文中除了特别加以标注和致谢的地方外论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写的内容及科研成果也不包含为获得首都经济贸易大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书所使用过的材料作者签名 日期 年 月 日学位论文版权使用授权书本人完全了解首都经济贸易大学有关保留使用学位论文的有关规定即学校有权保留。