
高考英语一轮复习每日一题(第12周)祈使句!.doc
5页考点 祈使句高考频度:★★★☆☆ 难易限度:★★★★☆ 1. (·新课标卷I·短文改错)I The instructor kept repeating the word(改为words), “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!”【答案】Turning改为Turn【解析】分析语境可知教练的话“加速”,“减速”,“左转”都是祈使句,根据前文“Speed up!” “Slow down!”也可以看得出来祈使句应当用动词原形,故将Turning改为Turn2. (·新课标卷Ⅱ·语法填空)It could be anything — gardening, cooking, music, sports — but whatever it is, __________ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.【答案】make 3.Always _____________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keep B. to have keptC. keep D. have kept【答案】C 【解析】考察祈使句。
这是一种完整的句子,而that引导的是宾语从句,因此只能是祈使句句意:永远记住,你的重要任务就是让这个公司平稳运营名师点睛】祈使句表祈求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第—、三人称祈使句两大类祈使句用于两个重要句型中:①"祈使句+and+表成果的陈述句"用来论述肯定的条件;②"祈使句+or(else)+表成果的陈述句"用来论述否认的条件,or(else)表达"否则";句首以动词原形开头从本题的成分来判断,可以看出是考察祈使句应试必备】一、祈使句的句式特性祈使句常常是体现说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、祈求或命令等因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,事实上是省略了主语you祈使句句末用感慨号或句号,朗读时,常用降调在体现祈求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语调更加缓和或客气祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地!Put the boxes in the small room. 把那些盒子放到那个小房间里二、祈使句的肯定句式祈使句的肯定句式一般分为如下三种类型:1. 行为动词原形+其她成分。
Make sentences after the model. 根据例句造句2. Be动词+其她成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时要小心3. Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其她成分Let him go back now. 让她目前回去吧三、祈使句的否认句式祈使句的否认句式,一般状况下在句首加上Don’t或Never,一般分为如下四种类型:1. 在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t,构成"Don’t+行为动词原形+其她成分"Don’t say that again! 别再那样说了!2. 在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t,构成"Don’t be+其她成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)"Don’t be careless. 不要粗心注意:在这种句型中be不能省略;否认副词not不可置于be之后3. Let引起的祈使句的否认形式有两种:(1)Let开头的祈使句,如果背面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格,可在Let前加Don’t,也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词背面加not2)如果以Let’s开头的祈使句,必须在Let’s后加not。
Don’t let me go with her tomorrow. =Let me not go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去Let’s not tell her the truth whenever we meet her. 无论什么时候我们遇到她,都不要告诉她真相4. 在公共场合的提示语中,否认祈使句常用"No+名词/V-ing形式"构造,表达"严禁做某事"NO PHOTOS! 严禁拍照!四、祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子构造及发言人的语调来决定其疑问部分一般有如下三种形式:1. 祈使句为肯定句式,其反意疑问句表达祈求时,一般用will you;表达邀请、劝告时,用won’t youBe sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要给我们写信,好吗?Come to have dinner with us this evening, won’t you? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭,好吗?2. 祈使句为否认句式,其反意疑问句一般只用will you Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗?3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除Let’s用shall we外,其她均用will you。
Let the boy go first, will you? 让个那男孩先走,好吗?Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步,好吗?五、祈使句的回答祈使句的动作一般是表达将来发生的动作,因此回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t在回答具有否认意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:一是"形式一致",即Yes与will保持一致;No与won’t保持一致二是"意思相反",即Yes是"不"的意思;No是"是"的意思在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件—Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去外面雨下得很大—Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行,我得去机场接我弟弟1. There are a few measures you can take to improve your grade, and one of them is: _______________ the material you do poorly in.A. doesn’t ignore B. not to ignore C. not ignore D. don’t ignore2. _______________ in the library, or you’ll be fined 10 dollars and banned from entering for one month.A. If you smoke B. Not smoke C. Not smoking D. No smoking3. —Daddy, this is my favorite show. Could you...?—No. _______________ before the TV set and I’ll cancel our plan to Disneyland tomorrow.A. Have more minute B. One more minuteC. Given one more minute D. If you have one more minute4. If you have a job, _______________ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.A.do devote B. don’t devote C. devoting D. not devoting5. _______________ your homework before you watch TV.A. Do B. Doing C. To do D. Done参照答案3. B 【解析】考察"祈使句+and/or+表成果的分句"句型。
答句句意:不行如果你在电视机前再多待一分钟,我就取消我们明天去迪士尼乐园的筹划题中的祈使句部分用一种名词短语来替代One more minute"再多一分钟"4. A 【解析】句意:如果你有一份工作,一定要全身心投入,你最后一定会成功的主句是祈使句,排除C项和D项;由语境可知本句论述的是肯定的状况,排除B项;强调谓语动词,此处要用助动词do故选A项5. A 【解析】考察祈使句句意:看电视之前要先完毕你的作业分析句子构造可知,before you watch TV是时间状语从句,因此_______________ your homework是主句,主语省略,因此主句是祈使句,故谓语动词用原形进步,在于总结我在这,总结在哪儿?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 。
