高考英语总复习之3. 解答完形填空的三大策略.ppt

解答完形填空的三大策略解答完形填空的三大策略 词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完词语同现、词语复现和逻辑推理是解答完形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对形填空的三大策略，领会和掌握这三大策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率都大有裨益提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率都大有裨益1.1.词语同现词语同现 词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同词语同现是指意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，一语篇中，构成了以某一话题为中心的词汇链，也有人称之为语义场也有人称之为语义场2. 词语复现词语复现 词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、词语复现指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词同义词、反义词(如如wrong，，not correct)、上、上义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语义词、下义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子正是通过这种复现关系以达到相篇中的句子正是通过这种复现关系以达到相互衔接 3. 逻辑推理逻辑推理 在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历在做完形填空时许多考生都会有这样的经历，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清，即使他们对选项当中的每个词的意思都非常清楚，但得分却不高。

因为完形填空考查的是一种楚，但得分却不高因为完形填空考查的是一种综合能力，不但有对词汇的考查，而且对句子间综合能力，不但有对词汇的考查，而且对句子间和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查和上下文之间逻辑关系的推断也是完形填空考查的重点其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折的重点其中逻辑关系主要包括因果关系、转折关系、对比关系、并列关系等关系、对比关系、并列关系等［例［例1］］ (2015全国全国I卷卷)Then my 17 year-old suggested giving him a ______ . I thought about it… When I handed him the gift card, …he burst into tears. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card解析：解析：据下文的据下文的the gift card(礼品卡礼品卡)可知选可知选D项项(gift card)原词复现原词复现D［例［例2］］ (2014全国全国I卷卷)As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this _______at work in people of all ages. A. principleB. habitC. wayD. power解析：解析：由由As a general rule(一般说来，作为一个一般说来，作为一个一般的规则一般的规则)可知可知, 选选A。

principle与上文的与上文的rule近近义词复现义词复现A［例［例3］］ (2015全国全国I卷卷)In the store, I asked each of my kids to _____ something they thought our “friend” there would appreciate.A. drawB. say C. arrange D. pick解析解析：在商店，是：在商店，是“画东西？画东西？”“说一些事情？说一些事情？”“安排东西？安排东西？”“挑选东西？挑选东西？”，只有，只有“挑选挑选东西东西”才讲得通，即才讲得通，即store, pick, something三个词三个词同时出现的可能性最大，即词语同现，故选同时出现的可能性最大，即词语同现，故选DD［例［例4］］ (2015全国全国I卷卷)My 10-year-old noticed him and made a comment on how bad it must be to have to stand ______in the cold wind.A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily解析：解析：由由in the cold wind可推测这个乞讨者应是可推测这个乞讨者应是站在外面站在外面(stand outside)。

根据常识推理可知选根据常识推理可知选AA一、完形填空一、完形填空 I was driving to town on a beautiful summer day. The sky was full 1 white clouds. All kinds of wild flowers were 2 on the hillsides. 1. A. onB. in C. withD. of2. A. growingB. flashing C. plantingD. gardening√√The sun was 3 through the green trees with its golden light and I was smiling at the 4 of it all. 5 a truck rounded a curve(弧线弧线) at high speed. I pulled my wheel quickly to the right 6 I could just miss the truck. 3. A. singing B. jumping C. dancing D. playing4. A. light B. wonder C. sun D. power5. A. Suddenly B. Fortunately C. Unluckily D. Immediately6. A. because B. just like C. such that D. so that√√√√As I 7 up I noticed the other driver gazing at his 8 totally unaware of the near miss. Later in town I was coming out of the store 9 a yellow butterfly that I thought was 10 by my mom in Heaven started to circle around my head. 7. A. glared B. glanced C. stared D. gazed8. A. glasses B. road C. cellphone D. tire9. A. when B. while C. as D. since10. A. loved B. changed C. caught D. sent√√√√I smiled peacefully and 11 my open palm. To my 12 , the butterfly landed on it briefly before flying away. 11. A. held onB. held out C. held backD. held off12. A. surpriseB. sorrow C. satisfactionD. regret√√I looked around to 13 if anyone else had noticed this minor miracle(奇迹奇迹), 14 the only two people near me had their heads bent down 15 their cellphones screens, just did the same as the driver.13. A. informB. expect C. seeD. search14. A. andB. but C. orD. however15. A. wondering atB. sticking to C. holding toD. looking at √√√I am beginning to think that life is what happens while people are 16 staring at their smartphones. Now I know that social 17 , computers, and smartphones are here to stay but doesn’t mean they have to 18 our lives.16. A. worthB. comfortable C. busyD. nervous17. A. mediaB. tools C. websitesD. communications18. A. take overB. take in C. take upD. take on√√√Don’t let your smartphones take away your smart 19 . Don’t let technology control your soul. 20 it when you need it but turn it off when you don’t. Love each other. Share your kindness, your joy and your life.19. A. attentionB. body C. fingerD. mind20. A. ClickB. Use C. BuyD. Update√√ 作者在公路上险些发生车祸，后发现路上的作者在公路上险些发生车祸，后发现路上的一个司机忙于看而没注意到刚才的一幕；当一个司机忙于看而没注意到刚才的一幕；当一只美丽的蝴蝶停留在作者手上时，周围的人忙一只美丽的蝴蝶停留在作者手上时，周围的人忙于看而没注意到这神奇的一幕。

最后，作者于看而没注意到这神奇的一幕最后，作者呼吁人们：不要让控制了我们的生活呼吁人们：不要让控制了我们的生活1. D 由语境可推知，此处表示由语境可推知，此处表示“天空布满白色的天空布满白色的云朵云朵”be full of…意为意为“充满充满”2. A 山坡上生长着各种各样的野花山坡上生长着各种各样的野花grow“生长生长”3. C 此处说金色的阳光在绿树间舞蹈此处说金色的阳光在绿树间舞蹈dance“跳跳舞舞”4. B 作者微笑地看着太阳所带来的奇迹作者微笑地看着太阳所带来的奇迹wonder“奇迹，奇观奇迹，奇观”，这里指作者所描述的景色这里指作者所描述的景色故选故选B5. A 由语境可推知，此处表示由语境可推知，此处表示“突然突然”，故选，故选A6. D 作者迅速向右打方向盘，因此作者迅速向右打方向盘，因此(so that)避免避免了和卡车相撞故选了和卡车相撞7. B 作者正在开车，应该是瞥了一眼作者正在开车，应该是瞥了一眼(glance)，，发现了情况故选发现了情况8. C 下段句末中的下段句末中的“ 15 their cellphone screens, just did the same as the driver”由提示词，另一个由提示词，另一个司机盯着他的完全没有注意到这惊险的一幕。

司机盯着他的完全没有注意到这惊险的一幕故选故选C9. A 表示表示“正在做正在做……这时候发生了这时候发生了……”用用be doing … when …句型故选句型10. D 由空后的由空后的“in Heaven”可知，作者认为这可知，作者认为这是天堂里的妈妈派来的蝴蝶故选是天堂里的妈妈派来的蝴蝶11. B 由后面的由后面的“my open palm. To my 12 , the butterfly landed on it briefly before flying away”可可知，此处指作者伸出了知，此处指作者伸出了(hold out)手掌故选手掌12. A 蝴蝶在作者手掌上停留了一下然后飞走了，蝴蝶在作者手掌上停留了一下然后飞走了，这令作者很吃惊故选这令作者很吃惊13. C 由空格后的内容可知，作者环视了一下，看由空格后的内容可知，作者环视了一下，看(see)是否有人注意到这小小的奇迹故选是否有人注意到这小小的奇迹14. B 作者欣喜的心情和周围人的无视形成了转折作者欣喜的心情和周围人的无视形成了转折故选故选B15. D 此处表示低着头看此处表示低着头看(look at)屏幕。

故选屏幕16. C 由上段内容可推断，人们忙于由上段内容可推断，人们忙于(be busy doing sth.)盯着他们的智能故选盯着他们的智能17. A 由后面的由后面的“computers, and smartphones”可可知是媒介知是媒介18. A 由下段第二句由下段第二句“Don’t let technology control your soul.”可知，电脑、将会存在于我们的生可知，电脑、将会存在于我们的生活中，但并不意味着它们必须控制我们的生活故活中，但并不意味着它们必须控制我们的生活故选选A19. D 下句中的下句中的“soul”为提示词，不要让带为提示词，不要让带走你聪慧的心智故选走你聪慧的心智20. B 由由“turn it off when you don’t”可推知，当你可推知，当你需要的时候就可以使用它需要的时候就可以使用它二、七选五阅读二、七选五阅读A. It also helps our eyes see things clearly in the dark by improving the visual ability.B. If possible, purchase a new computer instead of using an old model computer.C. The simplest way is by drinking 2 & 3 cups of green tea every day.D. The most efficient way is by drinking some coffee regularly.E. And adjust the sound level on your computer.F. Apply a layer of facial mask to protect yourself.G. And adjust the brightness of your computer screen.本文介绍了防电脑辐射的方法。

本文介绍了防电脑辐射的方法1. C 根据下文根据下文“Green tea can be absorbed by the body easily into…”可知，绿茶很容易被吸收可知，绿茶很容易被吸收……，所以最简单的方法是每天喝两三杯绿茶，故选，所以最简单的方法是每天喝两三杯绿茶，故选C2. A 根据上一句根据上一句“…easily into a form of vitamin A, which helps reduce radiation.”是讲维是讲维他命他命A的作用，的作用，A选项也是讲通过提高我们的视觉选项也是讲通过提高我们的视觉能力，帮助我们在黑暗中能清楚地看清东西故能力，帮助我们在黑暗中能清楚地看清东西故选选A3. G 根据下文根据下文“The brighter the screen the higher the radiation there will be and vice versa.”可知，屏幕越亮，辐射越高，所以选可知，屏幕越亮，辐射越高，所以选G调整电脑调整电脑屏幕的亮度，故选屏幕的亮度，故选G4. F 根据本段主题句根据本段主题句“Make sure you do a skincare protection before sitting in front of the computer.”可知，确保坐在电脑前要有保护皮肤可知，确保坐在电脑前要有保护皮肤的措施，所以下文应该选具体的措施。

故选的措施，所以下文应该选具体的措施5. B 根据下文根据下文“Old computer in general, has one to two times more radiations released than the new one within the same distance.”可知，旧电脑比新可知，旧电脑比新电脑的辐射要高，所以主题句应该是如果有可能，电脑的辐射要高，所以主题句应该是如果有可能，购买一台新电脑而不用旧电脑故选购买一台新电脑而不用旧电脑radiation n.辐射辐射absorb v.吸收吸收attach v.粘，贴粘，贴 substance n.物质物质if possible如果可能的话如果可能的话助读强化助读强化 相关话题写作相关话题写作(2016哈尔滨师大附中哈尔滨师大附中)假如你是李华，上周在假如你是李华，上周在外教外教Mr. Jackson的口语课上使用被老师发的口语课上使用被老师发现，被收走请给外教写一封道歉信，内现，被收走请给外教写一封道歉信，内容应包括以下要点：容应包括以下要点：1. 表示歉意表示歉意2. 解释上课使用的原因解释上课使用的原因。

3. 提出自己的请求并适当表态提出自己的请求并适当表态注意：注意：1. 词数词数100左右2. 可以适当增加细节可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯以使行文连贯3. 开头和结语已为你写好开头和结语已为你写好Dear Mr. Jackson, Yours sincerely, Li HuaDear Mr. Jackson, I’m really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your lecture last week. Please accept my heart-felt apology for being so rude a student. I know any word might sound a made-up excuse. But I didn’t use the mobile phone for no reason. I was trying to apply to some American universities last week and that day, I got an offer and they needed my further information immediately. Therefore, I had no other choice but to try sending them a text message in class and that was exactly what I was doing when you discovered. I promise it will never happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. Will you be kind enough to give it back to me? Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation. Yours sincerely, Li Huaaccept an apology for doing 因因……接受道歉接受道歉apply to 申请申请have no choice but to 只好，别无他法只好，别无他法a text message 一条短信一条短信get in touch with 与与……取得联系取得联系be…enough to do sth. 足以做足以做……亮点强化亮点强化Thank you !谢谢观看。