
thesecretgarden秘密花园课件.ppt
26页The Secret GardenI. An introductionII. The authorIII. BackgroundIV. Major charactersV. Plot summaryVI. Major themes6、Major themesoutlineI. An introductionThe Secret Garden is a novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett. It was first published in 1911. It is now one of Burnett's most popular novels, and is considered to be a classic of English children's literature. Several stage and film adaptations have been produced.II. The authorFrances Hodgson BurnettBornFrances Eliza Hodgson24 November 1849EnglandDied29 October 1924 (aged 74)United StatesChildrenShe had two boys.Frances Eliza Hodgson Burnett was an English playwright and author. She is best known for her children's stories, in particular Little Lord Fauntleroy 《方特勒罗伊小爵爷》(published in 1885-6), A Little Princess (1905), and The Secret Garden (1911).Frances Eliza Hodgson was born in Cheetham, England. After her father died in 1852, the family fell on straitened circumstances and in 1865 immigrated to the United States, settling near Knoxville, Tennessee. There Frances began writing to help earn money for the family, publishing stories in magazines from the age of 19. In 1870 her mother died, and in 1872 Frances married Swan Burnett, who became a medical doctor. III. The backgroundThe Burnetts lived for two years in Paris, where their two sons were born, before returning to the United States to live in Washington, D.C., Burnett then began to write novels. Beginning in the 1880s, she began to travel to England frequently and in the 1890s bought a home there where she wrote The Secret Garden.From the mid-1890s she lived in England at Great Maytham Hall—which had a large garden where she indulged her love for flowers—where she made her home for the next decade, although she continued annual transatlantic trips to the United States. Maytham Hall resembled a feudal manor house which enchanted Burnett.In 1907, she returned permanently to the United States, having become a citizen in 1905, and she built a home, completed in 1908, in the Plandome Park section of Plandome Manor on Long Island outside New York City. Her son Vivian was employed in the publishing business and at his request she agreed to be editor for Children's Magazine. Over the next several years she had published in Children's Magazine a number of shorter works. In 1911 she had The Secret Garden published.IV. Main charactersMary: spoilt and with a temper, she is unaffectionate, angry, rude and obstinate. Dickon has a soft way with animals and a good nature. Eager to absorb his gardening knowledge, Mary lets him into the secret of the garden, which he agrees to keep.Colin: he is the son of her uncle; his mother died when he was a baby, and he suffers from an unspecified problem with his spine.Mary Lennox is a troubled, sickly, and unloved 10-year-old girl born in India to selfish, wealthy British parents. She is primarily cared for by servants, who pacify her as much as possible to keep her out of her parents' way. She grows into a spoiled and selfish girl. Eventually, there is a cholera epidemic in India which kills Mary's parents and all the servants. Mary is discovered alive but alone in the empty house. She briefly lives with an English clergyman and his family and is then sent to Yorkshire, England, to live with Archibald Craven, an uncle she has never met, at his home called Misselthwaite Manor.Plot summaryAt first, Mary is her usual self, sour and rude, disliking her uncle's large house, the people within it, and, most of all, the vast stretch of moor, which seems scrubby穷酸, and grey after the winter. She is told that she must stay confined to her two rooms and keep herself amused without much attention.Martha Sowerby, a good-natured maid, tells Mary a story of the late Mrs. Craven and how she would spend hours in a private walled garden growing roses. Mrs. Craven fell to her death when a tree branch gave way beneath her, and the devastated Mr. Craven locked the garden and buried the key. Mary is piqued 刺激by this story and her ill manner begins to soften. Soon, she comes to enjoy the company of Martha, Ben Weatherstaff , the gardener, and a friendly robin redbreast whom she assigns a human personality. Her appetite increases and she grows stronger as she plays by herself on the moor. Martha's mother buys Mary a skipping rope to encourage this, and Mary takes to it immediately. Mary occupies her time wondering about both the secret garden and the cries she hears at night. The servants claim not to hear the cries.As Mary is exploring the periphery of the gardens, her robin friend draws her attention to an area of turned-over soil. Mary finds the key to the locked garden, and eventually the door to the garden. She asks Martha for garden tools, which Martha sends with Dickon, her twelve-year-old brother. Mary and Dickon take a liking to each other, as Dickon has a kind way with animals and a good nature. Eager to absorb his gardening knowledge, Mary lets him in on the secret of the garden.That night, Mary hears the crying again. She follows the noise and, to her surprise, finds a small boy her age living in a hidden bedroom. His name is Colin. She soon discovers that they are cousins: he is the son of her uncle, his mother died when he was a baby, and he suffers from an unspecified spinal problem. Mary visits every day that week, distracting him from his troubles with stories of the moor, Dickon and his animals, and the garden. Mary finally admits she has access to the secret garden, and they decide Colin needs fresh air. Colin is put into his wheelchair and brought outside into the garden, the first time he has been outdoors in years.While in the garden, the children are surprised to see Ben Weatherstaff looking over the wall on a ladder. Startled and angry to find the children there in Colin's mother's garden, he admits he believed Colin to be a cripple. Colin stands up from his chair and finds that his legs are fine, though weak from disuse for so long.Colin spends every day in the garden. The children conspire to keep Colin's recovering health a secret so he can surprise his father, who is travelling and still mourning his late wife. As Colin's health improves, his faraway father sees a coinciding increase in spirits, culminating in a dream where his late wife calls to him from inside the garden. When he receives a letter from Martha's mother, he takes the opportunity to finally return home. He walks the outer garden wall in his wife's memory, but hears voices inside, finds the door unlocked, and is shocked to see the garden in full bloom, including his healthy and invigorated son. The servants watch, stunned, as Mr. Craven walks back to the manor and Colin runs beside him.Major themesRejuvenationThe growth in the garden and Mary is the book's central symbol, inspired in part by Burnett's interest in Mary Baker Eddy'sChristian Science theories.[1] The secret garden at Misselthwaite Manor is the site of both the near-destruction and the subsequent regeneration of a family.[2] Using the garden motif, Burnett explores the healing power inherent in living things. In a very literal sense, Mary Lennox "comes alive" as her garden does. The same goes for Colin and Mr Craven. As they tend to something outside their own sorrow, they find joy and new life.Sensibility识别力识别力The story constitutes a struggle between common sense and the accepted wisdom of the day, in which common sense wins. Servants and father are seen to do harm by getting caught up in false ideas that come from the doctor who espouses medical practices of the day. An excellent symbol for "common English sensibility" is Susan Sowerby, Dickon and Martha's mother. She acts as a open-arms mother figure, one that is more than welcoming of such unloved children as Mary and Colin. She realizes the importance of laughing in making the two of them stronger, but also the importance of fighting with one another in order to realize the impact their words have on others. The children, by following her folk wisdom over complicated "science," are cured by the fresh summer air, exercise, laughter, and good English sense.Positive thinking One of the ways Mary and Colin recover from their past experiences is a type of English practicality which is something that today might be called the power of positive thinking and belief it can bring about psychological and physical healing. Mary and Colin begin to speak of the "magic" of the garden. Dickon counters that the magic is actually God living through the fields and forests. Burnett was a follower of Christian Science, with its belief in God as a life force rather than a person. There are many beautiful views around us. They are free to us.Let’s enjoy them.Thanks for listening。












