虚拟语气经典讲解课堂PPT.ppt

虚拟语气讲解虚拟语气讲解 课件课件11.英语动词有三种语气，英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和祈使语气和虚拟语气.2.2. 定义：用来表示说的话定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气语气叫虚拟语气虚拟语气定义虚拟语气定义2虚拟语气的考点虚拟语气的考点 1 1、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；、一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法；2 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3 3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4 4、状语从句中虚拟语气的用法；、状语从句中虚拟语气的用法；5 5、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法；6 6、虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定3一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法4时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight现在现在助动词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight将来将来did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight1.一般条件句中的虚拟语气一般条件句中的虚拟语气51. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have happened.与现在事实相反与过去事实相反65. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldn’t go for an outing.6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.与未来事实相反71.If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now.2. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t2. _____more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he ___ me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able BCA82 2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装； 假设条件虚拟倒装。

假设条件虚拟倒装 条件从句中含有条件从句中含有 should，，were，， had 三个助动词并且放在句首三个助动词并且放在句首时，可以把时，可以把if省略If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do? a flood, what should we do?Shoul there be93. 混合混合(时间错综时间错综)型虚拟语气：型虚拟语气： 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气主句和从句的谓语动词要依照虚拟语气。

主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定假设的时间而定If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t be in the hospital.10 without和和but for 构成虚拟构成虚拟but for要不是要不是)• Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today.• But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.•But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.4. 含蓄虚拟条件句：含蓄虚拟条件句：11 5. 虚实结合条件句虚实结合条件句 She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. He telephoned me to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it. I should have returned the book last week, but I was so busy that I forgot to do so. He could have done the work well, but he was so careless.真实语气真实语气 + otherwise/or + 虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气 + but + 真实语气真实语气12名词从句中虚拟语气的用法名词从句中虚拟语气的用法131））wish引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句wish 现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. should•I wish I were a bird. (现在现在)•I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去过去)•We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未来未来)142）主要是表示坚持，命令、要求、建议的）主要是表示坚持，命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。

虚拟语气一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order, command 三个建议：三个建议：advise, suggest, propose四个要求：四个要求：demand , require, request, desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法即从句中的动词用法即从句中的动词 使用使用should + should + 动词动词原形，或者将原形，或者将shouldshould省略15•我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下去休息一下•他坚决要求我到场他坚决要求我到场•国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑•他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work there.16 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。

从句中的动词形式一样从句中的动词形式一样 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desire•It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.•My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.•All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.172. 主语从句主语从句1））It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that --- 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. It’s necessary that we should study hard.182））It’s a pity/ no wonder… + that --- 从句中从句中的动词要用虚拟，表示惊讶，遗憾，惋惜的动词要用虚拟，表示惊讶，遗憾，惋惜等感情色彩，即等感情色彩，即should+动词原形动词原形1.It is a pity that she should refuse to accept the offer.2. It is no wonder that John should have won the game.19名词性从句中的虚拟语气　名词性从句中的虚拟语气　 A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气、宾语从句中的虚拟语气　在动词 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虚拟语气。

考题点击：考题点击：1.The teacher demanded that the work _____ before 4 o’clock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. --- What did the doctor say about your mother’s illness? --- He suggested that she _____ an operation at once. A. must haveB. hadC. have D. had hadBC20B、主语从句中的虚拟语气　、主语从句中的虚拟语气　基本句型：基本句型：a.It is suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted； + (should) do b.It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, imperative… c.It is a pity, a shame, no wonder 考题点击：考题点击：1. Is it necessary that he _____ the examination? A. takesB. has to takeC. must takeD. take2. It is strange that he _____ you this. A. would tell B. should tell C. had told D. has toldDB21C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气　 在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。

My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 考题点击：考题点击：1.His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can tryA22状语从句中虚拟语气的用法状语从句中虚拟语气的用法23 1））as if /as though现在：过去：过去时过去完成时•He looks as if he were drunk.•They talked as if they had been friends for years.•She loves the baby as if it were her own son.•It seems as if it were spring.•I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.24 2））in case, for fear that, lest等引导的虚等引导的虚拟语气拟语气•1. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain.•2. I will not make a noise for fear that I should disturb you. 25常用虚拟语气的句型常用虚拟语气的句型261. would rather that -现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：•I would rather you paid me now. (现在现在)•I would rather you had gone, too. (过去过去)•Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时272. If only …(要是要是…就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!•要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。

要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了•要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadn’t missed the train!283. It’s high time +that -should +V.过去时你该走了我们该睡觉了It’s high time that you went.It’s high time that you should go.It’s time that we went to bed.It’s time that we should go to bed. 29 经典题目经典题目1. If you _____ him yesterday, you _____ what to do now. A.asked … would know B.had asked … would have knownC. asked him … know D. had asked … would know2. What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked fartherCD303. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenBC31陈述语气与虚拟语气陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题典型例题5) The volleyball match will be put off if it _____.　 A.　will rain　 B. rains　 C. rained　 D. is rained6) --- Would you have called her up _____ possible? --- Yes, but I _____ busy doing my homework. A. had it been … was B. if it was … were C. if it had been … had been D. if it were … would beB该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是 will be put off。

真真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用 would have called, 从从句中与过去相反的动词形式为句中与过去相反的动词形式为 had done；答句中表示；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气A32高考题点击高考题点击7) You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired. A. drove…didn’t getB. had driven…wouldn’t have got C. drove…wouldn’t get D. were driving…wouldn’t get 8) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.　(02 上海) A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall前句用的是陈述语气，表示过去发生的事；后句是虚拟语气，表示与过去相反。

BB该句主句中用的是与现在相反的虚拟语气，而从句中使用的是与过去相反的虚拟语气全句意思为“如果我不在七岁时迷上了我们家乡的 Melinda Cox Library，我真不能想象我今天会做什么33.９- Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, I’d rather you _____ . A. don’t B. didn’t C. won’t D. mustn’t10. It’s half past eleven. It’s high time _____ home. A. we’ll B. we’d C. we’re going D. we wentBD3411. Jack ____ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived C. can’t have arrived D. needn’t have arrivedC35。