最全小升初英语语法总结讲解与练习课件.ppt

小小 学学 英英 语语 语语 法法一、名词（可数名词和不可数名词）二、人称代词三、冠词四、动词五、介词六、数词七、形容词和副词八、there be结构九、句式1.肯定句2.否定句3.疑问句4.祈使句十、时态：1. 一般现在时2. 一般过去时3. 现在进行时4. 一般将来时十一、“wh”的特殊疑问句一、名词名词（表示人和事物名称的词）专有名词普通名词特定的人、地方、机构等专有的名称第一个字母通常要大写e.g. Jim Green， New York， Bank of China，Peking University星期、月份、节日、学科、报刊名也是专有名词个体名词—— 表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：student , desk集体名词—— 表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：class , family 物质名词—— 表示无法分为个体的物质名称，如：water , rice , sand，hair抽象名词—— 表示情感，状态，品质等抽象名称，如：love ，carelessness个体名词和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，有单、复数形式；物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词，一般只有一种形式。

英语语法中，只有可数名词才有复数英语语法中，只有可数名词才有复数形式名词有两种数的形式：形式名词有两种数的形式：1）单数（表示一个人或事物）；）单数（表示一个人或事物）；2）复数（表示多于一个的人或数）复数（表示多于一个的人或数）名词的数：名词的数： 可数名词不可数名词chicken (鸡，一种动物)fish（鱼，一种动物）an ice cream（一个冰淇淋）a tomato salad（一种西红柿沙拉）chicken（鸡肉）fish（鱼肉）ice cream（冰淇淋这一类）salad（沙拉这一类）名词复数形式的构成名词复数形式的构成形式形式变化规则变化规则发音发音例词例词一般情况一般情况+s1. 清辅音结尾的名词后清辅音结尾的名词后[s]2. 浊辅音结尾的名词后浊辅音结尾的名词后[z]；；3. 元音结尾的名词后元音结尾的名词后[z];books, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以以-s,-sh, -ch, -x, -z结尾的名结尾的名词词+es[iz]bus, brush, boxes, watch,大多数以大多数以-o结结尾的有生命名尾的有生命名词词+es[z]tomatoes, potatoes,heroes以以o结尾的无生结尾的无生命名词命名词+s[z]radios, pianos,photos以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的名词结尾的名词把把y改成改成i再再加加es[z]stories, families, babies以以f和和fe结尾的结尾的大多数名词大多数名词把把f或或fe改改成成v再加再加es[z]thieves, knives, wives不规则名词的复数不规则名词的复数1.由元音字母的变化构成：由元音字母的变化构成： man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, mouse-mice, woman-women2. 有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样：有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样： sheep, deer, fish(但也可以是但也可以是fishes)3.有些名词变成复数时加有些名词变成复数时加-en: child-children, ox-oxenPractise1.peach_________ 2. zoo _________3. glass _________4. fox _______5. lady _________6. policewoman _________7. house ___________8. photo _________9. monkey __________10. wife __________11. rose ____________ 12. path __________13. judge ___________ 14. map ___________peacheszoosglassesfoxesladiespolicewomenhousesphotosmonkeyswivesrosespathsjudgesmaps　二、人称代词和物主代词　二、人称代词和物主代词    主格主格      宾格宾格     形容词性形容词性    名词性名词性      I          me          my           mine    you        you       your         yours    he         him         his           his    she        her         her          hers     it           it            its            its    we         us          our          ours    they      them      their         theirsPractise1._______(他) is my brother.2. I had a letter from __________ (她).3. It’s all right; it’s only _________(我).4. Today ________(我们) went in _________(我们的) car; tomorrow ________(我们) are going in _________(他们的).5. ________(我) lend _________(我的) books gladly to _______ (我的) friends and to ________(你的).6. Can you help _________(我) with ________(我的) English.7. When ________(你) go to see _________(你的) father, please take these books to ________(他).8. ________(他们) found _______(它) difficult to learn German.HehermeweourwetheirsImymyyoursmemyyouyourhimTheyit所有格所有格所有格的形式所有格的形式单数人称名词末尾加单数人称名词末尾加 ’schild-child’s以以-s结尾的单数人称名词末尾加结尾的单数人称名词末尾加’swaitress-waitress’s不规则的复数人称名词末尾加不规则的复数人称名词末尾加’schildren-children’s以以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加结尾的复数人称名词末尾加’girls-girls’以以-s结尾的一些人名末尾加结尾的一些人名末尾加’sJames-James’s下列情况一般用下列情况一般用 “of”结构：结构：1.东西东西(没有现成的复合名词时没有现成的复合名词时): the book of the film2. 东西的一部分东西的一部分: the bottom of the box3. 抽象的概念抽象的概念: the price of success4. 当当of短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时：短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时： Can’t you look at the book of the boy behind you?双重双重 ’s结构也可以用于结构也可以用于 “of”结构之后，如：结构之后，如：a friend of my father’s , 出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词，又如：一个限定词，又如：this son of mine, a friend of yours, a cousin of hers等等。

等等Isn’t Frank a friend of yours?That silly uncle of Tom’s has told me the same Joke five times.冠词不定冠词不定冠词a,an定冠词定冠词the只能用于单数可数名词之前只能用于单数可数名词之前单数可数名词单数可数名词复数可数名词复数可数名词不可数名词不可数名词零冠词名词前可不用冠词名词前可不用冠词不定冠词的用法：不定冠词的用法：1.表示表示“一一”，，“任何一个任何一个”或或“不管哪一个不管哪一个”的意思 I have a sister and two brothers.2. 在某些度量表示法中：在某些度量表示法中： We have PE lessons three times a week.3. 用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等 George wants to be an engineer.4. 在以在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前 What a pretty girl!5. 一些常用短语中。

一些常用短语中 have a good time, half an hour, have a headache….定冠词的用法：定冠词的用法：1.用来表示用来表示“独一无二独一无二”的意思 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 表示表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物” There is a boat in the river. The boat is made of wood.3. 用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前 the letter from America, the fourteenth of April4. 用在泛指的乐器名词前用在泛指的乐器名词前 He plays the piano.5. 一些常用短语一些常用短语 by the way, in the morning, What’s the matter?零冠词的用法：零冠词的用法：1.泛指的抽象名词前泛指的抽象名词前Life is very hard for some people.2. 泛指的物质名词前。

泛指的物质名词前Water is very useful.3. 泛指的复数名词前泛指的复数名词前Books are my best friends.4. 泛指的泛指的“餐餐”名前Come to have dinner/breakfast with me.5. 大多数的专有名词前大多数的专有名词前He comes from France.6. 语言的名词前语言的名词前She can speak French.7. 在季节和节日的名词前在季节和节日的名词前Winter is the best time for skating.8. 当名词前已有一些代词修饰时当名词前已有一些代词修饰时My brother is a soldier.9. 在体育项目的名词前在体育项目的名词前play basketball10. 一些常用短语一些常用短语 at home, go to school, at night1. There is _____notebook on my desk. I use _____ notebook to keep a diary.2. There is ______bottle on the table. _____ water in it is sweet.3. Wang's mother is ______English teacher. She teaches in _____ primary school.4. China is ______ ancient country with _____ long history.5. China has _____ population of 12 hundred million. _____ Chinese people are _____ great people.6. Her mother is _____ university teacher. She is _____ honest woman.7. None of _____books should be taken out of _____ room without _____ permission of _____ librarian.8. _____Party always teaches us to work for _____ people heart and soul.9. She studies at ____No. 3 Middle School. She goes to ____ school by ____ bus every day.10. My elder sister is _____student of _____ English. She studies at _____ college.11. ______ Monday before _____ Spring Festival was very cold.12. Have you had ______dinner? PractiseatheaTheantheanatheThe/aanthethethe/The/////aaThe//四、动词四、动词 动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。

有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化 小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、be动词、情态动词动词、情态动词can, must等Be动词am, is,arewas, werebeenPractise1. He ________ very good at English. 2. My father and I ________ going to Beijing next month. 3. ________ you on duty the day before yesterday? 4. Mr. King ________ in London two weeks ago. 5. There ________ many kinds of animals in the zoo. 6. What ________ the date yesterday? 7. Look! A little girl ________ flying a kite. 8. Who ________ not at school last Monday? 9. Have you ever ________ to Japan?10. I ______ not a nurse. I work as a doctor.isareWerewasarewasiswasbeenam动词的基本形式原形第三人称单数现在式过去式过去分词现在分词studystudiesstudiedstudied studyingdodoesdiddonedoinghavehashadhadhavinglearnlearnslearned/learntlearned/learntlearning第三人称单数现在式情况情况变化规则变化规则例词例词一般情况一般情况+sworks, learns, eats, needs, says结尾为结尾为s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses, washes, teaches, goes, fixes结尾为辅音结尾为辅音字母字母+y变y为i+escarries, studies, flies, hurries, cries 动词动词be和和have的第三人称单数现在式的第三人称单数现在式分别是分别是is和和has。

动词的过去式 构成构成例词读音例词读音在动词在动词后加后加ed在以在以e结结尾的动词尾的动词后加后加ed在以辅音字母加在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词后，结尾的动词后，先变先变y为为i再加再加ed在重读闭音节或在重读闭音节或r音节音节结尾而末尾只有一个结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，须双写辅音字母时，须双写这个辅音字母再加这个辅音字母再加ed在清辅音后读在清辅音后读[t]lookedwashedpassedhopedlikedstoppeddropped在元音和浊辅音在元音和浊辅音后读后读[d]stayedcalledlivedstudiedtriedcarriedplannedpreferred在辅音在辅音[t]、、[d]后读后读[id]tastedneededadmittedpermitted现在分词情况情况变化规则变化规则例词例词一般情况一般情况+ingdoing, asking, helping以不发音的以不发音的e结尾结尾的动词的动词去去e加加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重读闭音节结尾以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音双写最后一个辅音字母，再加字母，再加ingrunning, swimming, putting, sitting原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词have givegetread sweepplay carry hashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsweepssweptsweepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractise五、动词的时态动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。

动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式小学阶段所学的时态有：小学阶段所学的时态有：1.一般现在时：work/works2. 现在进行时：am/is/are working3. 一般过去时：worked4. 一般将来时：am/is/are going to work 一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态表示事物或人物的特征、状态 如：如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的天空是蓝色的2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作表示经常性或习惯性的动作常与时间副词连用：常与时间副词连用：always, often, usually, every…, on Sundays, twice a week等 如：如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床我天天六点起床3.表示客观现实表示客观现实 如：如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转地球绕着太阳转 一般现在时一般现在时一般现在时基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句I work.We work.I don’t work.We don’t work.Do I work?Do we work?You work.You don’t work.Do you work?They work.They don’t work.Do they work?SheHe works. ItSheHe doesn’t work.It sheDoes he work? it 一、一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ______ go _______  stay ____  make ______look ______ have_______ pass_____ carry ____二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?6. _______ your parents ______(read) newspapers        every day?7. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.8. She and I ________(take) a walk together every                 evening.•三、按照要求改写句子三、按照要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句改为否定句)___________________________________________________2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)________________________________________________________3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)___________________________ 4. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句改为否定句)___________________________________________________五、改错五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. Is  your brother speak English?      __________________2. Does he likes going fishing?           _________________3. He likes play games after class.      _________________4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.              __________________5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _______________现在进行时通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或进行着的动作。

它所表示的动作具有进行着的动作它所表示的动作具有持续性、暂时性和未完成性持续性、暂时性和未完成性常见的与现在进行时有关的词有：常见的与现在进行时有关的词有：now, these days, look, listen等基本结构基本结构肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句I am working.We are working.I’m not working.We’re not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You aren’t working.Are you working?They are working.They aren’t working.Are they working?SheHe is working.ItSheHe isn’t working.It sheIs he working? it 动词加动词加ing的变化规则的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加．一般情况下，直接加ing，，     如：如：cook-cooking 2．以不发音的．以不发音的e结尾，去结尾，去e加加ing，，       如：如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，      双写末尾的辅音字母，再加双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing如：如：run-running,    stop-stopping•现在进行时专项练习：现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run_______ swim _______make______ begin______go________ like________  write______ shop ______have ______sing  ______dance ______put________    see_______ love_______ live_______ take________    come _____  get _______stop_______ sit ________      二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _________________( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _____( sing) in the classroom .3. My mother ________( cook )some nice food  now.4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?5. Look . They __________( have) an English lesson .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一般过去时通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，其中也包括习惯性动作。

存在的状态，其中也包括习惯性动作常与表示过去的时间状语连用：常与表示过去的时间状语连用：yesterday, last…, …ago, just now, in 1998等基本结构基本结构肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑问句一般疑问句I worked.We worked.I didn’t work.We didn’t work.Did I work?Did we work?You worked.You didn’t work.Did you work?They worked.They didn’t work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSheHe didn’t work.It sheDid he work? it动词过去式变化规则：动词过去式变化规则： 1．一般在动词末尾加．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：，如：work-   -worked ,  2．结尾是．结尾是e加加d，如：，如：live--lived  3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加再加-如：如：stop-stopped 4．以．以“辅音字母辅音字母 y”结尾的，变结尾的，变y为为i，， 再加再加-ed，如：，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：．不规则动词过去式：    am、、is-was,  are-were,   do-did    see-saw,  say-said,     give-gave,  get-got   go-went,  come-came,  have-had,  eat-ate   take-took, run-ran,  sing-sang,  put-put,    make-made, read-read, write-wrote,    draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat 一、一、 用动词的适当形式填空用动词的适当形式填空1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she _____a book  yesterday. (read)6. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday?       No, they _____.7. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或情况。

表示将来发生的动作或情况常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用：常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow, next…, Be going to do表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事；也可以表示做某事；也可以表示“预见预见”，即现在已有迹象表，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况明将要发生或即将发生某种情况基本结构基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句I’m going to work.We’re going to work.I’m not going to work.We aren’t going to work.Am I going to work?Are we going to work?You’re going to work.You aren’t going to work.Are you going to work?They’re going to work.They aren’t going to work.Are they going to work?SheHe is going to work.ItSheHe isn’t going to work. It sheIs he going to work? it   练习：填空。

练习：填空1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊我打算明天和朋友去野炊      I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球我想去打篮球What ________ ________ _________ _________ ______next      Monday?   I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.（同义句（同义句3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果 your mother _____ ____ go shopping this _______?      Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________       buy some fruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面你们打算什么时候见面What time ______ you ______ ________ meet?•用所给词的适当形式填空。

用所给词的适当形式填空1. Today is a sunny day. We __ (have) a picnic this afternoon.2. My brother _________(go) to Shanghai next week.3.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ___________(catch) insects? 5.It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do)     this weekend? She _________ (watch) TV and __________ (catch) insects.1.Peter ________ (play) basketball twice a week.2. Do you believe what he ________ (say) just now?3. Look! The lazy cat ____________ (sleep) in the sofa.4. There _______(be) a book and two pens on the desk.5.  _____you _______________(see ) a film tomorrow morning? 6. She ____________(not play) the guitar at the moment.7. What ______his father usually _______(do) in the evening ?8. They ______________ ( have ) a meeting next week, aren't they? 9. Both he and I ________ (be) teachers. 10. I ___________ (not feel ) very well yesterday .11. He put on his coat and _________ (go) out.12. Lei Feng often ____________ (help) others and he was helpful.13. Next Sunday, we ___________________ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Your mother ____________ (wait) for you at the school gate.summary playssaidis sleepingisAregoing to seeisn’t playingdoesdo are going to havearedidn’t feelwenthelpsare going to cleanis waiting六、介词六、介词介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。

不能单独作句介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系不能单独作句子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）前面构成介词短语介词后面的成分作介词的宾语前面构成介词短语介词后面的成分作介词的宾语方方位位介介词词in, on, at, under, to, behind, beside, near, before, in front of, next to, between时时间间介介词词in, on, at, after, before, from…to, past, between 其其它它of, by, with, into, out of, for, Practise1. Look _____ the picture. It's picture___ my school. 2. There is a school building ____ my school. It has five floors.______ the school building, there is a big playground. ________school, the children always play ball games there. 3. My classroom is____ the fifth floor. It's big and clean. 4. Miss Li is our class teacher. She comes ______ school early every morning. She comes ____bicycle. Then she does morning exercises ______us. She likes sports. Tomorrow is her birthday. We will make a card ___ her. We love her very much. 5. There are some apples _____ the tree. 6. –Where’s your study? –It’s next ____ my bedroom.7. The car _____ the tree is Jack’s. 8. The ball is________ the door, so you can’t see it.9. _____ ______ ____the house, there are many trees. 10. Listen! Someone is knocking ____the door.11. There is something wrong _____ my computer.atofinNearAfterontobywithforontounderbehindIn front ofatwith七、数词1.表示数目的词称为基数词表示数目的词称为基数词2.表示数目顺序的词称为序数词表示数目顺序的词称为序数词1.1—12的基数词的基数词：：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve13—19的基数词：的基数词： thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen20—90的基数词：的基数词： twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety21—29的基数：的基数： twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine thirty-nine, forty-eight, fifty-seven….-teen-ty十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号“-”2. 百位数百位数：：one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, four hundred…five hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and one3. 千位数千位数：：one thousand, four thousand, seven thousand one hundred and five百位数和十位数之间加百位数和十位数之间加and。

注意注意 英语中没有英语中没有“万万”这个单位，所以常用这个单位，所以常用thousand来表示ten thousand, thirty thousand, fifteen thousand one hundred,five hundred and one thousand four hundred and thirty-two1.英语序数词第英语序数词第1-19除了除了first, second与与third有特殊形式外，其余的都由有特殊形式外，其余的都由基数词加后缀基数词加后缀-th构成 注意：注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和和twelfth的拼法2. 十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的中的y变为变为i，然后加后缀，然后加后缀-eth,如：如： twenty—twentieth, forty—fortieth3.十位数的序数词如果含有十位数的序数词如果含有1-9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间用词，中间用“-”连字符如：连字符。

如： twenty-fourth, ninety-fifth4. 百、千、万等的序数词由百、千、万等的序数词由hundred, thousand, million等加等加-th,前面加有前面加有关的基数词构成如：关的基数词构成如： one hundredth, one thousandth 注意：序数词前的注意：序数词前的one不能用不能用a代替 one hundred and twenty-firstPractise1. There are ____ days in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2.______people visit this museum every day.A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of3.There are two_____ people in the meeting room.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of4.____ trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of5. My brother is in____.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one6. We are going to learn___ this term. A. book six B. six book C. the book six D. Book Six 7. We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this____. A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveCDAABDC8. "The year 1999" should be read "The year____". A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine9. He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two D. till tenth 10. Every day he begins to do his homework ___.A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventh D. until ten 11. We all like the_____ boy.A. of ten years old B. ten-year-old C. at ten old D. of age of ten 12. There are____ months in a year. December is the ____ month of the year.A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth 13. During____ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty14. Jenny was born_______.A. on July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 1987, July 10 BBABBBA八、形容词和副词形容词形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。

是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词副词副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词1. He is a good student.2. The film is very interesting.3. There is something wrong with the bike.4. Lucy is older than Helen.1.The problem is very difficult.2. He wrote the letters carefully. • 方式副词：方式副词：carefully, quickly, suddenly… 2. 地点副词：地点副词：here, there, up, down…3. 时间副词：时间副词：yesterday, today, now…4. 程度副词：程度副词：very, quite, much, just…形容词和副词的比较级和最高级情况情况比较级比较级最高级最高级一般情况一般情况+er, 如：如：taller, longer, faster, sooner+est, 如：如：tallest, longest, fastest, soonest以以e结尾的词结尾的词+r, 如：如：later, nicer, larger+st, 如：如：latest, nicest, largest以重读闭音节结以重读闭音节结尾的词尾的词双写最后一个字母，再双写最后一个字母，再+er, 如如: bigger, fatter双写最后一个字母，再双写最后一个字母，再+est，，如：如：biggest, fattest以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词结尾的词把把y改为改为i再再+er, 如：如：busier, earlier把把y改为改为i再再+est, 如：如：busiest, earliest大部分多音节词大部分多音节词在前面加在前面加more, 如：如：more careful, more wonderfully在前面加在前面加most, 如：如：most careful, most wonderfully不规则的词：不规则的词：good/well, many/much,farbettermorefarther/furtherbestmostfarthest/further比较级的用法1. 用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比比…………更更……一些一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词的意思，通常用一个由从属连词than引导的状语从句来表示和引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比。

为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略如：什么相比为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He got more information than I did.He runs faster than I.2. 如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的，我们就可以用如果我们要说两个东西在某一方面是一样的，我们就可以用 “as+形容词形容词/副词副词+as”, 形容词不用比较级而用原级在作否定形容词不用比较级而用原级在作否定比较时，可以用比较时，可以用not as…as…, not so…as…, 也可以用也可以用less…than…，如：，如：Jimmy is as tall as his father.I don’t write as/so well as Helen.This film is less interesting than that one.比较级的用法3. 为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用“双重比较双重比较”的方法，的方法，这种结构后面不可跟这种结构后面不可跟than引导的比较状语从句。

如：引导的比较状语从句如：He is crying harder and harder.Our country gets more and more beautiful.Computers are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster.4. 表示两个变化是一起发生的，可以把比较级形式和表示两个变化是一起发生的，可以把比较级形式和the一一起用，表示起用，表示“越越…………，就越，就越…………”的意思如：的意思如：The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air is.The earlier you start, the sooner you will be back. 一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级  short________ strong______   big_____  small_______  fat_________   thin_________ heavy____   light________  nice________  good_______   beautiful_______________  low_________ high________  slow_______  fast________  late_________ early________  far_________ well_______二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years __________(old) than me.2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes, she is.4. Who is ___________(thin), you or Helen? Helen is.5.______Nancy sing _____(well) than Helen? Yes, she ___. 6.Fangfang is not as ____(tall) as the other girls. 7.My eyes are __________(big) than _____ (she)8.Who gets up _________(early), Tim or Tom? 9._____the girls get up ______(early) than the boys? No, they______.三、翻译句子：三、翻译句子：1、谁比、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。

年纪大？是你 is _______than Jim？？  ______ are.2.我喜欢游泳我所有的朋友都游得比我慢我喜欢游泳我所有的朋友都游得比我慢I like ___.All my____  ____  _____than me.      3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的pencil is _________,______or      ________？？________is, I think.4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小我母亲比我父亲年纪小My_____    _____   ______than my ______.      5.多做运动，你会更强壮多做运动，你会更强壮 ____ more exercise, and you’ll ____ ____soon.  Practise1. Shanghai is ________than Beijing. It is ____________ city in our country. (large) 2. Bill isn’t as ______ as Mike. Tom is ______ than Mike. Who is ________ of the three boys? (old) 3. Mary draws as ______ as Bill, and she is much _______ than him at singing. (well, good) 4. Spring is coming. The weather is getting ________ and _________.(warm) 5. Tom, Jon and I bought a computer each last week. John’s computer is much ____________ than Tom’s and mine. It is _________________ of the three. (expensive) 6. It is a little __________ today than yesterday. (wet) 7. Mrs Brown is much ________ than she was two years ago. (healthy) 8. Which do you like _________, basketball, volleyball, or football? (well) largerthe largestoldolderthe oldestwellbetterwarmerwarmermore expensivethe most expensivewetterhealthierbest1.Beijingers are true __________ to the world. (friend)2. Look! How __________ Kitty is laughing! (happy)3. I think July is ______ than any other month in our country. (hot)4. She always listens to the teacher _________ in class. (care)5. The park is one of the ______________ parks in Beijing. (beautiful)6. She speaks English, but not as _______ as his brother. (good)7. I was __________ by the _________ sound. (frightened, frightening)8. The music sounds ____________. (beautiful, beautifully)9. Don’t make so much noise, or you will wake up the _________ boy. (sleeping, asleep)10. Yesterday’s concert was wonderful. I’ve never heard such an _________ one before. (excited, exciting)Practisefriendlyhappilyhottercarefullymost beautifulwellfrightenedfrighteningbeautifulsleepingexcitingThere be 的结构肯定句：肯定句： There is/was a … There are/were …一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is/Was there …? Yes, there is/was. No, there isn’t/was. Are there…? Yes, there are/were. No, there aren’t/weren’t.否定句：否定句： There isn’t/wasn’t …. There aren’t/weren’t….There be表示表示 “存在有存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不或不存在存在)常用这种结构。

其中常用这种结构其中there是引导词是引导词,本身无词义本身无词义;be为谓为谓语动词语动词,后面跟的是名词后面跟的是名词,也就是主语也就是主语,也就是说也就是说there be结构结构的运用也就是倒装的具体运用其真正的主语在的运用也就是倒装的具体运用其真正的主语在there be 之之后 There be 的结构1.Some 和和 any 一般情况下，一般情况下， some用于肯定句中，用于肯定句中， any用于否定句中如：用于否定句中如： There is some milk in the bottle. There aren’t any pictures on the wall. Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?3. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：1)What’s in the basket? There are some eggs in it.2) How many students are there in your class? There are fifty students.2. Be动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则：动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则： There is a pen and two pencils in the box. There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.Fill in the blank with “have, has”or “there is , there are” 1. I ________ a good father and a good mother. 2. ____________a telescope on the desk. 3. He_________ a tape-recorder. 4. ____________a basketball in the playground. 5. She__________ some dresses. Practise1．．There ________  no tea in the cup．．    A．．is     B．．are      C．．has     D．．be 2．．There ________ in the next room．．    A．．is Tom    B．．are some boys C．．are they  D．．is the boy 3．．There is some  ________  on the plate．．    A．．apple    B．．bread     C．．banana    D．．sandwich 4．．There ________  some paper and a pen on the desk．．    A．．is    B．．are     C．．have    D．．has 5．．There's going to ________  in tomorrow's newspapers．．    A．．have something new       B．．have new something    C．．be something new         D．．be new something 6．．There is some milk in the bottle，， ________ ？？    A．．isn't there    B．．aren't there    C．．isn't it     D．．are there 7．． ________ is there on the table？？    A．．How many apples   B．．How much bread    C．．How much breads   D．．How many food 8．．There is ________  old woman in the car．．    A．．×   B．．a    C．．the   D．．an ABBACAAD9．．There's ________  orange tree behind ________  house．．    A．．an ；；the   B．．a；；a   C．．the；；the 10．．There is  _____ map in the classroom．．____ map is on the wall．．    A．．a；；A    B．．the；；The   C．．a；；The    D．．the；；A 11．．There is ____ “f”and _____ “u”in the word“four”．．    A．．an；；a     B．．a；；a     C．．an；；an     D．．a；；an 12．．There ______  not any water in the glass．．    A．．has      B．．is       C．．are 13．．There ________  an apple and ten bananas in the basket．．You can take any of them．．    A．．are   B．．is     C．．has     D．．have 14．． ________ any flowers on both sides of the street？？    A．．Is there    B．．Are there     C．．Has     D．．Have 15．．There is little water in the glass，， ________ ？？    A．．isn 't there B．．isn't it   C．．is it   D．．is there 16．．There ________  some water in the bottle．．    A．．are      B．．is     C．．has     D．．have 17．．How many  ________ are there in your classroom？？    A．．desks    B．．desk    C．．chair    D．．door ACABBBDBA“Wh”的疑问句1.What——1) What’s this/that? 2) What’s your name? 3) What are you doing? 4) What do you like/need? 5) What did you do? 6) What is his job? 7) What do you usually do at the weekends? 8) What are you going to do? 9) What colour is it? 10) What’s the weather like? 11) What time is it? What’s the time? 12) What day is it? What’s the date? 13) What would you like? 13) What can you see? 14) What subjects do you have this term? 15) What lessons do you have in the morning?“Wh”的疑问句2. How—— 1) How are you? 2) How old are you? 3) How do we go to the park? 4) How many apples can you see? 5) How much are they? 6) How about…? 7) How do you spend your weekends? 8) How far…? How long…? How often…? 3. Who—— Who is that? Who’s that boy in/with…?“Wh”的疑问句4. Whose—— 1)Whose is this bike? 2)Whose bike is this? 3) Whose bag is bigger, yours or mine?5. Which—— 1) Which one? 2) Which is longer, yours or mine? 3) Which season do you like best?6. Where—— 1) Where is the book? 2) Where are you from?7. Why—— Why?1.Tom visits the Science Museum every year.2. The building near the factory is the People’s hospital.3. Jack did well in maths.4. It’s cloudy today.5. My mother is over 40 years old.6. I usually take No. 4 bus to work.7. We have a class meeting once a week.What does Tom visit every year?Which building is the People’s hospital?How did Jack do in maths?What’s the weather like today? How old is your mother?Which bus do you usually take to work? How often do you have a class meeting?Practise8. The coat is 388 yuan.9. Uncle Wang feels better now.10. He goes to school by bus.11. They are cleaning their classroom now.12. They are on the lake.13. Xiao Wang is looking for his teacher. 14. Tom’s mother is a music teacher. 15. I go to work at eight .How much is the coat?How does Uncle Wang feel now?How does he go to school?What are they doing now?Where are they?Who is Xiao Wang looking for?What is Tom’s mother’s job?/ What does Tom’s mother do?What time do you go to work?PractiseThank you!。