高一英语(上)第一单元知识点归纳.doc

高一英语（上）第一单元知识点归纳Unit1一、基本知识点：1、argueargueabout/over....就某事而争论arguewith...和某人争论arguefor/agaist赞成/反对arguethat...主张，认为arguesb.into/outof(doing)sth说服某人做/不做某事Hearguedwiththetaxidriveraboutthefare.Hearguedfor/againstthenewplantobecarriedoutthenextmonth.Hearguedthatourattemptwouldbeawasteoftime.Wearguedhimoutofdoingsuchasillything.Theyarguedthematterthewholeafternoon,andatlastagreedthedateforthenextmeeting.A. with;withB. on;onC. about;onD. over;overEverytimeIexpressanopinion,healwaysarguemeit.A. against;againstB. against;overC. with;againstD. with;for2、shareshare(in)sth.sharesth.withsb.a/one'sshareJiaoYulusharedthejoysandsorrowswiththepeople.It'sraininghard.MayIsharetheumbrellawithyou?Everybodyoughttohavehisshareoffood.LetHarryplaywithyourtoysaswell,ClareyoumustlearntoA. supportB. careC. spareD. share3、survivesurvivesthsurviveonsthsurvivaln(u)survivorn(c)Ofthefourpeopleinthecaraccident,onlyonesurvived.Hefeltluckytohavesurvivedthewar.Insuchdryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.A. havesurvivedB. aretosurviveC. wouldsurviveD. willsurvie4、imagine(不可用进行时)imaginesth.Imagine(one's)doingsth.Icanhardlyimaginelivingaloneonanisland.Doyouthinkwe'llhaveaholiday?Iimagineso.(Just)imagine(it).想想看Canyouimaginethesefatmenahighmountain?A. climbingB. toclimbC. beingclimbedD. tobeclimbed5、supposesupposesb./sth.tobe以为某人（物）是；suppose+that从句表示建议“不妨，何不”；Let'ssuppose+从句，表示“假设”besupposedtodo....应该/应当做.....在答语中，肯定为Isupposeso.“我认为如此”；否定为Idon'tsupposeso./Isupposenot.Suppose/Supposing假如Idon'tsupposeanyoneiswillingtogotherealone,they?A.doIB. don'tIC. dotheyD.arethey6、especiallyspeciallyparticularlyespecially,副词“尤其是”“特别是”，用来修饰形容词、介词短语或状语从句，含有超出其他之意，用来加强语气，表达这一意思时，可与particularly通用。

specially,副词，“特意地”“专门地”，强调有特色，不一般，是专门为一特定目的而进行的某一特定行为Helikesthecountry,especiallyinautumn.Myunclecametothecountryspeciallytoseemymother.It'salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,ifyoudon'tknowthelanguage.A. extremelyB. naturallyC. basicallyD. especially7、forexample与suchasforexample用来表示举例说明，位句中的插入语，其前、后要用逗号隔开，可以用于句首、句中和句末suchas意为“诸如之类的“例如”,用来列举事物的一类，放在被列举的事物与前面的名次之间，as之后不用逗号LanguagesFrench,ItalianandSpanishcomefromLatin.A. forexampleB. takeasanexampleC. suchthatD. suchas8、inorderto,to与soasto在做目的状语时，可以互换，但soasto不可用于句首，但可以分开使用，so...asto。

它们的否定都是在to前加not.它们都可以转换为sothat/inorderthat引导的目的状语从句，在从句中要加入情态动词I'llwaterthevegetablesinorderto/soasto/tokeepthesoilfromgettingtoodry.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceinordertobeheardbyallthestudents.Heranevenfaster.A. inordertocatchupwithB. nottobecaughtupwithC. soastocatchupothersD. tonotbecaughtupwithlateinthemorning，Bobturnedoffthealarm.A. TosleepB. SleepingC. SleepD. Haveslept9、sothat,inorderthat（1）用来表示目的，引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词常与can,could,may,might,should等情态动词连用Heturneduptheradiosothat/inorderthateveryonecouldhearthenews.当从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致时，可进行如下转换。

Wegotupearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.=Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirsttrain.当从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，要用for来引导不定式的逻辑主语Istoppedsothathecouldspeaktome.=Istoppedforhimtospeaktome.sothat,inorderthat引导目的状语从句，一般不放在句首2）用来引导结果状语从句从句中的谓语动词不与can,could,may,might,should等情态动词连用，而用过去式Heturneduptheradiosothateveryoneheardthenews.10、muchtoo,toomuchmuchtoo的中心词是too,用来修饰形容词和副词，在句中做状语toomuch的中心词是much，可做代词或形容词，在句中做主语、表语、宾语或定语等成分坐定语时后接不可数名词betoomuchforsb.意为“对某人来说太”Toomuchhasbeendonerecently.Don'tdrinktoomuchwine.It'stoomuchformetoliftthestone.Thesemathsproblemsaredifficultforme.Couldyoupleasehelpmeout?A. muchtooB. toomuchC. verymuchD. suchInmyopinion,thestudentshavehomeworkeveryday.A. toomanyB. toomuchC. muchtooD. toolot11、alone,lonelyalone既可做形容词，也可作副词，表示“单独的；独自一人的/地”。

做形容词时,为表语形容词，不能用作前置定语，但可做后置定语和补足语alone不能用very修饰,而要说muchalone,或verymuchalone由alone构成的短语有：allalone“独自”；leave/let....alone'别管，听任”；letalone“更不用说”lonely仅作形容词，可做表语和定语，表示“孤独的；偏僻的；荒凉的”做表语时，alone的意思是“独自一人”，指的是客观情况；lonely的意思是“寂寞”,指的是主观情感Althoughthelittlegirlwas___athome,shedidn'tfeel___atall.A. alone,lonelyB. lonely,aloneC. alone,aloneD. lonely,lonelyTheoldmanlivedinavillage,buthedidn'tfeel.A. lonely,alone,lonelyB. lonely,lonely,aloneC. alone,lonely,lonelyD. alone,alone,lonely12、表示“爱好，喜欢”的短语及所接的成分有：befondof+名词/代词/动词ing形式；like+名词/代词/动词ing形式/不定式；enjoy++名词/代词/动词ing形式；beinto++名词/代词feellike++名词/代词/动词ing形式；Iamnothiking,butIamfondsinging.A. into;atB. on;atC. into;ofD. on;of13、关于lie和lay的用法原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义用法lieliedliedlying撒谎不及物lielaylainlying躺位于不及物系动词laylaidlaidlaying放置，产及物tellalie/lies撒谎liedown躺下liein在于Hissuccessliesinhardwork.练习：Theboyinbedtohismotherthatthehammerstillwherehehadit.A. lying;lay;lay;lainB. lies;lay;lied;laidC. lying;lied;lay;laidD. lies;lied;laid;lain二、句式1、Whatdoessb.looklike?Whatissb.like意为“某人看上去如何？”侧重于外表。

Whatdoessb.like?意为“某人喜欢什么？”Howdoessb.likesb.意为“某人以为某人如何？”?Heistallandbrave.A. WhatdoeshelikeB. H。