人教版双语报高中英语 Unit 3 Understanding each other Grammar and usage课件 牛津选修6.pptx

Unit 3Understandingeach otherGrammar and usage12021/8/7 星期六ObjectivesTo learn to identify an unreal conditional in a sentenceTo learn the forms of unreal conditionalsTo learn when to use the unreal conditionalsTo learn how to use the unreal conditionals22021/8/7 星期六Unreal conditionals虚拟语气虚拟语气And you probably much sleep if you near where a wedding reception was being held.如果你住的地方离婚礼现场不远，你很如果你住的地方离婚礼现场不远，你很可能睡不好可能睡不好wouldnt getlived32021/8/7 星期六Unreal conditionals虚拟语气虚拟语气42021/8/7 星期六 语气（语气（mood）也是动词的一种形）也是动词的一种形式变化。

它表示说话者对所指的动词式变化它表示说话者对所指的动词或状态所持的态度，而且，在谓语动或状态所持的态度，而且，在谓语动词上有所体现，词上有所体现，语气可分为三种：陈语气可分为三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气虚拟语气Introduction 52021/8/7 星期六 虚拟语气虚拟语气(the Subjunctive Mood)是用来表示说话人所说的话不是事是用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是主观愿望、假使、建议、实，而是主观愿望、假使、建议、推测、纯粹的空想等推测、纯粹的空想等62021/8/7 星期六 例例1：These doggies are sleeping very soundly.（陈述语气）（陈述语气）72021/8/7 星期六 例例2 2：Stop laughing!（祈使语气）（祈使语气）82021/8/7 星期六 If you keep beating me like this,I would tell your teacher.例例3：（虚拟语气）（虚拟语气）92021/8/7 星期六 虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它一些从句中。

虚拟语气用于条件句中一些从句中虚拟语气用于条件句中的情况较复杂的情况较复杂,所以要特别加以注意所以要特别加以注意首先，要判断一下是否该用虚拟语气首先，要判断一下是否该用虚拟语气,因为条件句有两种因为条件句有两种,一种是真实条件一种是真实条件句句,一种是非真实条件句一种是非真实条件句,只有在非只有在非真实条件句中才用虚拟语气真实条件句中才用虚拟语气,在真实在真实条件句中条件句中,要用陈述语气要用陈述语气102021/8/7 星期六If my aunt comes this afternoon,she will bring me some gifts.如果姨妈下午来，她会给我带礼物的如果姨妈下午来，她会给我带礼物的1.真实条件句真实条件句:112021/8/7 星期六If he were to leave today,he would get there by Friday.假如他今天离开，他周五将到那儿假如他今天离开，他周五将到那儿If I were you,I would go to look forhim.如果我是你，就会去找他如果我是你，就会去找他2.非真实条件句非真实条件句:122021/8/7 星期六 如果条件句假设的情况完全不存如果条件句假设的情况完全不存在或者实现的可能性很小在或者实现的可能性很小,甚至可以说甚至可以说几乎没有时几乎没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表就需要用虚拟语气来表达达,也就是说也就是说,此时的条件句是非真实此时的条件句是非真实条件句。

条件句非真实条件句的谓语动词形式：非真实条件句的谓语动词形式：132021/8/7 星期六与现在事实相反的条件句的结构：与现在事实相反的条件句的结构：条件句：过去时条件句：过去时（be动词用动词用were）主句：主句：would/could/might+动词原形动词原形If I were you,I should/would go at once.If I got the chance,I would want to be a lawyer.例如：例如：142021/8/7 星期六注意注意:在非正式表述或口语中，在非正式表述或口语中，if I/he/she/it之后之后,可用可用was代替代替were两者在意义上没有区别，但是者在意义上没有区别，但是were更为更为正式，特别是在表述心存怀疑的事情正式，特别是在表述心存怀疑的事情时：时：If Lucy were ready,we would start.假如露西准备好了，我们就出发假如露西准备好了，我们就出发152021/8/7 星期六与过去事实相反的条件句的结构：与过去事实相反的条件句的结构：If you had been there last night,nothing would have happened.If the boy had got up earlier,he would have caught the bus.条件句：过去完成时条件句：过去完成时 had done主句：主句：would/could/might+have done162021/8/7 星期六与将来事实相反的条件句的结构：与将来事实相反的条件句的结构：条件句：条件句：Ifwas/were/did主句：主句：would/could/might doIf it were sunny tomorrow,we would go camping.If I were free next Sunday,I would certainly go to your party.172021/8/7 星期六注意注意:在与将来事实可能相反的条件句在与将来事实可能相反的条件句中中,谓语动词还可用谓语动词还可用were to 或或should+do来表示来表示,如如:If I were to fail my driving test,I would have to take it again next month.If he should come tomorrow,I would talk to him about it.182021/8/7 星期六 从从 if 从句的动从句的动词形态来看，使词形态来看，使用虚拟语气的条用虚拟语气的条件句在时态方面件句在时态方面比起真实条件句比起真实条件句中的时态要向后中的时态要向后退让一步。

退让一步要点领会：要点领会：192021/8/7 星期六比较比较 1：一般现在一般现在vs.一般过去（一般过去（be动词多采用动词多采用were的形式）的形式）If he is at home now,he is sure to be surfing the Internet.（真实条件句）（真实条件句）If he were at home now,he would be surfing the Internet.（虚拟条件句）虚拟条件句）202021/8/7 星期六比较比较 2：现在完成现在完成vs.过去完成过去完成If he has finished his homework now,he is sure to be surfing the Internet.（真实条件句）（真实条件句）If he had finished his homework now,he would be surfing the Internet.（虚拟条件句）（虚拟条件句）212021/8/7 星期六比较：比较：过去过去vs.过去完成过去完成If he bought the book yesterday,he had no money left for lunch.（真实条件句）（真实条件句）If he had bought the book yesterday,he would have had no money left for lunch.（虚拟条件句）（虚拟条件句）222021/8/7 星期六 主句的谓语由具主句的谓语由具过去式形态的情态动过去式形态的情态动词如词如 would、could、should 等加上动词原等加上动词原形（对现在和将来的形（对现在和将来的虚拟）及完成形（对虚拟）及完成形（对过去的虚拟）构成过去的虚拟）构成。

要点领会：要点领会：232021/8/7 星期六If they knew each other,they would be talking now.（现在）（现在）If they had got lost last night,they would have been caught by the storm.（过去）（过去）If they should lend us a hand,we would finish the task earlier.（将来）将来）242021/8/7 星期六PracticeRead the dialogue on page 40 and fill in each blank with the correct form of the verb in brackets.252021/8/7 星期六非真实条件句的省略与倒装：非真实条件句的省略与倒装：在非真实条件句中在非真实条件句中,如果有如果有were,had,should,我们可以将我们可以将if省略省略,把这些把这些词置于从句的句首词置于从句的句首,形成倒装形成倒装,如如:If I should meet her,I would tell her.=Should I meet her,I would tell her.If I were in your position,I would do it better.=Were I in your position,I would do it better.262021/8/7 星期六 If they had made preparations,they would have succeeded.=Had they made preparations,they would have succeeded.如果虚拟条件句中没有如果虚拟条件句中没有were,had和和should则不能省略则不能省略if,当然也不当然也不能倒装。

能倒装注意注意：272021/8/7 星期六Practice 1.Were it not for the snowy weather,we _ all right now.A.would be B.would have been C.were D.may be 2.If he _ me tomorrow,I would let him know.A.should call B.should not have been able C.were not able D.are not able AA282021/8/7 星期六3._today,he would get there by Friday.A.Would he leave B.Was he leaving C.Were he to leave D.If he leaves 4.If it _this afternoon,the English party would be ruined.A.rains B.rained C.will rain D.was rainingCB292021/8/7 星期六5.If you had rung us yesterda。