定语从句中的有关错误.doc

定语从句中的有关错误重点诠释 定语从句的正确使用，也是很难把握的，因此在短文改错中会形成难点难点主要有：关系代词和关系副词的分辨以及一些特殊引导词的使用，如whose, as 等难点回顾：1. 关系代词和关系副词的区别：在判断和使用引导词时，我们主要采用以下方法：判成分、看指代首先，判断引导词在定语从句中所作的成分，如果引导词作主语、宾语、表语或定语，就用关系代词 that（作主语、宾语或表语）, which（作主语、宾语或定语）, who（作主语或宾语）, whom（作宾语）, as（作主语、宾语或表语）, whose（作定语），其中 that, which, who, whom 作宾语时，一般可省略; 如果作状语，就用关系副词 when（作时间状语，相当于"介词+which"）, where（作地点状语, 相当于"介词+which"）, why（作原因状语, 相当于 for which）其次，看引导词指代什么，如果指物，就用 which; 如果指人，就用 who, whom; that 和 whose 既可指人, 又可指物［误］ Do you think the reason why he gave us is reasonable?［正］ Do you think the reason that/which he gave us is reasonable?［析］此处定语从句的引导词作从句中动词的宾语。

［误］ This is the student who’s composition won the first prize.［正］ This is the student whose composition won the first prize.［析］whose 引导定语从句，本身作定语修饰后面的名词2．as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：as 和 which 引导非限制性定语从句时，都可在从句中作主语或宾语但当从句中的谓语动词是实义动词时，一般用 which, 而不用 aswhich 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面，意为"这一点"；as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、之中或之后，经常用于 as is said above, as we know, as is well known, as is often the case, as is reported, as was expected 等结构中，as 含有"正如、正像"之意［误］ She always shows off her beautiful clothes, as made the others unhappy.［正］ She always shows off her beautiful clothes, which made the others unhappy.［析］which 引导非限制性定语从句，作"这一点"讲，指代前面整个主句的内容。

［误］ Which is often the case, he stays up late before the exam.［正］ As is often the case, he stays up late before the exam.［析］ 见上述说明　　3．介词提前时，应如何选择合适的介词？介词提前时，定语从句的引导词只能用 which, whom, whose,而不能用that 或 who在判断使用什么样的介词时，一要看句意；二要看搭配关系，即看后面的谓语动词和前面被定语从句修饰的名词以确定应搭配什么样的介词介词提前有以下几种情况：［误］ The clever boy made a hole in the wall, in which he could see what was happening inside the house.［正］ The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.［析］从句意和介词跟名词的搭配上看，定语从句引导词应用表示"从……中间穿过"之意的介词 through。

［误］ There were two things of which they took pride.［正］ There were two things in which they took pride.［析］take pride in=be proud of典例调研［例 1］ I prefer the house which window faces the lake.which→whosewhose 引导定语从句时，本身作定语修饰后面的名词［例 2］ Which is known to all, he is the best student in our class.Which→Asas 引导非限制性定语从句时，可以放在主句的前面，也可以放在主句的后面which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面［例 3］ This is not the dictionary at which the teacher spoke in class.at→ofspeak of 为固定搭配，"谈到"［例 4］ I like the same book like you bought yesterday.第二个 like 改为 as。

the same as 属固定搭配［例 5］ The first lesson which I learnt will never be forgotten.which→that前面出现序数词、最高级以及不定代词时，定语从句只能用that 引导［例 6］ I often thought of the happy days that I stayed in Beijing.that→whenwhen 引导定语从句时，本身在定语从句中作时间状语指导·借鉴掌握定语从句引导词的基本用法，从"成分"和"指代"的角度去选择适当的引导词，并注意一些特殊引导词的意义和用法以及它们之间的区别强化闯关　　1．The woman, of whom I learned the news, is a nurse.2. She has three children, all of which are at school.3. My glasses, with which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.4. These are the most interesting books are on show.5. They are talking about the teachers and schools which they have visited.6. We’ll meet at the same place where we met last month.7. My father works in a factory where makes computer.8. I don’t like the way how you listen with your mouth halfopen.9. The girl who you want to see is the one lives next to me.10. His mother bought him two books, both of them were what he liked.答案及解析：1. of→from。

learn sth. from sb.意为"从某人那儿获得消息"2. which→whom此处指人,故只能用 whom 引导定语从句3. with→without从意思判断可知是"没有"眼镜不行4. were 前加 that定语从句缺少主语5. which→that当先行词既指人又指物时，定语从句引导词只能用that6. where→asthe same as...是固定搭配7. where→which/that 此处引导词在定语从句中作主语8. how→thatway 后不能用 how 引导定语从句，只能用 that 或 in which9. lives 前加 that定语从句缺少主语，而且前面的先行词是不定代词　　10. them→which此处构成的是定语从句，故应用定语从句的引导词。