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对外经济贸易大学考研国际贸易学综合试题.docx

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    • 对外经济贸易大学考研国际贸易学综合试题-11-19 18:24 页面功能 【字体:大 中 小】【打印】【关闭】    一、填空(每空1.5分,共9分)  1、商品的边际替代率是指,在(  )不变的前提下,每增长一单位的某种商品而需要减少的另一种商品的数量  2、哈罗德觉得一种国家的经济增长率取决于(  )和(  )  3、正常关税一般是指( )  4、一国持有国家储藏的成本指(  )与利息之差  5、IMF会员国的投票权重要取决于她们的(  )  二、判断下列各题的论述与否对的,对的的划勾,错误的划差每题1.5分,共9分)  1、垄断厂商在实现短期均衡时,也许会浮现亏损,即经济利润为负  2、国民经济中只要有摩擦性事业或资源性事业存在,就不能说经济实现了充足就业 3、按照国际商会制定的《通则》中的D组贸易术语成交的合同均属于达到合同(ArrivalContract),在此类合同下,卖方均无办理货运保险的义务  4、WTO《海关估价合同》规定了六种海关估价的措施,它们是进口商品的成交价格、相似商品的成交价格、类似商品的成交价格、倒扣法、计算价格法和合理措施  5、6月经中国人民银行批准,渣打银行成为首家获准向中国内地居民和公司提供外币服务的外资银行。

       6、择期是一种可以放弃合约履行的外汇业务  三、单选题(每题1.5分,共6分) 1、在垄断厂商的长期均衡产量上可以有:  A、P>LAC  B、PI  B、DX+DI<  C、SX+SI>I  D、SX+SI<I  四、多选题(每题2.5分,共10分)  1、下列哪些项目可计入GDP: A、政府转移支付  B、购买一辆新的载重卡车  C、购买一辆新的载重卡车模型玩具  D、购买一块地产  2、出口管制的商品重要涉及:  A、战略物资及其有关的先进技术资料,如武器,军事设备等  B、对国内生产所需的原材料、半成品及国内市场供应局限性的某些必需品  C、密集使用本国丰裕生产要素的产品  D、某些重要的文物、艺术品、黄金、白银等特殊品 3、根据国际惯例,下列有关可转让信用证的阐明中,对的的是: A、可转让信用证的受益人可以将信用证金额转让给一种或一种以上的人使用 B、可转让信用证的转让以一次为限,因此只有第一和第二受益人没有第三受益人  C、可转让信用证中必须注明可转让(Transferable)字样,否则不能转让  D、可转让信用证的第二受益人因故不能履约时,也不能将信用证转回给第一受益人  4、套汇的重要方式有:  A、两角套汇  B、三角套汇  C、套利  D、套期保值 五、简朴精确解释下列名词(每题4分,共16分)  1、局部均衡和一般均衡 2、机会成本  3、技术性贸易壁垒  4、主线性违约 六、论述与分析题(第1题10分,第2、3题各15分,第4题10分,共50分)  1、国际储藏管理的原则和内容是什么?  2、如何理解经济全球化条件下各国贸易政策的竞争与协调关系。

      3、假定某一化工厂生产的产品需求函数为:P=600-2Q,成本函数为CP=3Q^2-400Q+40000  (1)求利润最大时的产量、价格和利润 (2)若由于外部不经济(环境污染)使社会受到损失从而使社会成本函数为CS=4.25Q^2-400Q+40000试求帕累托最优的产量和价格应为多少:  (3)简朴阐明外部不经济对资源配备效率的影响,政府应当相应采用什么措施解决外部不经济问题?  4、某年9月中旬,A公司有一机器设备要发售,向国外某客户B公司发盘发盘中简介了设备状况,报了价格,并规定发盘有效期为9月底之前B公司研究了发盘条件,觉得可以接受,但没有向发盘人表达接受的意向,而是派代理人直接到A公司所在地办理购买手续并安排接运设备事宜但在20日,C公司得知A公司要发售设备的消息,便派人到现场付款后提货9月25日B公司的代理人赶到A公司所在地时,发现所要设备已被她人提走,便规定A公司补偿她的损失对此A公司觉得双方之间没有合同关系,予以回绝请问,B公司与否有权向A公司索赔?并请阐明理由 七、专业英语(英译中,第1题15分,第2题15分,第3题20分,共50分)  1.let's really clean up those numbers——now Little noticed in the shock of WorldCom Inc.'s massive accounting fraud is that it came to light only after a review initiated by the company's audit committee. Yes,believe it or not,the directors in theboardroom actually asked their auditors to take another look at the numbers.  Lo and behold,that review let to the largest single restatement ever:a $3.8 billion reduction in previously reported pretax income. Together with Xerox Corp's recent concession that it overstated operating earnings by $1.4billion,these two corporate meaculpas alone nearly match the combined total hit of $5.8 billion from all 463 restatements in 1998,1999,and .  How much worse can it get? Plenty. It's not that we'll likely see numbers as breathtaking as those as World Comor Xerox. But expect a tidal wave of restatements to come in what will surely amount to some sort of accounting chatharsis. If ever there was a time for companies to come clean,it's now. Over the years,the quality of financial reporting has varied widely. Some companies did the bare minimum to meet accounting standards. Others were more cautious. To get beyond the current stock market malaise,companies need to flush out the excesses so investors can regain their confidence in our financial system. It's better to take a hit now than risk dragging this out over the next few years.  2.Happy birthday,Milton Friedman  Milton Friedman's professional career has been marked by controversy over his many policy proposals. Yet as he approaches his 90th birthday,Friedman is increasingly recognized as the most influential economist in a 20th century that witnessed towering contributions from John Maynard Keynes,Paul A. Samuelson,and others.Friedman is best known for monetarism,a view that stability in the growth of the money supply is crucial to controlling inflation and recessions. Although the relation between the money supply and the economy has often been highly variable,no less an authority than Fedral Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan has indicated that Friedman's emphasis on a stable monetary framework was instrumental in guiding central banks in Europe and the U.S. toward low inflation during the pass two decades.  Before Friedman,economic conventional wisdom held that inflation reduces unemployment because prices rise faster than labor costs. In the late 1960s,Friedman argued instead that there is no permanent reduction in unemployment from continuing inflation because wages eventua。

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