(完整版)初中英语仁爱版八年级上册知识点梳理(共计59.doc

八年级(上册)Unit 1 Play Sports【考点解析】Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball?Section A 1．We are going to have a basketball game against Class Three． against表示“对着：反对；靠着” 2．cheer sb．on为……加油，鼓劲 3．win和beat都可表示“赢”，但用法不同 (1) win(won，won)一般后接比赛，奖品或奖项作宾语，也可作不及物动词，表示“赢”的结果 (2) beat(beat，beaten)击败、战胜，一般接对手作宾语，还可译为“心脏跳动”或“击打” a game a team win+事物 a war beat+对手 a nation a prize an apponent(对手) 4．prefer宁愿，更喜欢 (1)prefer doing sth．to doing sth．跟做某事比较起来更喜欢做某事prefer sb．／sth．to sb.／sth．跟某人／某物比较起来更喜欢人／某物 (2)prefer to do sth．(rather)than do sth．跟做某事比较起来更喜欢做某事 (3)prefer to do sth．更喜欢做某事 5．join／take part in (1)join参加某个政党，团体，组织等，成为其中的一员 (2)join sb．(in doing sth．)和某人一起(做某事) (3)join in=take part，in参加某项活动 Section B 1．play for a team为某队效力be in／on the team在某队打球 2．dream作名词，“梦，梦想”。

e．g．my dream job也可作动词dream of／about sth.／doing sth． 3．“one of the+形容词最高级+名词的复数”意思是“最……之一” 4．break the record打破记录 5．in the 2008 Beijing Olympics在2008年北京奥运会中在……比赛中”用in e．g．in the race／in the basketball game 6．give up放弃注意应该把介词放在中间e．g．give it up，give up doing sth．放弃做某事 7．What a Shame=What a pity真遗憾!Section C 1．spend／cost／pay／take (1)spend作“花费”之意时，指花费时间／精力／财力在某事或某物上，主语是人 (2)cost主要指花费金钱／时间／劳力／精力等主语是某物或某事其结构是sth．costs sb…． (3)pay sb，酬谢某人，pay…for…可等同于spend…on…，或用cost作同义句转换。

(4)take一般指花费时间，其主语是名词或动名词，经常用it作形式主语 2．do exercise=play sports做运动，锻炼 3．There be句型的将来时结构为There is／are going to be或There will be注意在There be句型中不能出现表示“有”的have和has 4．the high jump跳高 the long jump跳远 5．Sure (1)be sure that+从句e．g．I am sure that he is right．(2)sb．be sure to do sth．某人一定会做某事强调说话人的语气 (3)be sure of／about sth．／doing sth．“确信”，表示主语对……有把握 (4)用在祈使句里Be sure(not)to do sth．一定(不)做某事 e．g．Be sure to come here early．6．make的用法1)make sb．do sth．使某人做某事被动语态中要还原to2)“make sb．／sth．+形容词”使某人或某物处于某种状态。

3)make sth．for sb．—make sb．sth．为某人制作…… 7．be good for“对……有益”，反义词组是be bad for“对……有害” 8．keep healthy=keep fit保持健康 Section D 1．play against跟……进行比赛 play with／play against／play for play with玩耍，游戏，玩乐，与……玩耍play against同……比赛 play for为……效力2．leave…for…离开某地去某地leave for=set off for出发去某地． 3．一般将来时 (1)含义：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或是存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow，soon，later on，next time(week，month，year，Sunday…)等 (2)结构为be going to do sth．或will do sth．There be句型的将来时结构为There is／are going to be或There will be。

注意在There be句型中不能出现表示“有”的have／has (3)表示位置移动的动词go, come，leave，fly，start等可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事其中go和come一定要用现在进行时表示将来 【例19】(10年河北中考)This term________ over．The summer vacation is coming in two weeks． A．is B．was C．has been D．will be 【例20】(10年重庆中考)If you___________ to the 2010 Shanghai Expo next week，I will go with you． A．go B．has gone C．will go D．are going【考点解析】Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water?Section A 1．would／could／will you(please)do sth．“请你做……好吗?”表示委婉请求对方做某事，否定结构是would／could／will you(please)not do sth．。

e．g．Would you please not play the piano loudly? 2．fall ill“生病”，be ill“生病的”，强调一种状态feel ill“感觉不舒服”，强调一种身体感受fall down摔倒，跌倒 3．mind的用法(1)作动词，表示“介意”，常用于疑问句或否定句中其结构是mind sb．／sth．／doing sth． 对would you mind sb．／sb．'s doing sth．及“would you mind if+从句”的回答，如果是表达“会介意”，可用Yes，you'd better not．／I am sorry but I do．如果表达“不会介意”，可用No，not at all．／Never mind．／It doesn't matter．／No，of course not． (2)用于提出建议Would you mind doing sth．／would you mind not doing sth? 对Would you mind doing sth．的回答可以用Of course not，I will do it right away．／Sorry．I will do it right away．对would you mind not doing sth．的回答可以用Sorry，I won't do it again．／I'm sorry about that． (4)作名词，“思想”。

set one's mind to do sth．／on sth．专注于做某事 4．be glad／happy to do sth．乐意做某事 5．practice sth．／doing sth．练习做某事 Section B 1．be always doing sth．老是……，含有抱怨的感情色彩 2．careless形容词，反义词是carefulcarelessly副词，反义词是carefully． 3．chance机会have a chance to do sth．有机会做某事get a chance to do sth．得到一个机会做某事 4．What do you mean by sth．／doing sth．?=What's the meaning of sth．／doing sth．? 5．shout at sb．朝某人喊叫，含有生气或气愤的感情shout to sb．朝某人喊叫，只是为了使对方听到，没有感情色彩 6．fight with sb．=have a fight with sb．与某人打架 7．be angry with sb．意为“生某人的气”，如：【链接】(1) be angry at 对某人的言行感到气愤，(2) be angry about sth. 对某事感到生气，如： 8．do one's best to do sth．=try to do sth．尽力做某事 9．say sorry／hello／goodbye to sb．向某人道歉／问候，／道 10．be／feel sorry for／to do为……而抱歉(难过)11．keep的用法(1) keep sb．doing sth．使某人一直做某事 (2)“keep sb．／sth．+宾补+adj．”使某人／某物处于某种状态 (3)“keep sb．／sth．+宾补+adv．”使某人／某物处于某种状态 (4)keep doing sth．继续不断做某事e． (5)“keep+表语”，表示保持／继续(处于某种状态) e．g．keep fit／healthy (6)赡养e．g．My father keeps a big family． (7)保存，保留e．g．How long can I keep the book? 12．turn down调低音量turn up调高音量turn on打开turn。