直接引语变间接引语宾语从句讲解与练习附.doc

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）解说与练习一．解说：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓构造）就叫宾语从句直接引语变间接引语多半状况下组成宾语从句变化时应注意以下几点：1．指引词（连词）①假如直接引语是陈说句，变为间接引语，指引词用that,that没有实质意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略e.gHesaid,“Mymotherisadoctor.”→Hesaid(that)hismotherwasadoctor.②假如直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语，指引词就用if不可以省略e.g“AreyouEnglish?”Heaskedme→HeaskedmeifIwasEnglish.③假如直接引语是特别疑问句，变为间接引语，指引词就用特别疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhenwherewhichwhohow等，这些词存心义，不可以省略：eg“Howoldareyou?”Heaskedme→HeaskedmehowoldIwas.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，指引词以后都一定使用陈说语序，即“指引词+主语+谓语,），一定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does)e.g.Sheasked,“Whatdoeshewant?”→Sheaskedwhathewanted.Heaskedme,“DoyoulikeEnglish?”→HeaskedmeifIlikedEnglish.三．时态的变化：1.假如主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。

基来源则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般此刻时变为一般过去时，此刻进行时变成过去进行时，一般未来时变为过去未来时eg:1/9①Heaskedme,“Doyouhaveadictionary?”→HeaskedmeifIhadadictionary.②Sheasked,“WhatisTomdoing?asked→whatSheTomwasdoing.③Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonhisdesk.”→Shesaidthatshewouldleaveamessageonhisdesk.2.假如宾语从句表达的是客观真谛，自然现象则不论主句用什么时态，间接引语中的宾语从句一律使用此刻时eg:①Theteachersaidtous,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun②Hesaid,“Lighttrafasterthansound.”→Hesaidlightthattravelsfasterthansound.四．人称的变化与汉语中的状况大概同样，指示代词，时间状语和动词的变化见课本第99页的表格。

五．练习：Ⅰ选择填空 )1.Hesaidthathe____speakalittleEnglishwhenhewasfive.BableCcouldDcan( )AwewillBwillweCyouareDwillyou( )3.Didyouhear____clearly?AwhathesaidBwhathesaysCwhatdidhesayDhowdidhesaid( )4.Hewantedtoknowwhy____uplate.AdidshegetBshegotCdoesshegetDshegets( )2/95.Couldyoutellme____fromyourhousetothefactory?AhowfaritisBitishowfarChowfaritwasDhowfarisit( )6.Couldyoutellmeifit_____tomorrow?ArainBwillrainCraingDrains( )7.Tomaskedme____English.AifIlikesBifIlikedCthatIlikeDthatIliked( )8.Ourteachertoldustheearth____aroundthesun.AgoesBgoCwentDgoing( )9.Doyouremberwhat________whenIcamein?ATomisdoingBTomwasdoingCisTomdoingDwasTomdoing( )10.Heaskedhowmanypictures____。

AdidtheydrawBdotheydrawCtheywilldrawDtheywoulddraw( )11.Theyaskediftheteacher____themsomesongsthenextweek.AwouldteachBhadtaughtCwillteachDtaught( )12.HeaskedmeifI____inShanghai.AliveBlivedCislivingDwillliveⅡ．句型变换1.Idon’tknowwhattosay.Idon’tknow____.2. “What’yoursfavoritecolor”sheaskedme.Sheaskedmewhat____favoritecolor_____.9.MaryaskedGina,“Areyouill?”MaryaskedGina______________ill.10.Tomsaidtome,“Passtheballtome.me”Tom____theballto_____.1Aisableto3/9四、专项练习A. ifB. whenC. whatD. which2. Didyouaskmewho___nextday?B.came3.–Mikedidn’ttellus__hewasleavingthatday.–Iknow.Byair.A. whenB. howC. whyD. whether4.–Hurrytothesafety!–What?Youorderedus___tothesafety.A. hurryB. hurryingC. hurried4/9D.tohurry5.–Whatdoesitsay?–Itsaysthatit____from8to10.A.isopenB. openedC. iscloseD. closed(一)用所给词的正确形式填空。

1.–Tomlooks_____.(sleep)Why?–Heworkedtoolateyesterday.2.Letcheck’supwhetherour____isok.(record)3.Thetravelagencyhasmadean_____planforus.(excite)5.Theydidn’tgiveany_______untilweaskedlawyersforsomehelp.(explain)6.Nobodytrustshim.Weknowhehasn’ttoldthe_____.(true)7. Shefeels____ifsomeonemisunderstandsher.(happy)8. DoyouthinkPiratesofCaribbeanisan_____movie?(enjoy)9. Itis_______foryoungchildrentotalkwithstrangers.(danger)(二)填入适合的词组达成句子1.ask1)Stop!Don’t_____troubles.2)Hisparentsarealways________hisstudy.5/92.agree1)IamafraidIcan't_______her.2) Doyouthinkhewill____takepartinourvolunteeractivity?3) Afteraseriousdiscussion,they______anewpriceforcars.3.arrive1)IwillcallyoubackassoonasI______Tokyo.4. allowAllthestudentsarenot_________bringMP4here.5.add1)I’dliketo___somethingimportant__yourplanHow.2)muchisthe–cost?–Includingmealsitwill_____to$120perday.(三)依据中文提示，达成句子。

1.我不理解为何他从未谈到过他的家人Iwonderwhyhehasnever________________.2.我过去怕蛇Iusedto________________.3.他告诉我他祖父常常一个人去旅行Hetoldmehisgrandpaoftenwent__________.4.我以为他不会记得以前给过我浅笑Idon’tthinkhecould________________.5. Tom什么也没说，就走开了房间Tomleftawayfromtheroom,____________.6.当我经过她房间时，听见她在弹钢琴AsIpassedherroom,I____________________.7.在我13岁时，我妈妈送给我一个重要的礼品6/9WhenIwas13yearsold,mymother_________________.8.她甜美的浅笑能让我感觉快乐，温暖和自信Hersweetsmilecan____________,____andconfident.9.你知道那处发生什么事了？这么吵!Doyouknow__________________.Itistoonoisy.10.他要求每一个人都要带雨衣。

Heaskedeveryone______________。