2023年四级翻译.doc

1．评书(storytelling)是一种中国传统口头讲说的表演形式它也是我国劳动人民创造的一种口头文学评书通常是一个说书人讲述一个故事这个故事往往改编自历史事件、著名小说等除了讲故事外，说书人还会对人物作出评价，辨明是非Storytelling is a traditional Chinese performance in the form of oral speaking. It is also a kind of oral literature created by the working people of our country. Generally, a storyteller tells us a story. It is adapted from historic events, famous novels and so on. Besides, they may also comment on the characters in the story and judge what is right and wrong.2． 春节是中国最重要的传统节日每逢春节，中国人都会回家与家人团聚。

由于越来越多的中国人离开家乡到外地学习或工作，春节前后就会出现春运高峰(Spring Festival rush)每年此时，大量乘客涌入火车站、汽车站和机场因此，公共交通承受着巨大的压力Spring Festival is the most important holiday in China. On every Spring Festival, Chinese return home to reunite with their family members. As more and more Chinese left their hometowns to study or seek work elsewhere, Spring Festival rush has appeared around Spring Festival. During this period every year, volumes of passengers rush to railway stations, bus stations and airports. Therefore, the public transportation is under great pressure. 3中国龙一直是吉祥力量(auspicious power)的象征。

在中国人心目中占据着不可替代的位置在封建社会，龙一直是皇帝和皇权(imperial authority)的象征进入现代社会以后，龙逐渐演变为吉祥物(mascot)龙象征着人类社会与大自然的和谐相处The Chinese dragon has long been a symbol of auspicious power. It has an irreplaceable position in the mind of Chinese people. During the feudal period, the dragon used to serve as a symbol of the emperor and imperial authority. In modern society, it has gradually become a mascot. The Chinese dragon symbolizes the harmony between human society and nature.4放风筝是中国一种古老的娱乐项目风筝源于春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn period)，至今已有2700多年的历史。

风筝最初是军事上传递信息的工具到了宋代，放风筝成为人们喜爱的户外活动现在，放风筝活动在对外文化交流中发挥着重要作用Kite-flying is an old Chinese pastime. Originating in the Spring and Autumn period, kite has a history of more than 2700 years. Kite was first used as a tool to transmit information for military purpose. When it came to the Song Dynasty, kite-flying became a favorite outdoor activity. Nowadays, kite-flying plays an important role in cultural exchanges all over the world. 5．网购是电子商务(electronic commerce)的一种形式顾客足不出户就可以通过网络购买商品或服务物美价廉的商品令越来越多的人迷上了网购。

网购随时随地都可进行据预测，中国网购人数将以更快的速度持续增长Online shopping is a form of electronic commerce. Consumers can purchase goods or services over the Internet without stepping out of their home. With high quality and lower price, online goods attract an increasing number of customers. Online shopping can be conducted anywhere at any time. It is predicted that in the future the number of online shoppers will keep growing in China at a faster rate.6. 圣诞节是西方最盛大的宗教节日之一每年全世界有很多国家都庆祝圣诞节如今，庆祝圣诞节的中国人越来越多他们会像西方人那样装饰（decorate）房子和交换礼物。

在中国，人们常用苹果当圣诞礼物Christmas is one of the grandest religious festivals in the West. It is celebrated in many countries around the world every year. Nowadays, an increasing number of Chinese people celebrate Christmas. They decorate their houses and exchange gifts like the westerners. In China, apples are often given as a gift on Christmas. 7.在中国，人们将那些有国外学习或工作经历的归国人员称为海归(returnee)他们在国外就业机会少在全球经济衰退(recession)的背景下，中国经济仍保持强劲的增长势头越来越多的海归认识到中国市场的潜力因此，每年有成千上万的海归回到祖国In China, returnee is used to refer to those who return to China with the experience of overseas study or work. They had few jobs opportunities abroad. China is keeping strong economic growth even against the backdrop of the global economic recession. A growing group of Chinese returnees come to realize the potential of Chinese market. Therefore, tens of thousands of Chinese returnees return to their motherland every year. 8.中国人认为人生来就得辛勤劳动。

中国式的管理方式鼓励员工之间的合作同时也鼓励普通员工和管理人员之间的合作大多数中国人想从他们的工作中找到生活的意义和乐趣美国人认为中国人将工作视为成为团体中一份子的必不可缺的条件Chinese people believe that people are born to work hard. The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees. It also encourages cooperation between the general staff and the management. Most Chinese try to find the meaning and pleasure of life through their work. Americans think the Chinese view work as essential for having membership in a community. 9.京剧(Peking Opera)一直就是广受欢迎的娱乐中国的普通百姓都很喜欢京剧人物角色以性别、年龄、身份和个性为基础进行区分。

京剧主要有四大行当他们分别是生、旦、净、丑Peking Opera has long been a popular entertainment. It is enjoyed by the common people. The character roles of Peking Opera are distinguished on the basis of sex, age, identity and personality. There are mainly four character types. They are Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou.10.背包旅行(backpacking)是一种低成本的独立旅行背包旅行很受年轻人的欢迎他们用较少的金钱去支付宾馆或是个人交通工具的费用背包旅行不仅仅是一种度假，也是教育的方式背包旅行随着科技的发展也在优化Backpacking is a form of low-cost and independent travel. Backpacking is popular with young adults. They have less money to spend on hotels or private vehicles. Backpacking is not only a way of taking a holiday, but also a means of education. Backpacking has also been improved with the technological development. 11转基因食品(Genetically modified foods)，也叫GM食品。

近来经常在新闻中被提及最近，关于转基因食品的有争议(controversial)研究引起了公众关注然而，转基因食品的引进有可能是灾难性的现在还没有定论Genetically modif。