形容词比较级、-ing形式、-ed形式规则与用法.doc

1 g357 整理形容词比较级、-ing 形式（现在进行时） 、-ed 形式（一般过去时）规则与用法不规则形容词比较等级的形式变化good-----better------best 好的well------better------best 身体好的bad------worse------worst 坏的ill--------worse-------worst 病的many--------more------most 许多much------more--------most 许多few------less-------least 少数几个little-------less------least 少数一点儿far------further------furthest 更进一步，程度far------farther------farthest 更远，路程old-------older------oldest 年老的（指年纪）old------elder-------eldest 年老的（指兄弟姐妹的排行）规则变化  单音节词（只读一个元音，两个辅音间有多个元音也读成一个元音）和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est 来构成比较级和最高级。

  1.一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest   tall(高的) taller tallest 2.以不发音的 e 结尾的单音词和少数以 - le 结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的 ) nicer nicest  large(大的) larger largest  able（有能力的) abler ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est big(大的) bigger biggest hot 热的) hotter hottest 4."以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改 y 为 i，再加  -er，-est easy(容易的) easier easiest busy(忙的) busier busiest   5.少数以-er，-ow 结尾的双音节词未尾加 -er，-est clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest  narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest   6.其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加 more，most 来构成比较级、最高级。

important(重要的) more important  most important  easily(容易地)   more easily most easily    2 g357 整理比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词 be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重 ）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大 ）☆注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长 ）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人） ，那么比较的对象就没有可比性应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或 My hair is longer than your hair.练 习( ) 1 Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. Most( ) 2 This work is ____ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult( ) 3 Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. Well( ) 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was onceA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high( ) 5 Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter?A. well , B. better C. best D. Good（一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式： long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____ heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____ bright______ _____ badly _____ _______ far____ _____ many_____ ______ happy_____ ______  (二)用所给词的正确形式填空： 1. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than before after the summer holidays. 2.He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English. 3. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world.  3 g357 整理4.He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think. 5.Sue is a little ___________________ (beautiful) than her sister. 6.My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s. 7.--How difficult is physics? --I' m not sure.  -- Is it ___________________ (difficult) than maths? -- I don' t think so.8.-- Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well).  -- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the __________ (well). 1、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg.2、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) I’m 12 years old. You’re 14. I’m than you.(2) A rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.3、根据中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I’m than my brother.(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米 . You are than he.(4) 谁比你重 ? than you？4 g357 整理动词的过去式形式1.规则动词的过去式词尾变化有几种:ⅰ.一般情况下+ed, 如: watched, planted, watered, climbed 等.ⅱ.以不发音的字母 e 结尾的+d. 如: liked, tasted 等.ⅲ.以辅音字母+y 结尾的变 y 为 i 再+ed. 如: study→studied2.规则动词的词尾读音ⅰ.在浊辅音和元音后读/d/,如:lived, listened 等.ⅱ.在清辅音后读/t/如: liked, helped, watched 等.ⅲ.在/t/, /d/音后读/id/ 如:planted.3.不规则动词的过去式变化则没有什么规律, 请大家在平时学习的过程中背熟记牢.表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示，而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。

动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词规则动词的过去式变化如下： （1）一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如： worked played wanted acted （2）以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如： lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped （3）以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，把-y 变为-i 再加-ed，如： studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped （5）注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆 go - went，make - made， get - got ，buy - bought ，come - came ，fly-flew ，is/am-was， are-were ，see-saw ，bring-brought，do-did，teach-taught, think-thought, are-were, say-said,sit-sat. read-rea。