2022年考博英语-中国科学院考前模拟强化练习题4（附答案详解）.docx

2022年考博英语-中国科学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题（  ）you can bring yourself to stop hating her, it sounds like an arrangement that could work out rather nicely.问题1选项A.So far asB.So long asC.As well asD.As often as not【答案】B【解析】考察介词短语辨析 “as far as ”就……而言； “so long as”只要； “as well as”也，还；“as often as not”时常; 句意：只要你能使自己停止恨她，这听起来就像是一个很有成效的做法选项B符合句意2. 不定项选择题Physicists aren’t often reprimanded for using risqué humor in their academic writings, but in 1991 that is exactly what happened to the cosmologist Andrei Linde at Stanford University. He had _21_ a draft article entitled “Hard Art of the Universe Creation” to the journal Nuclear Physics. In it, he outlined the _22_ of creating a universe in a laboratory: a whole new cosmos that might one day _23_ its own stars, planets and intelligent life. Near the end, Linde made a seemingly flippant suggestion that our universe itself _24_ knocked together by an alien “physicist hacker”. The paper’s moderator objected to this “dirty joke” on the grounds that religious people might be offended that scientists were aiming to steal the _25_ of universe-making out of the hands of God. Linde changed the paper’s title and abstract but held firm _26_ the line that our universe could have been made by a (an) _27_ scientist. Fast-forward a quarter of a century, and the notion of universe-making—or “cosmogenesis” as I dub it—seems less comical than _28_. I’ve travelled the world talking to physicists who take the concept _29_, and who have even sketched out rough blueprints for how humanity might one day achieve it. Linde’s moderators might have been right to be concerned, _30_ they were making the wrong assumptions. The issue is not who might be offended by _31_, but what would happen if it were truly possible. How would we handle the theological implications? What moral responsibilities would come with fallible humans taking on the _32_ of cosmic creators? Theoretical physicists have grappled for years with related questions _33_ part of their considerations of how our own universe _34_. In the 1980s, the cosmologist Alex Vilenkin at Tufts University in Massachusetts _35_ a mechanism through which the laws of quantum mechanics could have generated an inflating universe from a state in which there was no time, no space and no matter. 问题1选项A.releasedB.issuedC.submittedD.published问题2选项A.feasibilityB.possibilityC.necessityD.availability问题3选项A.revolveB.evolveC.deriveD.revive问题4选项A.might beB.could beC.might have beenD.must have been问题5选项A.featB.acquisitionC.harmonyD.liberty问题6选项A.besidesB.offC.overD.through问题7选项A.alienB.fakeC.foreignD.past问题8选项A.neverB.everC.beforeD.now问题9选项A.seriouslyB.for grantedC.as suchD.in a big way问题10选项A.soB.butC.forD.and问题11选项A.paradoxB.cosmogenesisC.controversyD.embarrassment问题12选项A.partB.roleC.sideD.name问题13选项A.inB.toC.byD.as问题14选项A.workedB.beganC.existedD.kept问题15选项A.came up withB.abided byC.got byD.grappled with【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:A第6题:C第7题:A第8题:C第9题:A第10题:B第11题:B第12题:B第13题:D第14题:B第15题:A【解析】21. 【选项释义】A. released 公开，发布 B. issued 宣布，发给C. submitted 提交，呈递 D. published 出版，发行【考查点】动词辨析和句间逻辑。

解题思路】空格处和下文的“a draft article（文章草稿）”构成动宾逻辑，由“to the journal Nuclear Physics（向《核物理》杂志）”可知，他应该是向杂志投稿文章submit指提交文件、文稿等以审核，因此C选项正确干扰项排除】A选项released“公开，发布”指向公众开放某物，此处主语是He，应该是“他向杂志提交文章”而不是“杂志发布文章”；B选项issued“宣布，发给”指正式地宣布某事或将某物给某人，不能和“to the journal Nuclear Physics（向《核物理》杂志）”进行搭配；D选项published“出版，发行”指在书籍报刊或其它媒介上发表公开，此处只是说“他向杂志提交文章”，并没有提及文章是否被发表句意】他向《核物理》杂志提交了一篇题为《宇宙创造的硬艺术》的文章草稿22. 【选项释义】A. feasibility 可行性 B. possibility 可能性C. necessity 必要性 D. availability 可用性【考查点】名词辨析和句间逻辑解题思路】空格处和上文的“outlined（概述）”构成动宾逻辑，由“creating a universe in a laboratory（在实验室中创造宇宙）”可知，这一做法尚未成真，所以他应该是讲述在实验室中创造宇宙的可能性。

possibility指某事物可能存在或发生，因此B选项正确干扰项排除】A选项feasibility“可行性”指某事物能够做到或实现，此处只是提出这种可能，并没有阐述它可以实现；C选项necessity“必要性”和D选项availability“可用性”均不能和“creating a universe in a laboratory（在实验室中创造宇宙）”相对应，不符合句间逻辑句意】在文章中，他概述了在实验室中创造宇宙的可能性23. 【选项释义】A. revolve 旋转，环绕 B. evolve 进化，演变C. derive 衍生，起源 D. revive 苏醒，复活【考查点】动词辨析和句间逻辑解题思路】that引导了一个定语从句修饰上文的“cosmos（宇宙）”，表示这是一个什么样的新宇宙，空格处和下文的“its own stars, planets and intelligent life（自己的恒星、行星和智慧生命）”构成动宾逻辑，出现自己的恒星、行星和智慧生命应该是宇宙进化、演变的过程evolve指随着时间的推移逐渐发展为更好、更复杂或更高级的状态，因此B选项正确干扰项排除】A选项revolve“旋转，环绕”，C选项derive“衍生，起源”和D选项revive“苏醒，复活”均不能和“its own stars, planets and intelligent life（自己的恒星、行星和智慧生命）”相对应，不符合句间逻辑。

句意】一个全新的宇宙，可能有一天会进化出自己的恒星、行星和智慧生命24. 【选项释义】A. might be 可能是 B. could be 可能是C. might have been 可能已经 D. must have been 一定已经【考查点】情态动词的虚拟语气用法和句间逻辑解题思路】后半句说到“由一个外星‘物理学家黑客’拼凑而成。