初中英语2024届中考语法知识讲解系列0610（疑问代词+连接代词+关系代词）.doc

中考英语语法知识讲解一、疑问代词（一）含义疑问代词就是表示疑问的代词，常常位于句首引导特殊疑问句疑问代词指代的对象可以是人，也可以是物Eg: What is your name?你叫什么名字？Where are you from?你来自哪里？（二）形式人称非人称名词性质Who,whom, whose, what, whichWhat; which形容词性质Whose,what, whichWhat, which（三）功能疑问代词在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语和定语等Eg:Who passes the exam? 谁通过了考试？（作主语)Which is the best boy? 谁是最好的男孩？(作表语)What are you doing?你正在干什么？ (作宾语)What is the book used for? 这些书用来做什么？（作介词宾语)Which class are you in?你在几班？（作定语)（四）常见疑问代词用法1.who, whom, whose的用法who是主格，译为“谁”；whom是宾格，译为“谁”；whose是属格，译为“谁的”who和whom只有名词性质，而whose即可有名词性质，也可由形容词性质。

Eg: Who is the boy? (作主语) 那个男孩是谁？Whom are you writing to?(作宾语)你写信给谁呀？Whose house is this? (作定语) 这是谁的房子？2.what的用法疑问代词what即可有名词性质，又有形容词性质，即可指人，也可指物可作主语、表语、宾语和定语Eg: What made him success? (作主语) 什么使他成功？What is the matter? (作表语)这么了？What do you do ?(作宾语）你是做什么的？What nationality are you?(作定语） 你是哪国人？3.Which的用法which即有名词性质，也有形容词性质，即可指人，也可指物在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语Eg: Which is your seat? (作主语)哪个是你的座位？Which is the first book? (作表语)哪个是第一本书？Which do you prefer,apples or pears?（作宾语）你喜欢哪一种，苹果还是梨？Which book do you like? (作定语）你喜欢哪本书？二、连接代词（一）连接代词常用来引导名词性从句。

名词性从句分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句四种二）常见连接代词1.who/whoever “(无论）谁”（主格) 在句中常作主语和表语 Eg: Whoever breaks the law should be punished.（主语从句）任何人触犯法律，都应受到惩罚2.whom/whoever “(无论)谁” （宾格）在句中作宾语 Eg: The boy is whom she is talking about?（表语从句）那个男孩是她正在谈话的人3.whose “谁的”（所有格），在句中常作定语Eg: I wonder whose pen is this.（宾语从句）我想知道这是谁的钢笔4.what/ whatever “（无论)什么”在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语Eg: I don’t know what you mean.（宾语从句）我不知道你什么意思5.which “哪个”，在句中可作主、宾、定语Eg: Which bus we should take is still a question.(主语从句）我们应该乘坐哪辆公交车仍是个问题三、关系代词（一）关系代词常用来引导定语从句。

二）常见关系代词1.who “谁”可作主语，指代人Eg: This is the boy who helped me.（作主语）这就是帮我的那个男孩2.whom “谁”可作宾语，指代人Eg: Lily is the girl whom Miss.Liu met yesterday.（作宾语）丽丽就是昨天刘小姐见的人3.whose “谁的”可作定语Eg: This is the house whose windows face the south.(作定语）这就是那个窗户朝南的房子4.which “哪个” 可作主语或宾语Eg: This is the first place which I visited last time.（作宾语）这是我上次参观的第一个地方I want the book which is on the shelf.（作主语）我想要架子上的那本书三）连接代词和关系代词异同点相同点： 二者皆用来引导从句不同点：连接代词用来引导名词性从句，而关系代词用来引导定语从句。