A-level化学：常用基础词汇总结(一).docx

A-level化学：常用基础词汇总结（一）夕/£来来来，今天索引留学小编要跟大家分享的是A-level化学的常用词汇，还在为单词头疼的各位小主，是时候使出洪荒之力啦~~1. TheIdeal-GasEquation理想气体状态方程2. PartialPressures分压3. RealGases:DeviationfromIdealBehavior真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. ThevanderWaalsEquation范德华方程5.SystemandSurroundings系统与环境6.StateandStateFunctions状态与状态函数7. Process过程8. Phase相9. TheFirstLawofThermodynamics热力学第一定律10. HeatandWork热与功11. EndothermicandExothermicProcesses吸热与发热过程12. EnthalpiesofReactions反应热13. Hess'sLaw盖斯定律14. EnthalpiesofFormation生成焓15. ReactionRates反应速率16. ReactionOrder反应级数17. RateConstants速率常数18. ActivationEnergy活化能19. TheArrheniusEquation阿累尼乌斯方程20. ReactionMechanisms反应机理21. HomogeneousCatalysis均相催化剂22. HeterogeneousCatalysis非均相催化剂23. Enzymes酶24. TheEquilibriumConstant平衡常数25. theDirectionofReaction反应方向26. LeChatelier'sPrinciple列•沙特列原理27. EffectsofVolume,Pressure,TemperatureChangesandCatalysts积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28.SpontaneousProcesses自发过程29. Entropy(StandardEntropy)M(标准熵)30. TheSecondLawofThermodynamics热力学第二定律31. EntropyChanges熵变32.StandardFree-EnergyChanges标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases酸碱34. TheDissociationofWater水离解35. TheProtoninWater水合质子36. ThepHScalespH值37. Bronsted-LowryAcidsandBasesBronsted-Lowry酸和碱38. Proton-TransferReactions质子转移反应39. ConjugateAcid-BasePairs共轭酸碱对40. RelativeStrengthofAcidsandBases酸碱的相对强度41. LewisAcidsandBases路易斯酸碱42. HydrolysisofMetalIons金属离子的水解43. BufferSolutions缓冲溶液44. TheCommon-IonEffects同离子效应45. BufferCapacity缓冲容量46. FormationofComplexIons配离子的形成47. Solubility溶解度48. TheSolubility-ProductConstantKsp溶度积常数49.50.51.52.53.54.55.56.57.58.59.60.61.62.63.64.65.66.67.68.69.70.71.72.73.74.75.76.77.78.79.80.81.82.83.84.PrecipitationandseparationofIons离子的沉淀与分离SelectivePrecipitationofIons离子的选择沉淀Oxidation-ReductionReactions氧化还原反应OxidationNumber氧化数BalancingOxidation-ReductionEquations氧化还原反应方程的配平Half-Reaction半反应GalvaniCell原电池VoltaicCell伏特电池CellEMF电池电动势StandardElectrodePotentials标准电极电势OxidizingandReducingAgents氧化剂和还原剂TheNernstEquation能斯特方程Electrolysis电解TheWaveBehaviorofElectrons电子的波动性Bohr'sModelofTheHydrogenAtom氢原子的波尔模型LineSpectra线光谱QuantumNumbers量子数ElectronSpin电子自旋AtomicOrbital原子轨道Thes(p,d,f)Orbitals(p,d，f)轨道Many-ElectronAtoms多电子原子EnergiesofOrbital轨道能量ThePauliExclusionPrinciple泡林不相容原理ElectronConfigurations电子构型ThePeriodicTable周期表Row行Group族Isotopes,AtomicNumbers,andMassNumbers同位素，原子数，质量数PeriodicPropertiesoftheElements元素的周期律RadiusofAtoms原子半径IonizationEnergy电离能Electronegativity电负性EffectiveNuclearCharge有效核电荷ElectronAffinities亲电性Metals金属Nonmetals非金属85. ValenceBondTheory价键理论86. CovalenceBond共价键87. OrbitalOverlap轨道重叠88. MultipleBonds重键89. HybridOrbital杂化轨道90. TheVSEPRModel价层电子对互斥理论91. MolecularGeometries分子空间构型92. MolecularOrbital分子轨道93. DiatomicMolecules双原子分子94. BondLength键长95. BondOrder键级96. BondAngles键角97. BondEnthalpies键能98. BondPolarity键矩99. DipoleMoments偶极矩100. PolarityMolecules极性分子101. PolyatomicMolecules多原子分子102. CrystalStructure晶体结构103. Non-Crystal非晶体104. ClosePackingofSpheres球密堆积105. MetallicSolids金属晶体106. MetallicBond金属键107. Alloys合金108. IonicSolids离子晶体109. Ion-DipoleForces离子偶极力110. MolecularForces分子间力111. IntermolecularForces分子间作用力112. HydrogenBonding氢键113. Covalent-NetworkSolids原子晶体114. Compounds化合物115. TheNomenclature,CompositionandStructureofComplexes配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges,CoordinationNumbers,andGeometries电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates螯合物118. Isomerism异构现象119. StrueturalIsomerism结构异构120. Stereoisomerism立体异构121. Magnetism磁性122. ElectronConfigurationsinOctahedralComplexes八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. TetrahedralandSquare-planarComplexes四面体和平面四边形配合物124. GeneralCharacteristics共性125. s-BlockElementss区元素126. AlkaliMetals碱金属127. AlkalineEarthMetals碱土金属128. Hydrides氢化物129. Oxides氧化物130. PeroxidesandSuperoxides过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides氢氧化物132. Salts盐133. p-BlockElementsp区元素134. BoronGroup（Boron,Aluminium,Gallium,Indium,Thallium）硼族（硼,铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane硼烷136. CarbonGroup（Carbon,Silicon,Germanium,Tin,Lead碳族（碳，硅,锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite,CarbonMonoxide,CarbonDioxide石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. CarbonicAcid,CarbonatesandCarbides碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. OccurrenceandPreparationofSilicon硅的存在和制备140. SilicicAcid，Silicates硅酸，硅酸盐141. NitrogenGroup（Phosphorus,Arsenic,Antimony,andBismuth）氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia,NitricAcid,PhosphoricAcid氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates,phosphorusHalides磷酸盐，卤化磷144. OxygenGroup（Oxygen,Sulfur,Selenium,andTellurium）氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone,HydrogenPeroxide臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides硫化物147. Halogens（Fluorine,Chlorine,Bromine,Iodine）卤素（氟，氯，溴,碘）148. Halides,Chloride卤化物，氯化物149.150.151.152.153.154.155.156.157.158.159.160.161.162.163.164.165.166.167.168.169.170.171.172.173.174.175.176.177.178.179.180.181.182.183.184.TheNobleGases稀有气体Noble-GasCompounds稀有气体化合物d—Blockelements。